Synthesis of electrophile-tethered preQ₁ analogs for covalent attachment to preQ₁ RNA

• Laurin Flemmich and
• Ronald Micura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2025, 21, 483–489, doi:10.3762/bjoc.21.35

• naturally in mRNA riboswitches in bacteria and is involved in ligand-dependent gene regulation. Therefore, this riboswitch (like others) has become an attractive target for drug design. To date, most known RNA–small molecule binders interact in a non-covalent manner. The compounds presented here are part of

Synthesis of O⁶-alkylated preQ₁ derivatives

• Laurin Flemmich,
• Sarah Moreno and
• Ronald Micura

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 2295–2301, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.147

• this end, robust synthetic routes towards O6-alkylated 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanines are urgently needed and reported here. Results and Discussion Biological and synthetic background Role of preQ1 in queuosine biosynthesis and gene regulation Queuine (Q base) is a derivative of guanine that is involved

Synthesis and properties of oligonucleotides modified with an N-methylguanidine-bridged nucleic acid (GuNA[Me]) bearing adenine, guanine, or 5-methylcytosine nucleobases

• Naohiro Horie,
• Takao Yamaguchi,
• Shinji Kumagai and
• Satoshi Obika

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 622–629, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.54

• (ASOs) modified with 2',4'-bridged nucleic acid/locked nucleic acid (2',4'-BNA/LNA; Figure 1) are now widely used for gene regulation in vitro and in vivo because 2',4'-BNA/LNA greatly increases the affinity toward the target RNAs, thus enhancing the efficacy of the modified ASOs [1][2][3][4][5][6

Molecular basis for protein–protein interactions

• Brandon Charles Seychell and
• Tobias Beck

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.1

• functionality and the corresponding pathways. Important roles of PPIs include hormone reception [2], protease inhibition [3], antibody–antigen complexes [4], gene regulation [5], and large biomolecular assemblies [6]. PPI identification and prediction are important for targeting anticancer strategies [7

Secondary metabolites of Bacillus subtilis impact the assembly of soil-derived semisynthetic bacterial communities

• Heiko T. Kiesewalter,
• Carlos N. Lozano-Andrade,
• Mikael L. Strube and
• Ákos T. Kovács

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2983–2998, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.248

• demonstrated that the production of these NRPs varies among coisolated B. subtilis environmental strains due to missing core genes or potentially altered gene regulation, highlighting the existing natural diversity of SM production in this species [51]. In this study, we focus on soil-derived semisynthetic

Stimuli-responsive oligonucleotides in prodrug-based approaches for gene silencing

• Françoise Debart,
• Christelle Dupouy and
• Jean-Jacques Vasseur

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 436–469, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.32

• such as gene regulation is to circumvent the poor chemical stability of nucleic acids in biological media due to their low resistance to nucleases and to overcome their low cell uptake due to their polyanionic nature. In the present review, we aimed to identify various ON prodrugs that are responsive

Grip on complexity in chemical reaction networks

• Albert S. Y. Wong and
• Wilhelm T. S. Huck

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1486–1497, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.147

• networks exhibiting oscillatory behavior. Within this framework, Figure 4b shows an in vitro implementation of an oscillator comprising a positive and a delayed negative feedback loop [90]. The canonical gene regulation pathway uses the information encoded in DNA templates T1−T3. Similarly, a genetic

• predator–prey network. Adapted with permission from [88], copyright 2013 American Chemical Society. (b) The gene regulation pathway and of an oscillator based on a positive and delayed negative feedback motif, with experimentally observed oscillations shown to be in good agreement with the simulations

Regulation of integrin and growth factor signaling in biomaterials for osteodifferentiation

• Qiang Wei,
• Theresa L. M. Pohl,
• Anja Seckinger,
• Joachim P. Spatz and
• Elisabetta A. Cavalcanti-Adam

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 773–783, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.87

• regulate G-proteins involved in filopodia, lamellipodia, and contraction [7]. Moreover, FAK can directly serve to gene regulation. It can transfer from focal adhesions to the nucleus to target ubiquitination of the cell-cycle mediator p53 and act as a transcription co-regulator with the GATA4 zinc-finger

SF002-96-1, a new drimane sesquiterpene lactone from an Aspergillus species, inhibits survivin expression

• Silke Felix,
• Louis P. Sandjo,
• Till Opatz and
• Gerhard Erkel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2866–2876, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.323

• with an IC50 value of 2.63 µM (1 µg/mL). Previous studies in colon cancer cells have shown that regulation of survivin expression is, in addition, TCF/β-catenin dependent mediated by three TCF/β-catenin consensus sequences within the survivin promoter [20]. Dysregulation of TCF/β-catenin dependent gene

• regulation originating from aberrantly stabilized β-catenin or mutations in the associated protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) results in the activation of target genes implicated in cell proliferation and transformation [21]. We therefore investigated the effect of SF002-96-1 on canonical Wnt signaling

The regulation and biosynthesis of antimycins

• Ryan F. Seipke and
• Matthew I. Hutchings

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 2556–2563, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.290

• biosynthetic pathway. Keywords: antimycins; gene regulation; genome mining; natural products; Streptomyces; Review It is estimated that around 60% of all known antibiotics are derived from secondary metabolites made by filamentous actinomycete bacteria, most notably Streptomyces species [1]. Streptomyces