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Search for "diffusion" in Full Text gives 717 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

  • Maximilian Spellauge,
  • David Redka,
  • Mianzhen Mo,
  • Changyong Song,
  • Heinz Paul Huber and
  • Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

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Published 02 Jul 2025

Synthesis of biowaste-derived carbon-dot-mediated silver nanoparticles and the evaluation of electrochemical properties for supercapacitor electrodes

  • Navya Kumari Tenkayala,
  • Chandan Kumar Maity,
  • Md Moniruzzaman and
  • Subramani Devaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 933–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.71

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  • distribution of PG-CDs-AgNPs was responsible for the enhanced surface area [35]. The pore size distribution plot of PG-CDs-AgNPs suggests the mesoporous characteristics (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1b), which, via the diffusion of electrolyte ions, is highly efficient for electrochemical charge
  • graph that as the scan rates are increased, the current densities rise owing to the quicker diffusion kinetics on the electrode surface [37]. A lower scan rate means that the entire voltammogram takes longer to complete than a high scan rate. At low scan rates, diffusion layers extend further from the
  • -electrode investigation, due to the faster diffusion kinetics on the surface of the electrode. At high scan rates (such as 500 mV/s), there was no discernible diversion of the features of the CV profiles. The current responsiveness of the device was adequate even at a 20 mV/s scan rate. For real-time
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Published 24 Jun 2025

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

  • Olga V. Sedelnikova,
  • Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
  • Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
  • Yuri N. Palyanov,
  • Elena V. Shlyakhova,
  • Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
  • Anna A. Makarova,
  • Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
  • Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

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  • temperature of about 500 °C [23]. Such a significant decrease in the temperature at which graphitization starts compared to that of the Ni-coated SCD is due to the presence of multiple grain boundaries, along which the diffusion of Ni atoms takes place, facilitating the graphitization process [34]. The
  • %) could be associated with the heat-induced reorganization of the Ni layer into particles, which can penetrate into the diamond substrate due to the counter-diffusion of carbon and nickel [19]. The immersing of metal particles into diamond was discussed in detail in previous works [27][28]. The XPS C 1s
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Published 12 Jun 2025

Ar+ implantation-induced tailoring of RF-sputtered ZnO films: structural, morphological, and optical properties

  • Manu Bura,
  • Divya Gupta,
  • Arun Kumar and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 872–886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.66

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  • competition between surface diffusion and ion erosion processes [34][35]. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy The surface morphology of pristine and 30 keV argon-implanted ZnO films was also studied by FESEM. Figure 8 shows the FESEM images of pristine and implanted films. To deduce the change in
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Published 11 Jun 2025

Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium adsorption on vertically arranged MoS2 layers coated with pyrolytic carbon

  • Alexander V. Okotrub,
  • Anastasiya D. Fedorenko,
  • Anna A. Makarova,
  • Veronica S. Sulyaeva,
  • Yuliya V. Fedoseeva and
  • Lyubov G. Bulusheva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 847–859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.64

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  • sample at 773 K in ultrahigh vacuum. The presence of the underlying MoS2 film facilitates the diffusion of sodium through the graphitic coating, but not all of the deposited sodium reaches MoS2. As a result, the sodium-induced rearrangement of the carbon-coated MoS2 is less than that of the free MoS2
  • structure without significant formation of Mo and Na2S [19]. The carbon coating improved the electrical contact between the MoS2 agglomerates, while the sandwich-like structure of MoS2-graphene facilitated the diffusion of sodium ions [20][21]. There are various possibilities to improve the properties of
  • hybrid anodes based on MoS2. The diffusion of sodium ions in layered MoS2 is highly anisotropic. It is fast along the basal planes and is not possible through defect-free layers [3]. Thus, when the interlayer channels coincide with the Na+ movement paths, the diffusion distance is shortened, resulting in
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Published 10 Jun 2025

Synthesis and magnetic transitions of rare-earth-free Fe–Mn–Ni–Si-based compositionally complex alloys at bulk and nanoscale

  • Shabbir Tahir,
  • Tatiana Smoliarova,
  • Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
  • Michael Farle,
  • Natalia Shkodich and
  • Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 823–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.62

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  • (14.1%) compared to other elements. This may be attributed to higher diffusion rates due to its lower latent heat of fusion (31.8 kJ·mol−1) and its relatively low melting point (1211 K) compared to other constituents, as observed by Tiwari and colleagues [54]. Additionally, the target composition was re
  • . The lower sintering temperature and absence of pre-alloying limits the diffusion of the elements, leading to incomplete alloying. The composition exhibits a much larger percentage variance from the expected bulk composition compared to the Ge-based CCA. Al with its much lower latent heat of fusion
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Published 05 Jun 2025

Supramolecular hydration structure of graphene-based hydrogels: density functional theory, green chemistry and interface application

  • Hon Nhien Le,
  • Duy Khanh Nguyen,
  • Minh Triet Dang,
  • Huyen Trinh Nguyen,
  • Thi Bang Tam Dao,
  • Trung Do Nguyen,
  • Chi Nhan Ha Thuc and
  • Van Hieu Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 806–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.61

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  • instrument (Jasco). Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis) and light transmittance spectroscopy were recorded using a V-670 spectrophotometer (Jasco). Microscopic texture and imaging were observed by a stereo zoom microscope (Optika SZM). Agar diffusion assays were used for testing
  • GO sharp edges with bacterial membranes [57][58]. The crucial antibacterial activity of ZH nanostructures is the delivery of Zn2+ ions to disrupt bacterial membranes and intracellular processes [59][60]. Antibacterial activity of the GO-SG-ZH hydrogel was tested in agar well diffusion assays (Figure
  •  9). The photographic results showed inhibition zones against E. coli (Figure 9a) and S. aureus (Figure 9b). The inhibition zones resulted from the diffusion of ZH nanoparticles and Zn2+ cations from the hydrogel to the surrounding agar. As the GO-SG-ZH hydrogel is antibacterial, the brush coating of
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Published 04 Jun 2025

Morphology and properties of pyrite nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and thin films for photodetection

  • Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
  • Bindu Krishnan,
  • Rene Fabian Cienfuegos Pelaes,
  • David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
  • Josué Amílcar Aguilar-Martínez and
  • Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 785–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.60

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  • arises when there is a difference in diffusion rates of the species in the core and shell, leading to the formation of voids within the particle. In our case, there is no presence of core–shell structure but the high viscosity of IPA likely plays a key role in the formation of these hollow structures
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Published 03 Jun 2025

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl3: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study

  • Shafaq Kazim,
  • Rahul Parmar,
  • Maryam Azizinia,
  • Matteo Amati,
  • Muhammad Rauf,
  • Andrea Di Cicco,
  • Seyed Javid Rezvani,
  • Dario Mastrippolito,
  • Luca Ottaviano,
  • Tomasz Klimczuk,
  • Luca Gregoratti and
  • Roberto Gunnella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58

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  • that the formation of the Cr–O–Cl phase requires a sufficient volume of material, that is, that oxygen-driven phase formation is hindered if there are no specific diffusion processes in the sample. All three SPEM figures (Figure 5, Figure 6, and Figure 7) confirm that the lower-binding-energy component
  • . This turns the system from a surface Mott–Hubbard insulator to a charge-transfer [8] one in spite of Cr being an early transition metal [32]. What can be presumed from the present study is that Cl–O exchange following Cl vacancy formation is limited in very thin layers because of the limited diffusion
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Published 02 Jun 2025

Synthesis of a multicomponent cellulose-based adsorbent for tetracycline removal from aquaculture water

  • Uyen Bao Tran,
  • Ngoc Thanh Vo-Tran,
  • Khai The Truong,
  • Dat Anh Nguyen,
  • Quang Nhat Tran,
  • Huu-Quang Nguyen,
  • Jaebeom Lee and
  • Hai Son Truong-Lam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 728–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.56

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  • investigations. Effect of initial TC concentration and time As depicted in Figure 4a, the adsorption capacity (qe) increases with higher initial concentrations of TC. Specifically, at low initial concentrations, adsorption capacity is low owing to the incomplete diffusion of TC molecules into the material
  • structure. However, at higher initial concentrations, a larger concentration gradient drives TC diffusion into the PGC surface, resulting in a rapid increase in adsorption capacity. Notably, most of the adsorption occurs within the first 12 h, during which 89–95% of TC is adsorbed. In the first 8 h, the
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Published 27 May 2025

Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

  • Tina Friedenauer,
  • Maximilian Spellauge,
  • Alexander Sommereyns,
  • Verena Labenski,
  • Tuba Esatbeyoglu,
  • Christoph Rehbock,
  • Heinz P. Huber and
  • Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

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  • colloids, for example, to increase their defect density in favor of electrocatalytic or optical properties without changing their size [6][7][8]. In addition, the acronym PUDEL has recently been used for pulsed laser diffusion enhancement in liquids, which refers to an increase in diffusion without
  • stirrers containing the NP or microparticle (MP) dispersions, which are irradiated with a laser beam. However, as dispersion volumes in batch setups are only partially illuminated and there is constant back-diffusion, no uniform fluence and number of pulses-per-particle can be guaranteed. This prohibits
  • materials, but because of the inefficient irradiation in the batch setup and the constant back-diffusion, a high number of pulses is required, resulting in up to 23% degradation products once SMPs are generated [42]. In our previous work, we have also shown that a 100 times higher fragmentation efficiency
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Published 26 May 2025

Nanostructured materials characterized by scanning photoelectron spectromicroscopy

  • Matteo Amati,
  • Alexey S. Shkvarin,
  • Alexander I. Merentsov,
  • Alexander N. Titov,
  • María Taeño,
  • David Maestre,
  • Sarah R. McKibbin,
  • Zygmunt Milosz,
  • Ana Cremades,
  • Rainer Timm and
  • Luca Gregoratti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 700–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.54

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  • -ordered cavities were formed at temperatures between 1000–1200 °C. The lateral surfaces of those small cavities or pinholes correspond to the {111} family of planes, which tend to be more reactive owing to the higher concentration of Ni3+. Diverse phenomena, including Ni diffusion and inhomogeneous strain
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Published 23 May 2025

High-temperature epitaxial growth of tantalum nitride thin films on MgO: structural evolution and potential for SQUID applications

  • Michelle Cedillo Rosillo,
  • Oscar Contreras López,
  • Jesús Antonio Díaz,
  • Agustín Conde Gallardo and
  • Harvi A. Castillo Cuero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 690–699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.53

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  • diffusion barrier with potential application for microelectronics were fabricated [10][11]. In contrast, the stoichiometric mononitride TaN phase with face-centered cubic (FCC) structure exhibits superconductivity with a Tc of 8.15 K [12]; when the thin films were grown epitaxially on an FCC substrate, Tc
  • growth. In fact, at 850 °C, the adatom surface mobility and surface diffusion of the deposited atoms are further increased, which has also been shown by Elangovan et al. [20], Adamik et al. [22], and Cheng and collaborators [23]. The variation of resistance of TaN films, measured from room temperature
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Published 22 May 2025

Aprepitant-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance oral bioavailability

  • Mazhar Hussain,
  • Muhammad Farooq,
  • Muhammad Asad Saeed,
  • Muhammad Ijaz,
  • Sherjeel Adnan,
  • Zeeshan Masood,
  • Muhammad Waqas,
  • Wafa Ishaq and
  • Nabeela Ameer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 652–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.50

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  • release (98.89% ± 4.11%) in PBS (pH 7.4) and followed the Higuchi release model (with exponent n = 0.542), indicating non-Fickian diffusion (anomalous transport). The maximum concentration of drug in plasma and the bioavailability of optimal formulation APT-CD-NP4 were higher than those of pure APT
  • controlled through diffusion and changes over time. In the Korsemyer–Peppas model, the values of the exponent of drug release (n) of APT-CD-NP1 to APT-PX-NP8 in acidic medium ranged from 0.723–0.978 with regression coefficients R2 = 0.9870–0.9962, indicating anomalous APT release with non-Fickian diffusion
  • (Table 2). Regarding the measurements in PBS (pH 7.4), the value of n of all formulations APT-CD-NP1 to APT-PX-NP8 ranged from 0.542 to 0.943, demonstrating non-Fickian diffusion with anomalous drug transport. The drug release from polymer-based APT-loaded formulations is as follows: When the polymeric
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Published 15 May 2025

Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

  • Iqra Zainab,
  • Zohra Naseem,
  • Syeda Rubab Batool,
  • Muhammad Waqas,
  • Ahsan Nazir and
  • Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

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  • polyurethane fibers for biomedical applications PU comes in various forms, including flexible foams, coatings, adhesives, and rigid thermosets [150]. PU is frequently used as a material for constructing nanowebs because of its chemical stability, diffusion coefficients, superior mechanical capabilities, and
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Published 24 Apr 2025

Feasibility analysis of carbon nanofiber synthesis and morphology control using a LPG premixed flame

  • Iftikhar Rahman Bishal,
  • Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
  • Norikhwan Hamzah,
  • Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
  • Faizuan Bin Abdullah,
  • I Putu Tedy Indrayana and
  • Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.45

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  • varying equivalence ratios. The effects of flame equivalence ratio on the CNF morphology and crystallinity are then analyzed systematically. In the present study, a diffusion flame was used to check the stability of the flame at different flow rates, followed by establishing a premixed flat flame of LPG
  • an initial diffusion flame to compare the stability to achieve a premixed flame. Flames with different equivalence ratios were systematically used to confirm the feasibility of the synthesis process and the effects of flame conditions on the morphology of the grown CNF. Experimental Preparation of
  • placed on a stand. The ideal combustion of the premixed flame was achieved by mixing LPG, oxygen, and nitrogen at 0.18, 0.65, and 1.90 slpm, respectively. The mixture produced a premixed flat flame with a secondary diffusion flame at an equivalence ratio of 1.80. Flame and CNF characterization The
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Published 23 Apr 2025

Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in CdxZn1−xO composite thin films

  • Arkaprava Das,
  • Marcin Zając and
  • Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43

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  • interdiffusion at the interface between the CdxZn1−xO (x = 0.4) alloy film and the Si wafer substrate [24]. This process initiates significant diffusion of Si atoms, starting at the film–substrate interface and extending into the thin film layer, leading to the formation of Si–O bonds. At an annealing
  • temperature of 900 °C, Si diffusion intensifies, resulting in an increased thickness of the amorphous silicon oxide layer at the film–substrate interface [24]. The interdiffusion of Si, O, Cd, and Zn atoms near the SiOx layer (i.e., at the substrate–film interface) facilitates the formation of willemite
  • Zn2SiO4 nanoparticles [24]. Previous investigations have elucidated that the out-diffusion of Zn2SiO4 nanoparticles from the film–substrate interface to the surface occurs with a larger unit cell volume (1569.22 Å3) compared to CdO (105.29 Å3) and ZnO (47.40 Å3) generating localized pressure [1]. This
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Published 17 Apr 2025

Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes: an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus

  • Carlos Enrique Torres-Méndez,
  • Sharmilee Nandi,
  • Klara Martinovic,
  • Patrizia Kühne,
  • Yifan Liu,
  • Sam Taylor,
  • Maria Lysandrou,
  • Maria Ines Berrojo Romeyro Mascarenhas,
  • Viktoria Langwallner,
  • Javier Enrique Sebastián Alonso,
  • Ivana Jovanovic,
  • Maike Lüftner,
  • Georgia-Vasiliki Gkountana,
  • David Bern,
  • Abdul-Raouf Atif,
  • Ehsan Manouchehri Doulabi,
  • Gemma Mestres and
  • Masood Kamali-Moghaddam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 540–550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.42

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  • transfer resistance. A modulation of the Rct magnitude was observed after each modification step on the working electrode of the biosensor (Supporting Information File 1, Figures S2–S6). Finally, the circuit is connected in series to a Warburg element (Wz) representing the diffusion of the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4
  • the scan rate (Figure 6), suggesting that the reduction and oxidation of the complex [Fe(CN)6]3−/4− is a diffusion-controlled process. The performance of mouse monoclonal influenza A H1N1 hemagglutinin antibodies was tested using sandwich ELISA. They were selected as biorecognition element in our
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Published 16 Apr 2025

Electron beam-based direct writing of nanostructures using a palladium β-ketoesterate complex

  • Chinmai Sai Jureddy,
  • Krzysztof Maćkosz,
  • Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
  • Iwona B. Szymańska,
  • Patrik Hoffmann and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 530–539, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.41

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  • under electron impact or getting trapped by newly adsorbing precursor molecules or diffusing molecules. The deposition process is governed by dissociation, desorption, adsorption, and diffusion mechanisms, all of which are influenced by experimental parameters [31] such as substrate temperature
  • geometry is primarily due to surface diffusion processes and directional gas flux adsorption [44][45]. No halo region was observed. The volume growth rate was approximately 0.032 µm3·min−1 or 7.62 × 10−4 µm3·nC−1, with a vertical growth rate of 0.02 nm·s−1. For the STEM analysis, a square deposit was
  • , acetaldehyde, and carbon oxide fragments, making the tbaoac ligand favorable for FEBID. Neglecting surface diffusion, the deposition rates νdep (in units of inverse time) and R (in units of distance over time) are given by [23] For the derivation of Equation 1 and for the numerical values used in the following
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Published 15 Apr 2025

Zeolite materials with Ni and Co: synthesis and catalytic potential in the selective hydrogenation of citral

  • Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
  • Yailen Costa Marrero,
  • Tania Farias Piñeira,
  • Céline Fontaine,
  • Lexane Paget,
  • Beatriz Concepción Rosabal,
  • Arbelio Penton Madrigal,
  • Vitalii Petranovskii and
  • Gwendoline Lafaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 520–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.40

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  • molecular diameter of around 0.3 nm, it can enter the channels of clinoptilolite (maximum opening of 0.31 × 0.75 nm) and mordenite (maximum opening of 0.70 × 0.65 nm), particularly the latter because of the larger channel diameter. The diffusion of reactants (citral and hydrogen) through the zeolite
  • is opportune to outline that preliminary experiments [25] conducted under various stirring conditions, catalyst loadings, and grain sizes confirmed the absence of both external and internal diffusion limitations. XRD pattern of the starting zeolite mineral (ZSA) and the materials obtained through
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Published 14 Apr 2025

N2+-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

  • Usha Rani,
  • Kafi Devi,
  • Divya Gupta and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

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  • diffusion behavior within a temperature range of 330 to 580 °C. They observed the formation of a new cubic Mo2N phase. In addition, they also examined the impact of high ion fluence and temperature on nitrogen implantation in molybdenum with supplementary heating within the temperature range of 500 to 750
  • ) exhibit less surface diffusion effects during deposition, promoting better crystal formation and atomic plane organization. The increased film thickness may also enable more volume for the formation of ordered crystalline domains [35][36]. After N2+ implantation, the crystallite size decreased
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Published 01 Apr 2025

Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

  • Alina V. Dvornichenko,
  • Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
  • Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

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  • –substrate interactions on scales shorter than the diffusion length. The strength of adsorbate–substrate interaction is defined by both substrate and adsorbed material. Adsorbate–substrate interactions encompass a broad spectrum of physical and chemical phenomena that dictate the initial nucleation
  • fundamental factors such as chamber pressure, deposition temperature, energy characteristics, and external influences on the morphology, type, and size of surface structures during growth. A widely adopted approach for mathematical modeling in this context is based on reaction–diffusion models [26][27][28][29
  • study of the evolution of a monoatomic layer deposited on a substrate during low-pressure condensation in the framework of a continuous dynamical model of the reaction–diffusion type. This approach allows one to model deposition techniques such as low-pressure CVD (LPCVD) at sub-atmospheric pressures
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Published 28 Mar 2025

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

  • Ravinder Lamba,
  • Gaurav Bhanjana,
  • Neeraj Dilbaghi,
  • Vivek Gupta and
  • Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

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  • electrode can provide additional details about the electrochemical process. It can help to understand the kinetics of electron transfer reactions, analyte diffusion, and electrode surface contact mechanisms. A modified Ag@ZnO NRs electrode with greater impedance is more stable and durable. This provides
  • with the scan rate, indicates that the current values proportionally increase with higher scan rates, indicating that the reduction process is controlled by diffusion. Figure 11b displays a graph illustrating the relationship between Ipc (cathodic current) and v1/2 (square root of the scan rate
  • ). Clearly, the cathodic peak current demonstrates a linear connection with v1/2, demonstrating diffusion-controlled kinetics [29]. Concentration effect on the peak current or calibration curve Figure 12a illustrates a steady increase in peak current as lead concentration increases. A standard calibration
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Published 26 Mar 2025

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

  • Ahmet Baki Sahin,
  • Serdar Karakurt and
  • Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

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  • , which were also capable of diffusion through artificial mucus. The nanoparticles were not toxic to gastric epithelial cells and can be internalized by the cells within 4 h. The adsorption of nanoparticles onto mucus-secreting gastric cells was found to be correlated with cell number. The delivery system
  • polymer enables drug release by diffusion [21]. Eudragit RS30D is the 30% aqueous dispersion of Eudragit RS100, which is promptly used as coating material [22] or within formulations of drug delivery systems with sustained release characteristics [23]. Although the mucoadhesion of this polymer is known
  • diffusion [41]. Larger particles may be filtered out, which reduces the absorption of therapeutic agents from the mucosa. Specifically, for this study, obtaining nanoscale Alg nanoparticles was critical since these particles were to be coated with a second polymer, Eudragit RS100, which would lead to
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Published 13 Mar 2025

Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature

  • Kafi Devi,
  • Usha Rani,
  • Arun Kumar,
  • Divya Gupta and
  • Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 333–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.25

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  • steps, namely, condensation, nucleation, and crystallization on the substrate surface. The mobility of atoms on the substrate surface is very much affected by the substrate temperature. At low substrate temperatures, because of the low diffusion rate and low mobility of atoms, columnar microstructures
  • form on the substrate surface. With the increase in substrate temperature, mobility and diffusion rate of atoms increase, which results in the evolution of grains that further recrystallize at higher substrate temperatures [28]. The observed variation in the crystallite size is due to changes in
  • mobility and diffusion rate of atoms with substrate temperature. The interplanar spacing (dhkl) and lattice constant (a) were calculated for the (111) plane using Bragg’s law [29], where θ represents the Bragg angle, λ is the X-ray wavelength, d is the interplanar spacing, and a is the lattice constant for
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Published 05 Mar 2025
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