Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• . Thus, the permeation kinetic profile and the amount of retained drug in the mucosa can be measured. Considering the local application, it is advantageous for the drug to slowly permeate the mucosa without reaching blood vessels and systemic circulation [8]. The cumulative permeation percentage was

• , 359 and 427 nm. In this sense, the detection of these characteristic bands in the mucosa is indicative of the presence of the drug. Regarding the photoacoustic spectra of porcine oral mucosa (Figure 11B), all samples displayed a band at 415 nm related to the blood vessels. Figure 9C exhibits that CUR

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• not practical, because they will aggregate on the walls of the blood vessels and not reach the tumor area. The use of CAN-mag alone, on the other hand, is not good either, as it will undergo filtration by the liver [64]. So overall, there is a double advantage of WS2-NTs functionalized with CAN-Mag

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• was proposed for the first time by Maeda and Matsumura, who reported the selective accumulation of nanometric entities in tumoral tissue [5]. The reason of this passive accumulation lies in the unique architecture of the blood vessels that irrigate the solid tumour. The accelerated growth of a solid

• tumour must be sustained by the continuous construction of blood vessels in order to transport nutrients and oxygen to the malignant cells spreading through the tissue. The creation of completely functional blood vessels requires a fine balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. These factors are

• unbalanced in the tumoral tissue with the amount of pro-angiogenic factors being higher [8]. As a consequence of this, the newly formed blood vessels have an aberrant and tortuous structure with pores and fenestrations of a few hundreds of nanometres. Therefore, when the nanoparticles reach the tumoral blood

Hybrid Au@alendronate nanoparticles as dual chemo-photothermal agent for combined cancer treatment

• Anouchka Plan Sangnier,
• Romain Aufaure,
• Laurence Motte,
• Claire Wilhelm,
• Erwann Guenin and
• Yoann Lalatonne

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2947–2952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.273

• efficient antitumor activity of Au@alendronate NPs through combining drug delivery in the form of a nanoplatform carrying alendronate and photothermal therapy. Indeed, Au@alendronate NPs will accumulate within cells because of the enhanced permeability retention effect: An enhanced permeability of blood

• vessels near the tumor allows for the penetration of nanoparticles into the tumor. The impaired lymphatic function within the tumor will not be able to clear those nanoparticles efficiently [40]. This proof-of-concept study will be completed by the intracellular behavior of Au@alendronate NPs with a

Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature

• Joseph C. Cremaldi and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85

• mineralized structure that creates the skeletal system. They house the marrow, nerves, and blood vessels that make up vital systems to homeostasis and ensure regular function of vertebrate bodies [52]. When a bone break occurs, both soft tissue damage (in encased blood vessels) and nerve damage occur as well

Effect of microtrichia on the interlocking mechanism in the Asian ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

• Jiyu Sun,
• Chao Liu,
• Bharat Bhushan,
• Wei Wu and
• Jin Tong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 812–823, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.75

• costal vein is a hollow elliptical structure that is similar to the blood vessels (Figure 2j) and is near a large cavity in the hindwing that could decrease weight and improve flexibility [22]. Microtrichia on the ventral side of the elytra To adapt to their environment, H. axyridis have evolved

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• may leave the blood vessels through fenestrations in the endothelial lining [38]. Recent studies have revealed that BN NPs are not toxic and can be additionally saturated with chemotherapeutic agents for multifunctional biological applications [39]. Therefore, our results open up new possibilities for

Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering

• Baeckkyoung Sung and
• Min-Ho Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22

• such as blood vessels and peripheral nerves. Figure 3 summarizes the biologically-relevant physicochemical interactions occurring between scaffolds and cells. Dense collagen matrices and scaffolds in cholesteric organization Various artificial systems have been developed by mimicking native LC

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• particular, adhesion and orientation of endothelial cells on different surfaces can be controlled by combining surface chemical treatment and topography mimicking the elongated endothelium characteristic of the blood vessels [11]. A broad range of techniques and materials have been employed to fabricate well

When the going gets rough – studying the effect of surface roughness on the adhesive abilities of tree frogs

• Niall Crawford,
• Thomas Endlein,
• Jonathan T. Pham,
• Mathis Riehle and
• W. Jon P. Barnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.201

• blood vessels beneath the pads which will contribute to the soft nature of the whole pad [19]. It is, however, unknown to what extent these soft pads can deform and adapt to different scales of roughness. Here, the performance of tree frogs on rough surfaces was examined using a variety of techniques to

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• discusses model studies with a special emphasis on the fabrication of substrates with well-defined nano- and microstructured surfaces for in vitro studies with vascular cells (Figure 1). Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are two vascular cell types forming blood vessels (Figure

• cell system and the responses of vascular cells to surface topographies in the micro- and nanometer range The vascular system is one of the key systems of the human body and sustains normal human physiology during development, human life span and response to injuries [130]. Blood vessels are built from

• ][173][174][175][176]. Thereby, a multitude of stimulating signals, such as messenger molecules, ECM, pulsatile blood flow and endogenous electrical fields exist in and around the vasculature [177][178][179]. Additionally, in blood vessels of healthy humans, the regulation of SMC proliferation and

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• . The first barrier to penetrate the tissue after intravascular application of nanoparticles are endothelial cells. A single monolayer of these cells covers the inner surface of blood vessels, thus playing the role of an active interface between the circulating blood and the tissue [7][8]. As soon as

• nanoparticles are in the circulatory system, they likely first interact with endothelial cells. By acting on endothelial cell function, they may not only affect existing blood vessels, but also the ability to form new blood vessels (a process called angiogenesis). Being crucial for the growth and development of

• a living organism, angiogenesis has an important role in the wound healing process, where new blood vessels are being formed from pre-existing ones [9]. It is widely believed that endothelial cells communicate to each other and, as a result of their communication and redistribution, form hollow

The hydraulic mechanism in the hind wing veins of Cybister japonicus Sharp (order: Coleoptera)

• Jiyu Sun,
• Wei Wu,
• Mingze Ling,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Jin Tong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 904–913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.82

• blood vessels, thus forming a rotating point and rotating torque. After 2.1 s, the first stage stops, and the middle part of the vein does not move. The pressure difference concentrates on the rotating point of the posterior segment, and there is the second moment of rotation. When S2 is completely

Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels

• Yue Zhang and
• Wan-Xi Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 675–684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.60

• here whether nanoparticles can cause several adverse effects to human health. In this review, based on research on nanotoxicity, we mainly discuss the negative influence of nanoparticles on blood vessels in several aspects and the potential mechanism for nanoparticles to penetrate endothelial layers of

• blood vessels, which are the sites of phosphorylation of tight junction proteins (claudins, occludins, and ZO (Zonula occludens)) proteins, oxidative stress and shear stress. We propose a connection between the presence of nanoparticles and the regulation of the tight junction, which might be the key

• approach for nanoparticles to penetrate endothelial layers and then have an impact on other tissues and organs. Keywords: blood vessels; endothelial cells; nanoparticles; oxidative stress; tight junction; Introduction Products related to nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly growing in number. We can

An adapted Coffey model for studying susceptibility losses in interacting magnetic nanoparticles

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2173–2182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.223

• and sedimentation increases considerably with the transition from small nanoparticles to stable ferromagnetic single domain [4]. This leads to clogging of blood vessels. The displacement of the domain wall causes the reversal of the magnetization direction in multi-domain nanoparticles. In a single

Tattoo ink nanoparticles in skin tissue and fibroblasts

• Colin A. Grant,
• Peter C. Twigg,
• Richard Baker and
• Desmond J. Tobin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1183–1191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.120

• redistribution of the pigments deeper into the dermis and some even entering dermal blood vessels before transportation to local lymph nodes [29]. This leads one to question the extent of transportation of ink pigment particles throughout the body from the tattooing process. Light microscopy analysis of tattooed

The gut wall provides an effective barrier against nanoparticle uptake

• Heike Sinnecker,
• Thorsten Krause,
• Sabine Koelling,
• Ingmar Lautenschläger and
• Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2092–2101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.218

• samples), 6: tubing to pressure recorders (luminal, blood vessels), 7: electronic balance to check gut weight during the experiment. B: Schematic model of the rat small intestinal explant. Via the cannulated artery the explant is supplied with artificial blood plasma. The lymph vessel is scarified and the

The surface microstructure of cusps and leaflets in rabbit and mouse heart valves

• Xia Ye,
• Bharat Bhushan,
• Ming Zhou and
• Weining Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 622–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.73

• ventricles, between the aorta and the left ventricle, and between the pulmonary artery and the right ventricle. These valves play a key role by forcing blood to flow in one direction through the heart and all blood vessels throughout the body. If valvular lesions occur a heart valve will need to be replaced