Tailoring Ag–Pt nanoalloys through solid-state dewetting: structural and optical insights

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Piotr Okoczuk,
• Blaž Grobiša,
• Ewa Pawlikowska,
• Amelia Rozwadowska,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 748–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.52

• were employed for optical investigations. Both types of substrates were cleaned with acetylacetone, subsequently rinsed with ethanol, and dried. Thin Pt and Ag thin films were sputtered using a table-top DC magnetron sputtering coater (EM SCD 500, Leica) in a pure Ar plasma environment (Argon, Air

Oxidative atmosphere-driven formation of single-phase spinel CuRh₂O₄ nanofibers for alkaline water oxidation

• Namhee Kim,
• Sumin Ko,
• Sohyeon Choi,
• Seoyoon Jang,
• Myung Hwa Kim and
• Dasol Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 737–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.50

• particularly sensitive to the synthetic environment because Cu readily changes its oxidation state (Cu0/Cu+/Cu2+) depending on the oxidative atmosphere during annealing [9][10]. As a result, slight variations in oxygen partial pressure can significantly alter phase evolution and often lead to undesired

• corresponding to metallic Rh (Rh0) are observed at around 305 eV, indicating that the oxidative environment is insufficient to fully form the spinel CuRh2O4 phase [15]. Note that in the C 1s region (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2), the residual carbon content in the annealed samples is negligible

• affects the topology and growth behavior of the oxide nanocrystals [20]. This observation indicates that the oxidative environment influences not only phase formation but also fiber integrity and surface texture. The OER electrocatalytic activity of the prepared nanofibers was evaluated in N2-saturated

Environmental applications of silver nanoparticles: state-of-the-art review and emerging trends

• Soni Prajapati,
• Akash Kumar and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 697–736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.49

• , copper), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), pesticides (organochlorines and phosphates), micro- and nanoplastics, antibiotics, gases, organic compounds (e.g., dyes or nitrophenols), and microorganisms [2][3][4][5]. The concentration of these pollutants in the environment is proportional to the world

• population and their demand for advanced technology, healthcare, and household products. Therefore, monitoring and remediation of these contaminants from the environment is the need of the hour, with cost-effective, sensitive, and selective strategies or systems foremost. Indeed, various high-throughput

• of the environment (i.e., water, air, and soil). Among the broad family of engineered nanomaterials evaluated for environmental applications, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted exceptional attention owing to their unique combination of properties that directly address the requirements of

Molecular engineering of individual dye-based nanoparticle photostability for ultrabright two-photon fluorescence

• Eleonore Kurek,
• Sasha Cooper,
• Alexandre Clausolles,
• Karen Perronet,
• Jonathan Daniel,
• Mireille Blanchard-Desce and
• François Marquier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 688–696, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.48

• collected data or disrupt the biological environment under study. A more promising alternative is to seek to limit photobleaching through molecular engineering. Indeed, the photobleaching of organic molecules has been found to vary widely depending on their structure [28]. In the case of dFONs, a common

• by the aqueous environment. Furthermore, the 2P absorption cross sections of dFONs(1) and dFONs(2) differ vastly around λ0 = 1000 nm, with σ2(λ0)(1) ≈ 60 GM per dye molecule in dFONs(1) and σ2(λ0)(2) ≈ 930 GM per dye molecule in dFONs(2) [11]. For dFONs(2), the appearance of this second absorption

• ], and even up to 3 near an absorption resonance [35], α is between 2 and 13. We point out the fact that local fields exist also in the measurements of σ2 and Φ from Table 1. The corrections change, however, depending on the dFONs environment. As a result, the values of α measured in the paper cannot be

Protein-based custom-designed molecular nanotraps for biomedical applications

• Devid Maniglio,
• Alice Marinangeli and
• Alessandra Maria Bossi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 683–687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.47

• ). The whole process occurred in an aqueous environment, providing sustainable conditions. The surface response method [20][21] enabled the modeling of the optimal conditions for the synthesis of uniform bioMIPs, yielding nanoparticulates with a low polydispersity (PDI < 0.3). Investigations to elucidate

afspm: A framework for manufacturer-agnostic automation in scanning probe microscopy

• Nicholas J. Sullivan,
• Julio J. Valdés,
• Kirk H. Bevan and
• Peter Grutter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 653–667, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.45

• interfaces can be implemented in one of two ways: the translator logic may reside directly in the scripting environment (Figure 4f), or it may reside in a separate process (Figure 4g). In the former case, the translator-controller communication is embedded in the scripting environment. In the latter case

• , the translator-controller communication involves manufacturer-specific instructions over IPC, where an interfacing script is run in the scripting environment. By following the translator implementations of Figure 4d–g and utilizing generic commands and data structures, we can decouple manufacturer

• controller was a soft dB Signal Ranger MK2-810, connected to a custom non-commercial SPM system. The GXSM controller provides a Python-based internal scripting interface. In order to integrate with our framework, we designed the translator to run within the scripting environment, communicating with other

Recent progress in enhancing built-in electric fields of perovskite solar cells via junction engineering

• Tong Xiao and
• Ke Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 602–621, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.42

• , which promoted exciton dissociation and carrier transport. This method is compatible with low-temperature processing and maintains stability for over 1000 h. The device retained about 90% of its initial PCE after 1000 h in an unpackaged room-temperature environment with 25% humidity. The Sn/Pb gradient

• . ToF-SIMS results show pronounced K+ enrichment at the film bottom. This template and slow-release coupling effect produce a continuous potential descent from the bottom toward the top and a cleaner interfacial environment within the film, thereby driving directional carrier transport and suppressing

Laser–material interactions in liquids for the synthesis of nanomaterials: current status and perspectives

• Carlos Doñate Buendia,
• Bilal Gökce and
• Leonid V. Zhigilei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 571–575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.38

• synthesis productivity [21]. This complexity has driven major efforts within the LSPC community toward elucidating the roles of the solvent environment [6][22], target geometry [23], and irradiation conditions [24] in nanoparticle formation. Advancing these efforts requires a fundamental understanding of

• techniques capable of probing the initial stages of nanoparticle synthesis with high temporal and/or spatial resolution [32][33]. In particular, accessing the picosecond time window needed to capture the initial interaction of the ablation plume with the liquid environment, which defines the subsequent

Electrochemical determination of ciprofloxacin using a MIL-101/reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode

• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Nguyen Ngoc Nghia,
• Nguyen Vinh Phu,
• Vo Thi Khanh Ly,
• Le Lam Son,
• Pham Khac Lieu,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Nguyen Dinh Luyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 541–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.35

• in the trivalent oxidation state. This indicates that the Cr environment in MIL-101 stays intact after integration with rGO. The C 1s spectrum (Figure 3c) can be decomposed into several components representing different carbon bonding environments. The primary peak at about 285.6 eV corresponds to C

• integration of MIL-101(Cr) and rGO, while preserving the Cr3+ oxidation state and the characteristic coordination environment of the MIL-101 framework. The SEM images of rGO, MIL-101, and the MIL-101/rGO composite are shown in Figure 4. The rGO sample (Figure 4a) displays a typical wrinkled, sheet-like

Fractional shot noise of an SU(N) Kondo system

• Damian Krychowski and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 515–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.34

• need of separating shot noise from background 1/f noise caused by fluctuations in the physical environment [66]. The shot noise is a purely nonequilibrium property that results from the fact that current is not a continuous flow but a sum of discrete pulses in time. Shot noise is a zero-frequency

Upcycling agroindustrial waste into graphene oxide supports for gold nanoparticles: toward sustainable nanomaterials

• Juan Marcos Castro-Tapia,
• Selene Acosta,
• Hiram Joazet Ojeda-Galván,
• Elsie Evelyn Araujo-Palomo,
• Edgar Giovanni Villabona-Leal and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 489–504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.32

• oxygen-containing functional groups on the GO surface, which influence the local dielectric environment and stabilize the AuNPs. The most pronounced redshifts and spectral broadening were observed for the AuNP@Agro-GOX and AuNP@Agro-GOC hybrids, suggesting stronger interfacial interactions and higher

Defects and defect-mediated engineering of two-dimensional materials: challenges and open questions

• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov,
• Matthias Batzill,
• Anouar-Akacha Delenda,
• Marija Drndić,
• Chris Ewels,
• Katharina J. Franke,
• Mahdi Ghorbani-Asl,
• Alexander Holleitner,
• Ado Jorio,
• Ute Kaiser,
• Daria Kieczka,
• Hannu-Pekka Komsa,
• Jani Kotakoski,
• Manuel Längle,
• David Lamprecht,
• Yun Liu,
• Steven G. Louie,
• Janina Maultzsch,
• Thomas Michely,
• Katherine Milton,
• Anna Niggas,
• Hanako Okuno,
• Joshua A. Robinson,
• Marika Schleberger,
• Bruno Schuler,
• Alexander Shluger,
• Kazu Suenaga,
• Kristian S. Thygesen,
• Richard A. Wilhelm,
• E. Harriet Åhlgren and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 454–488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.31

• Abstract Compared to bulk solids, defects in low-dimensional materials and, specifically, 2D systems are expected to have a stronger effect, detrimental or beneficial, on their properties. Owing to their geometry, defects in 2D materials can easily be formed due to the interaction with the environment or

• to the interaction with the environment, for example, because of oxidation. The imperfections have a strong influence on the electronic, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties of 2D materials [2][3]. They normally deteriorate the characteristics; but they can also be beneficial, for example, in

• integration of radiofrequency control, ESR-STM could resolve the spin fingerprints of individual defects in TMDs and h-BN, correlating atomic structure with spin states. Such measurements would establish direct correlations between atomic structure, local electronic environment, and spin properties, laying

Nanocarrier-integrated multilayer films produced by 3D printing for improved skin adhesion and curcumin photostability

• Thayse Viana de Oliveira,
• Ana Paula Farias Leão,
• Júlia Leão,
• Cesar Liberato Petzhold and
• Ruy Carlos Ruver Beck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 440–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.30

• concentrated to 10 mL. The experiment was carried out in a dark environment, protected from light. Blank formulations (B-NC) were prepared under the same conditions, without addition of curcumin in the organic phases. All formulations were prepared and characterised in triplicate. Particle size, pH and zeta

• forced degradation photostability challenge, in line with accelerated conditions commonly employed to quantify intrinsic photolability of highly photosensitive compounds such as curcumin. This approach provides an exaggerated but controlled environment to compare the relative protective effects of the

• strain of 1.0% was applied for 100 s to simulate the steady-state conditions within the syringe barrel prior to printing, followed by a shear strain of 100% for 100 s to reproduce the high-shear environment within the nozzle during extrusion. Finally, to simulate the post-printing condition, the initial

Nanoinformatics: spanning scales, systems and solutions

• Iseult Lynch,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Kunal Roy and
• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 423–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.28

• questions including the prediction of (nano)materials (NM) functionality, nanomaterials fate in the environment, toxicity or therapeutic ability, and recyclability. As the properties of nanomaterials themselves span several scales, from electronic, atomistic, mesoscopic to continuum, and are highly dynamic

Biomimetic nanoparticles in cancer photodynamic therapy: a review of targeted delivery systems and therapeutic outcomes

• Valentina I. Gorbacheva,
• Alexey S. Grabovoy,
• Polina S. Marukhina,
• Anastasiia O. Syrocheva and
• Ekaterina P. Kolesova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 396–422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.27

• stealth properties during circulation but exposed their homophilic binding sites specifically within the acidic tumor environment, resulting in a 2.5-fold increase in tumor-specific uptake compared to conventional membrane-coated systems. Main classes of biomimetic nanoplatforms for photosensitizer

Eco-efficient materials for agricultural crops based on a mineral rich in MOR- and HEU-type zeolites

• Esperanza Yamile de la Nuez-Pantoja,
• Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
• Gerardo Rodríguez-Fuentes,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• Ariel Martínez García,
• José Juan Calvino Gámez and
• Daniel Goma Jiménez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 381–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.26

• consequent drag and infiltration under the action of irrigation water and rain [1]. This problem, which is also associated with volatilization and emission of NO, NH3, and other gases into the atmosphere, poses severe risks to the environment and causes serious damage to human health [2]. Minerals rich in

• the type of species present. These features affect the rate at which cations are delivered to the external environment. This aspect is relevant for agricultural applications, where zeolites are used as controlled-release fertilizers [28] for a range of nutrients. Besides this, most prior work has

• silanol groups [19]. For industrial applications, it is important to understand the environment surrounding NH4+ ions within zeolite cavities. In our case, according to the literature [18][27] and FTIR results, the interaction between ammonium molecules and the MOR structure allows for the formation of

Beam shaping techniques for pulsed laser ablation in liquids: Unlocking tunable control of nanoparticle synthesis in liquids

• Sergio Molina-Prados,
• Nadezhda M. Bulgakova,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov,
• Jesus Lancis,
• Gladys Mínguez Vega and
• Carlos Doñate-Buendia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 309–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.22

• , heating, and evaporation of the material, leading to plasma formation. The plasma cools down in the surrounding liquid releasing nanoparticles (NPs) into the liquid; the cooling process also generates gas bubbles from the liquid environment. These gas bubbles nucleate, forming a cavitation bubble (CB

• environment [9]. The early stages of laser ablation, along with variations in material density, temperature, and phase states, can be effectively modelled using large-scale atomistic simulations [26][27]. PLAL is a simple, fast, and versatile technique that has been employed to produce ligand-free NPs [28

Advancing nanolithography: a comprehensive review of materials for local anodic oxidation with AFM

• Matteo Lorenzoni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 275–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.19

• -layer graphene flakes [22][98][99], epitaxial graphene [20][100], graphene grown by thermal decomposition of SiC [77], and graphite [101]. By applying local oxidation in a humid environment, the resulting reactive oxygen species, such as OH− and O2•−, oxidize the graphene surface, forming graphene oxide

• degradation during the oxidation process. Transitioning to t-SPL would ultimately enable operation in a dry nitrogen environment, thereby preventing oxidation, a capability recently demonstrated by Liu and coworkers [106]. It is to mention that also Shilov and coworkers focused on electrode-free

• nanopatterning of thick multilayer van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures [64]. This approach, which relies on applying a low-frequency (10 kHz) AC voltage between the AFM tip in contact mode and the grounded substrate, achieves high-resolution etching (down to ≈100 nm) without the need for a humid environment

Gold nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a highly effective catalyst for the selective α,β-dehydrogenation of N-alkyl-4-piperidones

• Brenda Flore Kenyim,
• Mihir Tzalis,
• Marilyn Kaul,
• Robert Oestreich,
• Aysenur Limon,
• Chancellin Pecheu Nkepdep and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 218–238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.15

• volume. These features provide a more favorable environment for mass transport, reactant diffusion, and nanoparticle dispersion, making rGO a more effective catalyst support, so we expect a better catalytic activity with rGO. In addition to the morphological and textural properties of carbon supports

• environment for catalyst dispersion, thereby enhancing reaction kinetics. This is likely due to the residual oxygen content of rGO (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S6), which enables the effective anchoring of AuNPs and results in higher catalytic efficiency. In addition, the AC-based composites tend to

• metal–support interactions and a tendency for leaching over several cycles. Beyond the structural advantages of mentioned earlier, rGO also provides a unique electronic environment that further enhances catalytic activity. The superior catalytic performance of AuNPs–rGO compared to Au supported on CB or

Micro- and nanoscale effects in biological and bioinspired materials and surfaces

• Thies H. Büscher,
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira,
• Manuela Rebora and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 214–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.14

• surfaces of any living organism constantly engage with the environment and face a wide range of challenges. To meet these challenges, the surfaces of any organism must often simultaneously fulfil multiple functions and adapt to various environmental pressures, which involve complex interactions between

Safe and sustainable by design with ML/AI: A transformative approach to advancing nanotechnology

• Georgia Melagraki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 176–185, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.11

• potential EHS risks as they evolve, ensuring proactive rather than reactive risk management. Third, dynamic simulations – including digital twin technologies – provide a virtual environment for researchers to run “what if” scenarios, allowing them to explore the impact of variable parameters (e.g., pH

• properties that may be harmful to human health or the environment in particular groups of chemicals likely to be (eco)toxic, persistent, bio-accumulative, or mobile. Overall sustainability should be ensured by minimizing the environmental footprint of chemicals and materials in particular in relation to

• computational methods help deliver materials that meet performance demands without compromising human health or the environment. Materials informatics To date, materials informatics has been predominantly focussed on optimizing functionality, largely through materials acceleration platforms (MAPs) that combine

From shield to spear: Charge-reversible nanocarriers in overcoming cancer therapy barriers

• Madhuri Yeduvaka,
• Pooja Mittal,
• Ameer Boyalakuntla,
• Usman Bee Shaik,
• Himanshu Sharma,
• Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
• Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula and
• Lakshmi Vineela Nalla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 159–175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.10

• enhancing the therapeutic efficacy and safety profiles of nanocarriers in clinical applications [15]. The functional mechanism of CRNs (Figure 2) is designed to enhance the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer drug delivery systems, along with their behaviour in response to the acidic environment of

• ]. These studies demonstrate how enzyme substrates embedded in nanocarriers enable the selective cleavage, charge reversal, and targeted delivery of drugs in response to cancer-associated enzymes. 2.3 Redox-sensitive nanocarriers Redox-sensitive nanocarriers exploit the distinct intracellular environment

• to CC BY 4.0. Schematic representation of charge-reversible nanocarrier system for tumour therapy. a) In general mechanism of CRNs activated by various stimuli for targeted therapy, b) charge reversal of nanocarriers exhibiting responsiveness to the acidic environment in biofilms. The images of EMPTY

Influence of surface characteristics on the in vitro stability and cell uptake of nanoliposomes for brain delivery

• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Andreas Zimmer,
• Otmar Geiss,
• Sabrina Gioria,
• Diletta Scaccabarozzi and
• Marija Glavas Dodov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 139–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.9

• lipid structure of NLs, leading to AC leakage, while plasma protein adsorption may cause particle aggregation [7]. In this sense, the presence of proteins in the tissue environment can alter cellular uptake of both cationic and anionic carriers [8]. In short, our understanding of how nanodelivery

• acidic environment (for visualization of endocytic pathways). Further, the cells were stained and visualized as described above. Internalization studies of nanoliposomes in hCMEC/D3 cells by confocal microscopy Confocal laser scanning microscopy (Carl Zeiss, Axiovert 200M Inverted Microscope) was

• nonexisting, and addition of cholesterol is needed in order to achieve conditions resembling normal neuronal environment with surrounding glial cells, as well as to promote the process of the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell differentiation into a neuronal cell type [50]. Up to date, several findings reported the

Development and in vitro evaluation of liposomes and immunoliposomes containing 5-fluorouracil and R-phycoerythrin as a potential phototheranostic system for colorectal cancer

• Raissa Rodrigues Camelo,
• Vivianne Cortez Sombra Vandesmet,
• Octavio Vital Baccallini,
• José de Brito Vieira Neto,
• Thais da Silva Moreira,
• Luzia Kalyne Almeida Moreira Leal,
• Claudia Pessoa,
• Daniel Giuliano Cerri,
• Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley,
• Josimar O. Eloy,
• Ivanildo José da Silva Júnior and
• Raquel Petrilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 97–121, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.7

• 50. This increase in negative surface charge may be attributed to changes in the distribution of surrounding counterions, possibly caused by the adsorption or ionization of functional groups at the liposomal surface [47]. Additionally, the exposure of the phosphate moiety to the aqueous environment

• the formulations, as PDI values remained within the acceptable range (<0.3 for monodisperse systems) [72]. Therefore, the results demonstrate that the developed formulation presents adequate stability under conditions that simulate the biological environment, an essential requirement for in vivo

Functional surface engineering for cultural heritage protection: the role of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic coatings – a comprehensive review

• Giuseppe Cesare Lama,
• Marino Lavorgna,
• Letizia Verdolotti,
• Federica Recupido,
• Giovanna Giuliana Buonocore and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 63–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.6

• textile) and their relative weaknesses and then discusses the threats, which depend on the environment in which the artwork is located (outdoor or indoor). This review article also aims to provide scholars and conservators with a comprehensive overview of current solutions, serving as a foundation for

• transparency and reversibility, while smoother substrates favor thinner, more controllable films. Furthermore, artworks having stone or inorganic surfaces, may experience erosion due to the effect of acid rain if in outdoor environment (limestone might shift to gypsum due to sulfur dioxide, becoming porous and

• water-absorbent) [53], while, if in indoor environment, they may experience biological fouling (fungi or bacteria) [54][55], which might initiate bio-deterioration [56]. If the substrate is metallic, corrosion caused by water (rain when outdoor and humidity fluctuation when indoor) is the main issue