Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• nanoparticles can enhance the properties of both polar and nonpolar fluids. In the current paper, dispersions of nanoparticles were carried out in hydrocarbon and aqueous-based fluids using molecular dynamic simulations (MDS). The MDS results have been validated using the autocorrelation function and previous

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• deprotection step leading to the formation of nanogel with zwitterionic groups according to our earlier published procedure [25]. Characterization of nanogels DLS and zeta potential measurements were performed with dispersions of PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG nanogels in PBS buffer at pH 4, 4.5, 4.7, 5.5, and 7.4 (1

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• final dispersions were filtered through grade-3 filter paper [44][45]. The pH determination was performed using a pHmeter calibrated with buffer solutions. The relative density of the extract was determined using a pycnometer calibrated at 20 °C in a controlled temperature environment (20 °C). To

• suitable amount of PVP was dissolved in 3 mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, and P407 was dissolved in 2 mL of the same solvent. After obtaining the individual dispersions, the P407 was poured onto the PVP, magnetically stirred for 10 min, and this mixture was poured onto the PVA under magnetic stirring for

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• , Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.13.2 Abstract Sputter deposition of atoms onto liquid substrates aims at producing colloidal dispersions of small monodisperse ultrapure nanoparticles (NPs). Since sputtering onto liquids combines the advantages of the physical vapor deposition technique and classical

• monodisperse particles and provided a mathematical model for fitting the kinetic curves [89]. As a result, it was applied to any colloidal system, including colloidal dispersions of metal NPs, and finally was considered as “overcited” [90]. In reality, this mechanism describes very well the formation of sulfur

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• permeabilization [10], in turn improving the bactericidal activity of the drug, too. For biological applications, it is essential for IONPs to be stabilized with the help of stabilizing agents [11][12]. This helps to reduce the nanoparticle toxicity and facilitates the synthesis of stable nanoparticle dispersions

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• disproportionation reaction of Na2S2O3 in presence of concentrated H2SO4 [57]. Raffo sols are stable, aqueous colloidal dispersions of SO3−-capped sulfur NPs in the 100–500 nm range and could be readily assembled with other compounds such as cathode materials. Yet, this fabrication route of sulfur cathodes appears

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• molecules in aqueous dispersions of AgNPs are presented. The influence of temperature on the enhancement effect is discussed with respect to the supramolecular structure of water. Results and Discussion Characterisation of silver nanoparticles This article presents the SERS effect of water in aqueous

• dispersions of AgNPs. The AgNPs were synthesized according to the protocol proposed by Frank et al. [36]. Two types of nanoparticles were obtained: AgNPs blue and AgNPs yellow, which were labelled according to the colour (compare the UV–vis spectra shown in Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1). High

• Raman spectra for pure water and aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles were performed at room temperature (see Figure 2). Polarised Raman measurements were carried out in x(y,y)z (parallel) and x(y,x)z (perpendicular) configurations. All spectra were normalised to the total integral intensity

ZnO and MXenes as electrode materials for supercapacitor devices

• Ameen Uddin Ammar,
• Ipek Deniz Yildirim,
• Feray Bakan and
• Emre Erdem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 49–57, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.4

• [33]. Fan et al. synthesized MXene/holey graphene (HGO) films, to be used as electrode material in supercapacitors, through the filtration of alkalized MXene and HGO dispersions. The prepared material, when used as a composite film electrode for supercapacitors, showed a high volumetric capacitance of

Effect of different silica coatings on the toxicity of upconversion nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Helena Oliveira and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 35–48, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.3

• , UCNPs in aqueous dispersions undergo minor disintegration, which also results in the quenching of their luminescence intensity [8][10][18][19][20][21][22][23]. This concentration-dependent effect is especially significant when the dispersions are highly diluted [8][19][22], when the pH value is low [22

• (pore size: 0.2 µm, Rotilab). Nylon filters were used for particles dispersed in cyclohexane and ethanol, whereas regenerated cellulose filters were used for particles dispersed in water or DMEM. Zeta potential measurements of the dispersions in ethanol and water were carried out using capillary zeta

• silica-coated UCNPs and for the UCNP cores was obtained. The dispersions were kept at 37 °C for 24 h, and centrifuged with centrifuge tubes containing membrane filters (Amicon ultracentrifuge, low-binding ultracel membrane, 3000 molecular weight cutoff (MWCO)) for 2 h at 3080g. Aliquots were diluted in

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• was obtained by dialysis and vacuum drying successively as above. This difunctionalized CNT carrier was named CNTs-PEG-PEI. Characterization of nanocarriers Different aqueous dispersions of SWCNTs were dispersed onto holey carbon film on copper grids. The sample morphologies were observed by

• (AFM) measurements, different SWCNT dispersions (ethanol/ultrapure water = 1:1) with a concentration of 0.01% were dripped on freshly cleaved mica and observed using an AFM (Dimension Icon, Bruker AXS). Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency An amount of 50 mg of different SWCNT samples were

• . Moreover, their length is much shorter than that of the raw SWCNTs, also being consistent with the TEM observations. The above results prove that the raw SWCNTs were shortened by the acid treatment, together with an improvement of the dispersion state. Thus, highly stable dispersions of individual CNTs can

Cu₂O nanoparticles for the degradation of methyl parathion

• Juan Rizo,
• David Díaz,
• Benito Reyes-Trejo and
• M. Josefina Arellano-Jiménez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1546–1555, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.137

• indicate Miller indices obtained from powder diffraction file (PDF) 74-1230. Color powders for the three different sizes as well as their color in aqueous dispersions with a concentration of 7.5 × 10−4 M. a) HRTEM image of typical Cu2O NP used in degradation of MP. Particle average size in the range of 16

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• power impinging on the sample was between 5 and 10 mW, the spatial resolution was 2 cm−1 and the spot size was ≈1 µm2. The samples were recorded from drops of the dispersions deposited on clean silicon wafers and left to dry under vacuum. The chemical composition of the samples was investigated using X

Wet-spinning of magneto-responsive helical chitosan microfibers

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johanna Michel,
• Naiana Suter,
• Matheus Grande de Aguiar and
• Michael Maas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 991–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.83

• IOP dispersions in 1% acetic acid using a dynamic light scattering device (ZetaSizer NanoSP, Malvern, United Kingdom). Preparation of chitosan microfibers with IOPs A coagulation bath containing absolute ethanol (VWR, Darmstadt, Germany) was prepared in a polyethylene terephthalate glycol tube (MOCAP

Nickel nanoparticles supported on a covalent triazine framework as electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reactions

• Secil Öztürk,
• Yu-Xuan Xiao,
• Dennis Dietrich,
• Beatriz Giesen,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jie Ying,
• Xiao-Yu Yang and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 770–781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.62

• in a glovebox for 12 h. The mass of the nickel precursor was set to yield 0.5 or 1.0 wt % metal nanoparticles in IL, whereas 1.0 wt % CTF was used for all syntheses in IL dispersions. This dispersion was placed in a microwave (CEM Discover) and irradiated with a power of 50 W to 230 °C for 10 min

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• crucial to exfoliate MoO3 for improved performance in a variety of applications. Liquid-phase exfoliation (LPE) has been shown to be an effective technique for obtaining dispersions of two-dimensional materials. It also offers the advantages of low cost and scalability [2]. The LPE process is initiated

• dimethylformamide are the best solvents [10]. The high boiling point of these dispersions (bp > 150 °C) restrict the usage in flexible devices along with issue that these solvents are also toxic (NFPA 704 health code above 2 [11]). There are reports in literature where MoO3 has been exfoliated in solvents with low

• boiling point, such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) [5]. Alternative approaches for obtaining MoO3 dispersions in low boiling point solvents have also been reported. For instance, Alsaif et al. have exfoliated MoO3 in mixtures of water and alcohols (methanol, ethanol, IPA) [12]. In these dispersions molybdenum

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• diffusion and hydrodynamic forces for the flow of these aqueous NP dispersions and additional frictional forces in the NP flow path due to the soft and uneven surface of the hydrogel channels. This size-dependent flow behavior of aqueous NP solutions within soft biomimetic channels is a key finding in terms

• experimental results. A computational analysis was conducted for nanofluid flow through an unbent cylindrical hydrogel channel to further confirm the applicability and accuracy of our experimental results. Two aqueous dispersions of 0.07 mmol PVP/0.005 mmol PEI-coated iron oxide NPs (size: 144 nm) of inlet

• for understanding the mechanisms of NP transport in physiological microenvironments with pHEMA hydrogel channels are the first of its kind, to the best of our knowledge. We discovered that the flow trajectory of aqueous NP dispersions was greatly influenced by the Brownian forces, surrounding fluid

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

• surfaces of the HDPE/GnP nanocomposites with 5.52 vol % GnPs are shown in Figure 1d, Figure 1e, and Figure 1f to compare their structures. All types of GnPs were randomly and homogeneously distributed throughout the HDPE matrix where these layers separated the GnP nanoflakes. Two different dispersions of

Small protein sequences can induce cellular uptake of complex nanohybrids

• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Malak Safi,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Fadi Aldeek,
• Johannes Ostermann,
• Tatiana Domitrovic,
• Sebastian Gärtner,
• John E. Johnson,
• Horst Weller and
• Hedi Mattoussi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2477–2482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.238

• the bound MBP stays functional [8][23][28]. Further details are available in Supporting Information File 1. After confirming the structural integrity and colloidal stability of the nanohybrids, we then proceeded to probe their interactions with HeLa cell cultures. For this, dispersions made of

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• narrow PDI value of sample C1_5S. The z-average value exceeds the average diameter derived from TEM by (17 ± 5)%. The dispersion has a high colloidal stability due to the highly negative zeta potential of the particles, which is typical for silica dispersions from Stöber-like growth processes containing

• (pore size: 0.2 µm; materials: nylon or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) for particles dispersed in cyclohexane and nylon or regenerated cellulose for particles dispersed in ethanol, Rotilab). Zeta potential measurements of the aqueous dispersions were carried out with a Zetasizer Nano ZS in capillary

• the UCNP samples, 1 mL of the dispersions (c = 5 g/L in cyclohexane for the oleate-coated UCNPs or in ethanol for the silica-coated UCNP) was dried. The dried particles were dissolved in 1 mL of aqua regia for at least 30 min and diluted with at least 5 mL of ultrapure water. The measurements were

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• in tumor and healthy cell lines. The formulations prepared from solid dispersions stored at 25 °C containing P407, C974P and CUR displayed viscoelastic properties, plastic behavior with rheopexy at body temperature (which provides better retention), and increased mucoadhesive force due to the

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• particle dispersions during storage and in final products are (1) an unchanged crystalline structure of the particle matrix and (2) the quantitative proof of remaining existence/presence of particles. The created crystalline structure should primarily remain in the unordered state for firm inclusion of

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• distribution calculated using the BJH method. The PL spectra of 2-S0, 2-S0.5, 2-S2, 2-S3 and 2-S5 using an excitation wavelength of λex = 300 nm. ESR spectra of radical adducts trapped by DMPO in 2-S0 (a, e), 2-S2 (b, f), 2-S3 (c, g), and 2-S2 (d, h) dispersions: (a, b, c, d) DMPO–•OH formed in aqueous

• dispersions, (e, f, g, h) DMPO–•O2− formed in methanol dispersion. The unit cell parameters a, c and the c/a value for S-doped (001)-TiO2 at 250 °C. Position of the FTIR absorption peaks and the corresponding vibrational modes. The chemical states (CSs) of Ti, O and S and the corresponding binding energies

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• ), were synthesized and grafted on the surface of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for microbubble-mediated imaging and therapeutic purposes. The size and stability of the dendronized IONPs (IONP@CnX2n+1OEG8Den) in aqueous dispersions were monitored by dynamic light scattering. The investigation of the

• into the phospholipid shell of the MBs. OEG chains were selected in order to improve the dispersibility of the IONPs in water [27][28]. Dendritic phosphonates are effective anchoring agents due to the covalent PO–metal bonds that stabilize aqueous dispersions of IONPs [27][29]. Such dendronized IONPs

• rapidly onto the interface, as indicated by the instant reduction of the interfacial tension σ by ≈4 mN m−1 (from 72 to 68 ± 0.5 mN m−1, Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3). The concentration of Fe in the IONP dispersions was varied from 10−4 to 10−1 mol L−1. The variations of the interfacial

Preservation of rutin nanosuspensions without the use of preservatives

• Pascal L. Stahr and
• Cornelia M. Keck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1902–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.185

• , bulk suspensions containing 5% (w/w) rutin and 1% (w/w) surfactant were prepared. The pre-dispersions were homogenized with a high-speed stirrer (D-27, Miccra GmbH, Germany) at 24,000 rpm for 5 min in continuous mode and were subsequently subjected to HPH (20 cycles at 1500 bar). During homogenization