The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• deformation, N–H bending) [26] and the absorption peak at around 1330 cm−1 is related to the stretching vibration bands of the carboxylate group (C=O) [27]. The latter two peaks (1556 and 1330 cm−1) are observed in all samples and can be ascribed to the presence of some impurity in the KBr pellets, which is

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• −1 may be assigned to C–O stretching vibrations. The peaks at around 1400 cm−1 and 1540 cm−1 are assigned to symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of carboxylate [O–C–O]− ions. The positions of the peaks indicate attachment of the polymer ligand to the surface of the maghemite nanoparticles

• through carboxylate groups. In the species –COO–Fe, these are shifted to slightly higher energies compared to non-attached carboxylates [57][58]. The peaks at 2850 cm−1, 2920 cm−1, and 2960 cm−1 are assigned to C–H stretching vibrations in the PAA chain. The broad peak at 3400 cm−1 is stronger compared to

• protonated amine groups, and the WS2-NT-CM-PEI composite becomes positively charged. PAA is negatively charged (carboxylate groups), shifting the composite from −9.90 mV to −21.4 mV. Figure 8 shows the magnetization spectra of WS2-NT, CAN-mag, and WS2-NT-CM nanocomposites, all taken at a temperature of 10 K

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• an inorganic layer and a liquid core containing a fluorophore. The polymeric capsules are synthesized by free radical miniemulsion polymerization and contain covalently bound carboxylate surface functionalities that allow for the binding of metal ions through electrostatic interaction. A cerium(IV

• . The crystallization of cerium(IV) oxide nanoparticles on the surface of the polymer nanocapsules is depicted in Figure 1. First, the cerium ions from the precursor are complexed by the carboxylate functional groups and the crystallization occurs upon addition of NaOH at a controlled rate. The SEM and

• atmosphere. The enhancement effect can be explained by the trapping of the quenching oxygen molecules on the metal oxide surface, which results in a reduction of the photo-oxidation. Schematic representation of the formation of cerium(IV) oxide on the surface of carboxylate functionalized fluorescent

Reduced graphene oxide supported C₃N₄ nanoflakes and quantum dots as metal-free catalysts for visible light assisted CO₂ reduction

• Md Rakibuddin and
• Haekyoung Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.44

• , a sharp peak at 1380 cm−1 is observed, which can be ascribed to –C–O stretching vibrations of carboxylate groups, which are formed due to the breaking of some C–N bonds of triazine rings and their oxidation to carboxylic groups in the C3N4 NFs and QDs [19]. After the introduction of rGO to form GCN

• a small span of time (5 h). During the acid treatment process, some C–N bonds of the s-triazine units of the g-C3N4 sheet are oxidized and oxygen-containing carboxylate functional groups are generated at the edge and on the basal plane [19] as indicated by FTIR spectra (Figure 4). This results in

One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• case of metals, as M–C bonds are (in most cases) quite unstable, the organic groups can be linked to the metal oxide network via carboxylate or β-diketonate ligands [5][10][11]. Organophosphorus ligands such as phosphonates appear quite promising as they form strong ionocovalent M–O–P bonds with many

Removal of toxic heavy metals from river water samples using a porous silica surface modified with a new β-ketoenolic host

• Said Tighadouini,
• Smaail Radi,
• Abderrahman Elidrissi,
• Khadija Haboubi,
• Maryse Bacquet,
• Stéphanie Degoutin,
• Mustapha Zaghrioui and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 262–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.25

• from ethyl pyridine-2-carboxylate and 2-acetylfuran via in situ Claisen condensation reaction [49]. The reaction of the activated silica gel with (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane in toluene afforded amino groups onto the silica surface (SiNH2), which were then reacted with L1 under gentle conditions

A novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-modified layered double hydroxide: preparation, characterization and properties

• Xianwei Zhang,
• Zhongzhu Ma,
• Hong Fan,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jintao Wan and
• Philippe Dubois

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3053–3068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.284

• carboxylate groups, which could counterbalance multiple positive sheet charges. (iii) The high hydrocarbon content of the intercalator is helpful in improving the affinity of LDH to carbon-based materials. The OPCS-modified LDH (OLDH) was designed and prepared using a one-step route, followed by the

Colloidal chemistry with patchy silica nanoparticles

• Pierre-Etienne Rouet,
• Cyril Chomette,
• Laurent Adumeau,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2989–2998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.278

• -known approach consists in converting them into more reactive groups such as anhydrides. We chose to use TEA to deprotonate the carboxylic groups and ethyl chloroformate (ECF) to react with the resulting carboxylate groups to get mixed anhydrides [26]. The assemblies were performed in dry

Magnetic and luminescent coordination networks based on imidazolium salts and lanthanides for sensitive ratiometric thermometry

• Pierre Farger,
• Cédric Leuvrey,
• Mathieu Gallart,
• Pierre Gilliot,
• Guillaume Rogez,
• João Rocha,
• Duarte Ananias,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Emilie Delahaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2775–2787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.259

• carboxylate function of two different [L]− ligands, one from the water molecule and four from two different oxalate ligands. The coordination environment of Ln3+ ions is a tricapped trigonal prism (Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1) with Ln–O distances similar to those observed in structurally related

• oxalate ligand (Table S1, Supporting Information File 1). Two separate Ln3+ ions are connected through an oxalate ligand in a bis-bidentate bridging coordination mode forming undulating chains along the a-axis (Figure 2). The Ln3+ ions are connected to the carboxylate functions of the [L]− ligand in a

• bidentate chelate mode. The cohesion between these chains is realized through H bonding between H atoms of the coordinated water molecules and O atoms of the carboxylate functions. Beside the single crystal analysis, the homogeneity of the six samples was checked by powder X-ray diffraction. As shown in

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• the removal of toxic metal ions from wastewater. A carboxy group has two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen, and hence it is required to form a chelate with a divalent metal. In this regard, Qiao et al. [101] synthesized a carboxylate-functionalized adsorbent by grafting maleic anhydride on primary

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• the carbon–oxygen stretching vibration and the difference between the asymmetric and symmetric stretching-vibration frequencies relative to the free carboxylate ion are indicative of a mononuclear bidentate complex. The absorption peak at 1736 cm−1, indicative of ester groups, is significantly

Chemistry for electron-induced nanofabrication

• Petra Swiderek,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1317–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.124

• efforts [11]. Another approach is to identify molecular subunits that can form stable nonreactive and volatile products upon electron–precursor interaction. The carboxylate group is such a subunit [12][13][14][15][16]. It holds the promise that it may easily fragment to yield thermodynamically stable CO2

• during electron exposure and thus enhance precursor fragmentation. This expectation is met by a novel fluorinated silver carboxylate precursor that yields deposits with so far unprecedented silver content including 3D structures [15][16]. However, given a favorable structure, even large organic ligands

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• towards the direct electron beam writing of three-dimensional plasmonic device parts from the gas phase. Keywords: carboxylate; electron beam induced deposition; silver; three-dimensional nanostructures; vertical growth rate; Introduction Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) is a resistless

• silver nanostructures could be achieved. To address these issues AgO2Me2Bu was compared to another carboxylate compound. Silver pentafluoropropionate [Ag(µ-O2CC2F5)]2 (AgO2F5Prop) provides for a similar evaporation temperature and electron-beam sensitivity but also for slightly higher gas flux and

• stability leading to deposits of high silver contents [27]. This makes it ideally suited for a comparative study elucidating the deposition behavior of such carboxylate compounds. Depositions varying beam and current and dwell times were investigated concerning their morphology and composition. Finally

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• ), respectively, which may originate from the presence of citric acid or polydopamine. The residual ether-type functional groups can be observed via C–O vibrational band at 1115 cm−1 (IX). The strong band at 1572 cm−1 (VI) could be attributed to a carboxylate C–O–Fe bond, which confirms covalent bonding between

Electron interaction with copper(II) carboxylate compounds

• Michal Lacko,
• Peter Papp,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Edward Szłyk and
• Štefan Matejčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 384–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.38

• Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.9.38 Abstract In the present study we have performed electron collision experiments with copper carboxylate complexes: [Cu2(t-BuNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], [Cu2(s-BuNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], [Cu2(EtNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], and [Cu2(µ-O2CC2F5)4]. Mass spectrometry was

• both the carboxylate ligands and/or the amine ligands from the complexes. Moreover, the fragmentation of the ligands themselves is visible in the mass spectrum below m/z 140. For the studied complexes the metallated ions containing both ligands, e.g., Cu2(O2CC2F5)(RNH2)+, Cu2(O2CC2F5)3(RNH2)2+ confirm

• studied for the first time on the following copper(II) pentafluoropropionate derivatives: [Cu2(t-BuNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], [Cu2(s-BuNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], [Cu2(EtNH2)2(µ-O2CC2F5)4], and [Cu2(µ-O2CC2F5)4] (Figure 1). The carboxylate copper(II) complexes with tert-butylamine ([Cu2(t-BuNH2)2(µ-O2CR)4], where R

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• shell coated with an amphiphilic polymer and functionalised with carboxylate. The QDs have an emission maxima of 655 nm. Xu et al. reported that the hydrodynamic diameter of the nanoparticles is 14.55 ± 4.157 nm and the zeta potential is −35.1 mV [51]. The stock solution was prepared at a concentration

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• such as plasmonics, suitable precursors which allow the deposition of desired materials have to be identified. Well known for its plasmonic properties, silver represents an interesting candidate for FEBID. For this purpose the carboxylate complex silver(I) pentafluoropropionate (AgO2CC2F5) was used for

• (AgO2CC2F5), for silver FEBID based on reported successful chemical vapor deposition (CVD) experiments yielding silver films at moderate temperatures of around ≤200 °C [16]. This carboxylate compound showed to be susceptible to electron-induced dissociation, but it requires thermal conditions outside the

• (version 1.2.0). Results and Discussion The depositions were conducted at substrate temperatures of 160 °C. In contrast to typical FEBID experiments, the gas injection system (GIS) had to be heated to 175 °C. The high GIS temperatures assured sufficient evaporation of the carboxylate compound, while the

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

• Leo Sala,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Céline Dablemont,
• Anne Lafosse and
• Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

• fragmentation of the precursor for leaving deposited material of desired composition. Here a new class of copper precursors is studied following an approach that probes some surface processes involved in the fragmentation of precursors. We use complexes of copper(II) with amines and perfluorinated carboxylate

• the four perfluorinated carboxylate ligands. The use of lightly bound amine and carboxylate ligands gives complexes that are stable in gel form under ambient conditions but yield a copper purity from 60% to 80% in CVD. In these CVD studies, the sublimation of the full complexes was observed to be

• carboxylate ligands, one can anticipate the ease of removal of the lightly bound amine ligands. In addition, the carboxylate ligands could favourably drive the precursor dissociation to the release of CO2 fragments, known to be a general product of electron impact on carboxylic acids [9][10]. These

CdSe nanorod/TiO₂ nanoparticle heterojunctions with enhanced solar- and visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Fakher Laatar,
• Hatem Moussa,
• Halima Alem,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Emilien Girot,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Hatem Ezzaouia and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2741–2752, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.273

• zero charge of the TiO2 nanoparticles is at ≈6.5 [53] and the pKa of the acid function of RhB is 3.7. At pH ≥ 9, the weak photocatalytic activity probably originates from the strong repellency between the carboxylate function of RhB and the negatively charged catalyst. At pH 3, the positively charged

• RhB exhibits only a modest affinity for the positively charged catalyst. At pH values ranging from 5 to 8, RhB may associate to the photocatalyst either via interaction involving the carboxylate function or the positively charged diethylamino groups. Visible light photocatalytic activity of the CdSe

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• determined that methyl-terminated SAMs do not react with activated PDMS and are therefore inert to lift-off. Terminal functional groups that are “CLL compatible” include hydroxyl, amino, carboxylate, and phosphonate moieties, such that these groups react with oxidized PDMS and are lifted off [1][10][11

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• acid ligands were also deposited as films. The authors report that the carboxylate moieties enabled ligand removal at low sintering temperatures (150 °C) so that nanoparticles coalesced and formed a continuous layer with conductivities between 39.2 and 47.6 S/cm [46]. The ω-functionalities of surface

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• coordination polymer in the solid state as evidenced by single crystal X-ray structure analysis. The coordination geometry at Ag+ is of the [3 + 1] type, whereby the carboxylate anions act as bridging ligands. The formation of PPh3–Ag(I) coordinative bonds results in distorted T-shaped AgPO2 units, which are

• O2CCH2OMe− is generated, further following the first fragmentation route. However, at 1.3 eV the initial step is decarboxylation giving [AgCH2OMe(PPh3)], followed by Ag–P and Ag–C bond cleavages. Keywords: DFT; DSC; FEBID; silver(I) carboxylate; solid-state structure; TGA; Introduction Focused electron

• silver(I) carboxylate [{AgO2CCH2OMe}n] (1), which gives [{AgO2CCH2OMe(PPh3)}n] (2), when treated with equimolar amounts of PPh3 (Scheme 1). Coordination polymers 1 and 2 are colorless solids, which are stable towards air and moisture and hence can be safely handled under aerobe conditions. Silver

Application of visible-light photosensitization to form alkyl-radical-derived thin films on gold

• Rashanique D. Quarels,
• Xianglin Zhai,
• Neepa Kuruppu,
• Jenny K. Hedlund,
• Ashley A. Ellsworth,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Jayne C. Garno and
• Justin R. Ragains

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1863–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.187

• have to be small relative to the number of decyl radicals or decane molecules deposited in the film. The presence of the oxygen-containing ions also indicates that some of the deposited layer may be bound to the substrate via Au–carboxylate (CO2–Au) bonds [67][68] which have also been observed in the

Synthesis and functionalization of NaGdF₄:Yb,Er@NaGdF₄ core–shell nanoparticles for possible application as multimodal contrast agents

• Dovile Baziulyte-Paulaviciene,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas,
• Marius Stasys,
• Greta Jarockyte,
• Vilius Poderys,
• Simas Sakirzanovas and
• Ricardas Rotomskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1815–1824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.183

• peaks of oleate ligands. The absorption peak at 1710 cm−1 (Figure 3f) corresponds to the stretching vibration of C=O in pure oleic acid (Figure 3a) which is replaced by two carboxylate stretching bands (1560 and 1447 cm−1 in Figure 3e), which indicates oleate ligand adsorption on the UCNP surface. Tween

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

• Arūnas Jagminas,
• Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas and
• Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

• has been previously reported, such frequency downshift is due to the direct interaction of the carboxylate group of the amino acid with the NP surface [43]. We also suspect that the appearance of the significantly stronger symmetric vibration mode in the FTIR spectrum of gold decorated NPs at 1515 cm