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Search for "scattering" in Full Text gives 841 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

  • Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

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  • (Figure 5) [237]. The compounds exhibited ferroelectric chiral smectic C, and ordered smectic phases. The purpose of this research was to examine how these chiral units contribute to electrical functions. A specific, non-scattering photocurrent decrease was observed in the organized smectic phase of
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Published 04 Jul 2025

A calix[4]arene-based supramolecular nanoassembly targeting cancer cells and triggering the release of nitric oxide with green light

  • Cristina Parisi,
  • Loredana Ferreri,
  • Tassia J. Martins,
  • Francesca Laneri,
  • Samantha Sollima,
  • Antonina Azzolina,
  • Antonella Cusimano,
  • Nicola D’Antona,
  • Grazia M. L. Consoli and
  • Salvatore Sortino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1003–1013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.75

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  • typical features of the ABF chromophore [55][56][57][58][59][62][63][64] with a maximum at ca. 480 nm (Figure 1A). However, dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements evidenced that, in line with its amphiphilic character, compound 1 is not present in the monomeric form but as nanoaggregates ca. 180 nm
  • equation: Dynamic light scattering measurements were performed on a ZetaSizer NanoZS90 (Malvern Instrument, UK), equipped with a 633 nm laser, at a scattering angle of 90° and at 25 °C. In a manner analogous to [70], photolysis experiments were performed by irradiating the samples in solution in a
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Published 03 Jul 2025

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

  • Maximilian Spellauge,
  • David Redka,
  • Mianzhen Mo,
  • Changyong Song,
  • Heinz Paul Huber and
  • Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

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  • scattering; Review Introduction Laser synthesis and processing of materials with emphasis on structure formation on the nanoscale offers a multitude of pathways to desired structure-related functions [1]. In green processes, nanostructures and nanoparticles (NPs) can be produced that serve applications in
  • verifying proposed pathways, we describe spatially and temporally resolved optical reflectivity and short-wavelength scattering methods that are able to directly reveal structural motifs. Ultimately, it is possible to investigate single NPs with a single shot before complete destruction. With these methods
  • -particle imaging” describes the processes initiated by laser-excitation of an individual NP probed by X-ray scattering up to delay times of a few tens of picoseconds. The second chapter “Structural dynamics in liquids” reports on the application of ultrafast time-resolved electron scattering to investigate
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Published 02 Jul 2025

Characterization of ion track-etched conical nanopores in thermal and PECVD SiO2 using small angle X-ray scattering

  • Shankar Dutt,
  • Rudradeep Chakraborty,
  • Christian Notthoff,
  • Pablo Mota-Santiago,
  • Christina Trautmann and
  • Patrick Kluth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 899–909, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.68

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  • nanopores in thermal and plasma-enhanced chemical vapor-deposited (PECVD) SiO2 using synchrotron-based small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The nanopores were fabricated by irradiating the samples with 89 MeV, 185 MeV, and 1.6 GeV Au ions, followed by hydrofluoric acid etching. We present a new approach for
  • nanopores in different materials, which is essential for optimizing membrane performance in applications that require precise pore geometry. Keywords: etched ion tracks; SiO2; small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS); swift heavy ion irradiation; track-etched nanopores; Introduction Solid-state nanopores have
  • , including selectivity, throughput, and molecular capture. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has proven to be an invaluable tool for characterizing nanopore membranes, offering nondestructive analytical capabilities that yield statistical information of more than 106 pores [6][13][29][40]. With a beam size
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Published 12 Jun 2025

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

  • Olga V. Sedelnikova,
  • Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
  • Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
  • Yuri N. Palyanov,
  • Elena V. Shlyakhova,
  • Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
  • Anna A. Makarova,
  • Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
  • Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

Graphical Abstract
  • (Figure 5a, Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5a,b). They demonstrate the main diamond peak at 1333 cm−1 corresponding to the first-order scattering of the F2g symmetry. The high intensity and small full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 4 cm−1 of this band and the absence of other Raman features
  • the annealed Ni-PCD film only demonstrate the Raman peaks from sp2-carbon and the absence of the diamond peak at 1333 cm−1 (Figure 5b, Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5c-e). The probing depth of Raman scattering is estimated to be about 90 nm (Supporting Information File 1, Table S1). This
  • D and 2D bands. The D band represents the disordered vibration modes of graphitic hexagonal layers, and the 2D band originates from the second-order double-resonant scattering process. In general, the quality of graphene layers can be evaluated by the ratio of the intensities of the D and G peaks
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Published 12 Jun 2025

Ar+ implantation-induced tailoring of RF-sputtered ZnO films: structural, morphological, and optical properties

  • Manu Bura,
  • Divya Gupta,
  • Arun Kumar and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 872–886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.66

Graphical Abstract
  • disorder-induced band can be ascribed to an increase in dpa, which leads to lattice disorder [14]. The peak corresponding to the A1 (LO) mode of implanted samples is deconvoluted as shown in Figure 6. This type of scattering from the K–M point of the Brillouin zone is symmetrically forbidden. Gupta et al
  • reflectance by the following relation [41]: Here R is the diffuse reflectance of the samples; s and α correspond to scattering and absorption coefficients, respectively. The scattering coefficient does not depend on the wavelength. Thus, F(R) becomes proportional to α. It has been observed that with the rise
  • . Correlations This anomalous behavior of Raman modes can be attributed to the fact that the incorporation of lattice defects and disorder by energetic ions leads to translational symmetry loss. This results in the breaking of the wave vector k = 0 selection rule required for Raman scattering from different
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Published 11 Jun 2025

Insights into the electronic and atomic structures of cerium oxide-based ultrathin films and nanostructures using high-brilliance light sources

  • Paola Luches and
  • Federico Boscherini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 860–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.65

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  • shown as dashed lines. Reprinted from [49] with permission of the Royal Society of Chemistry (“Electronic properties of epitaxial cerium oxide films during controlled reduction and oxidation studied by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering” by G. Gasperi et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. vol. 18, issue 30
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Published 10 Jun 2025

Morphology and properties of pyrite nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and thin films for photodetection

  • Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
  • Bindu Krishnan,
  • Rene Fabian Cienfuegos Pelaes,
  • David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
  • Josué Amílcar Aguilar-Martínez and
  • Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 785–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.60

Graphical Abstract
  • a very reflective surface, the percentage reflectance was measured and is given in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2c. Estimating the bandgap values of the films was challenging due to light scattering [8]. For homogenous and smooth deposition by EPD, it is crucial that the particles in the
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Published 03 Jun 2025

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

  • Sabina Lewińska,
  • Pavlo Aleshkevych,
  • Roman Minikayev,
  • Anna Bajorek,
  • Mateusz Dulski,
  • Krystian Prusik,
  • Tomasz Wojciechowski and
  • Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

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  • nanoscale amorphous grains exhibit averaged, broad X-ray scattering maxima, in contrast to the sharp diffraction maxima from a crystalline material [30][31]. The prediction of the amorphous iron-containing phase is based on XRD contrasts with the TEM images, which registered the crystalline structure of the
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Published 02 Jun 2025

Serum heat inactivation diminishes ApoE-mediated uptake of D-Lin-MC3-DMA lipid nanoparticles

  • Demian van Straten,
  • Luuk van de Schepop,
  • Rowan Frunt,
  • Pieter Vader and
  • Raymond M. Schiffelers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 740–748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.57

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  • Slide-A-Lyzer, MWCO 20,000, 0.5–3 mL, dark, 4 °C). LNP stocks were stored at 4 °C in the dark. LNP characterization The hydrodynamic diameter of LNPs was determined via dynamic light scattering (DLS). LNP stocks were diluted 1:20 in PBS and analyzed at 25 °C using a ZetaSizer Nano ZS 90 (Malvern
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Published 30 May 2025

Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

  • Tina Friedenauer,
  • Maximilian Spellauge,
  • Alexander Sommereyns,
  • Verena Labenski,
  • Tuba Esatbeyoglu,
  • Christoph Rehbock,
  • Heinz P. Huber and
  • Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

Graphical Abstract
  • scattering needs to be carefully considered. The SEM images in Figure 3A and the number-weighted particle size distribution of the curcumin feedstock material in Figure 3C show a bimodal size distribution mainly composed of two size fractions, a smaller main fraction with a modal value of xmode 1, LP0
  • , Supporting Information File 1. For curcumin, the influence of particle size on extinction, absorption, and scattering was calculated based on the Mie theory (using the program MiePlot [72]) for spherical particles in a range of 0.1 to 1000 µm at wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm (Figure 7). For monodisperse
  • particle sizes (1, 5, 10, and 40 µm) the relative ratio of absorption to scattering was calculated from Figure 7, and a clear size dependency was observed. Considering the relative values, it is noticeable that the portion of the fragmentation-relevant absorption efficiency (Figure 7, blue graph and values
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Published 26 May 2025

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

  • Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
  • Oscar Contreras López,
  • Jesús Antonio Díaz,
  • Agustín Conde Gallardo and
  • Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

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  • interactions and a relatively unperturbed plume expansion. As the background pressure increases, the collision frequency between plume particles and background gas molecules rises. This leads to more pronounced interactions, including increased scattering, energy transfer, and chemical reactions. In the
  • TaN film with the MgO substrate is critical for achieving superior superconducting properties, as high crystallinity and minimal defects reduce electron scattering, improving Tc of the film. The combination of cubic phase dominance, epitaxial growth, and precise lattice match with the MgO substrate
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Published 22 May 2025

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

  • Teissir Ben Ammar,
  • Naji Kharouf,
  • Dominique Vautier,
  • Housseinou Ba,
  • Nivedita Sudheer,
  • Philippe Lavalle and
  • Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

Graphical Abstract
  • determination of the size distribution was attempted by means of dynamic light scattering but was unsuccessful owing to the lack of transparency of the suspensions even after strong dilution. The TEM images also reveal visible granules atop the layers (Figure 1D,E). Additional analysis of these granules (Figure
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Published 20 May 2025

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

  • Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
  • Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
  • Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
  • Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
  • Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
  • Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
  • Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
  • Ênio Pereira Telles,
  • Luiz André Santos Silva,
  • Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
  • Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
  • Daniel Alves de Souza,
  • Jileno Ferreira Santos,
  • Felipe José Aidar Martins,
  • Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
  • Sandra Lauton-Santos,
  • Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
  • Cristiane Bani Correa,
  • Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
  • Lysandro Pinto Borges and
  • Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

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  • characterizing nanostructured systems such as MEs, including droplet size, optical properties, and rheological profile. M7-EOCF therefore underwent tests to investigate these parameters. First, the M7-EOCF sample was analyzed by dynamic light scattering, which showed that the system had an average hydrodynamic
  • determined by dynamic light scattering using Zetasizer Nano ZS equipment (Malvern Instruments, UK). For this purpose, about 1,000 μL of the sample, undiluted and at a temperature of 25 °C, were inserted into a cuvette suitable for carrying out the measurements [8]. The optical properties of the samples were
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Published 07 May 2025

Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in CdxZn1−xO composite thin films

  • Arkaprava Das,
  • Marcin Zając and
  • Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43

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  • exhibit a complete transformation compared to those of the CZ900_Pris sample. The introduction of a substantial number of defects may have relaxed the dipole selection rule, resulting in a destructive interference pattern within the multiple scattering signal. Such out-of-phase oscillations can lead to
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Published 17 Apr 2025

Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes: an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus

  • Carlos Enrique Torres-Méndez,
  • Sharmilee Nandi,
  • Klara Martinovic,
  • Patrizia Kühne,
  • Yifan Liu,
  • Sam Taylor,
  • Maria Lysandrou,
  • Maria Ines Berrojo Romeyro Mascarenhas,
  • Viktoria Langwallner,
  • Javier Enrique Sebastián Alonso,
  • Ivana Jovanovic,
  • Maike Lüftner,
  • Georgia-Vasiliki Gkountana,
  • David Bern,
  • Abdul-Raouf Atif,
  • Ehsan Manouchehri Doulabi,
  • Gemma Mestres and
  • Masood Kamali-Moghaddam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 540–550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.42

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  • nanohybrids of MoSe2−CsPbBr3 with a size range between 60 and 80 nm [38]. This effect has been relevant to enhance the Raman scattering vibrational modes in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements. It has also been noticed that the shape of the nanostructure can be used to tune the magnitude of the
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Published 16 Apr 2025

N2+-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

  • Usha Rani,
  • Kafi Devi,
  • Divya Gupta and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

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  • film thickness and peaks between 300 and 700 nm, corresponding to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of molybdenum nanoparticles [45][46]. The formation of defects through ion irradiation increased the scattering of light and absorption within the film, resulting in enhanced overall
  • may influence the electrical properties. As the thickness changes, the internal stress distribution could lead to impediments in electron transport, causing slight deviations from linearity. Nitrogen ions create defects, vacancies, or impurities in the molybdenum film, acting as scattering centers for
  • boundaries disrupt the crystal structure. These boundaries act as obstacles for charge carriers, hindering their movement and thus increasing resistivity. Further, scattering at these boundaries reduces the mobility of charge carriers, leading to a decrease in conductivity. Essentially, the more boundaries
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Published 01 Apr 2025

Effect of additives on the synthesis efficiency of nanoparticles by laser-induced reduction

  • Rikuto Kuroda,
  • Takahiro Nakamura,
  • Hideki Ina and
  • Shuhei Shibata

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 464–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.35

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  • . However, in the solution with a concentration of 1.0 × 10−2 mol/dm3, an increase in absorbance was observed in the long wavelength region of the absorption spectrum. Therefore, we evaluated the dispersion state of nanoparticles using dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The obtained particle size
  • wavelengths became higher due to Rayleigh scattering by nanoparticles formed in the solution. TEM images of the sample after laser irradiation confirmed the formation of nanoparticles of around <10 nm (Figure 7c). Based on the above results, we investigated the possibility of using LRL to synthesize base
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Published 27 Mar 2025

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

  • Ravinder Lamba,
  • Gaurav Bhanjana,
  • Neeraj Dilbaghi,
  • Vivek Gupta and
  • Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

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  • NRs were studied using dynamic light scattering analysis, and their zeta potential was determined. Figure 5 represents the zeta potential of Ag@ZnO NRs. The samples were collected in the liquid state and the Ag@ZnO NRs zeta potential of ≈30 mV accounts for the stability of the nanoparticles in water
  • . Raman spectroscopy of Ag@ZnO nanorods The influence of Ag doping in ZnO nanorods were investigated by Raman scattering. Raman scattering of Ag@ZnO NRs were recorded using a 532 nm laser at room temperature in the spectra range varying from 0 to 2000 cm−1. ZnO has four atoms in each primitive cell, which
  • results in the broadening of the E2H mode and also expands and relocates the E1(LO)/A1(LO) peak, present at approximately 567 cm−1, to a lower energy level. The broadening and shifting of the A1(LO) modes is the result of the scattering effects generated by the A1(LO) branch extending beyond the central
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Published 26 Mar 2025

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

  • Soni Prajapati and
  • Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

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  • precipitation step is essential for purifying the nanoparticles and achieving a stable, solid-state product that can be easily collected and dried. Finally, the synthesized PEG–PCL NPs are characterized to assess their size and uniformity. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques measure the average particle
  • . Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the average hydrodynamic radius of the PEG–PCL NPs was 229.5 nm, confirming their nanoscale dimensions. This finding aligns with previously reported studies that detail the properties of PEG–PCL NPs in similar applications [29]. The polydispersity index
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Published 20 Mar 2025

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

  • Ahmet Baki Sahin,
  • Serdar Karakurt and
  • Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

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  • potential distributions The size of Alg and EudAlg nanoparticles were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS) at 25 °C. The nanoparticles were suspended in ddH2O; for each sample, three measurements were performed, twelve runs each, to obtain the distributions. Disposable
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Published 13 Mar 2025

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

  • Madeleine K. Wilsey,
  • Teona Taseska,
  • Qishen Lyu,
  • Connor P. Cox and
  • Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

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  • scattering by the carbon fibers. The pulsed laser-grafted gold nanoparticles exhibited cauliflower morphology with approximately 200 nm diameter and no detectable carbonaceous shells (Figure 2B and cf. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data below). Assembly of gold nanoparticles by nanosecond laser
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Published 07 Mar 2025

Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature

  • Kafi Devi,
  • Usha Rani,
  • Arun Kumar,
  • Divya Gupta and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 333–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.25

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  • charge carriers, and various scattering events take place at grain boundaries such that the conductivity of the films decreases. The number of grain boundaries decreases with an increase in crystallite size. Thus, the increase in crystallinity and decrease in dislocation density with substrate
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Published 05 Mar 2025

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

  • Radmila Milenkovska,
  • Nikola Geskovski,
  • Dushko Shalabalija,
  • Ljubica Mihailova,
  • Petre Makreski,
  • Dushko Lukarski,
  • Igor Stojkovski,
  • Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
  • Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

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Published 19 Feb 2025

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

  • Silvia Jaerger,
  • Patricia Appelt,
  • Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
  • Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
  • Ricardo Schneider,
  • Carla Bittencourt and
  • Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

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  • with 50 μm of diameter and gate delay of 0.5 μs. A static laser scattering (SLS) Horiba LA-960 equipment assessed the powder particle size distribution measurements using a 15 mL cuvette accessory and water as the dispersion medium. The refractive index was set to 1.640 for red and blue lines. Results
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Published 10 Feb 2025
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