Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• quite significantly from spider silk fibers regarding diameter and material properties (e.g., Young’s modulus). In this work, we present a theoretical model of the interaction of nanofibers with a sinusoidal surface based on an energy approach. This model allows for a prediction of the adhesive

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• material properties on propolis adhesion, further adhesion experiments were performed. The morphology of real mandibles including the microstructures were successfully replicated in mandible replica made from Spurr’s epoxy resin (Figure 11A). Propolis adhesion was subsequently tested on these replicated

Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

• Vahid Ebrahiminejad,
• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 629–640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.55

• characteristics such as operating temperature, axial force range, and embossing time depend on material properties, geometrical size, and complexity, requiring multiple optimization studies. MN arrays must be capable of being handled without risk of damage and must penetrate the skin with low force to the

• the elemental density, which in turn reduces the overall time step by increasing the time required for a sound wave to traverse the smallest elements. Table 1 summarizes the material properties used for the individual components in the insertion simulation. Results and Discussions Design and

Quantitative dynamic force microscopy with inclined tip oscillation

• Philipp Rahe,
• Daniel Heile,
• Reinhard Olbrich and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 610–619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.53

• for the investigation of in-plane material properties, such as the in-plane shear modulus [16]. Last, the influence of the inclination between oscillation direction and surface plane has been used in lateral force microscopy to determine the probe oscillation amplitude [17]. Here, we extend the

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• nanomaterials can be obtained by combining ZnO with metal NPs, thus integrating the material properties of both components and resulting in new and enhanced properties that are not obtainable from the single component nanoparticles. Recent studies showed that ZnO properties can be tuned and improved when

Effect of sample treatment on the elastic modulus of locust cuticle obtained by nanoindentation

• Chuchu Li,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Hamed Rajabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 404–410, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.33

• : biomimetics; cuticle; locust; material properties; mechanical testing; nanoindentation; water content; Introduction Cuticle is a lightweight material that forms the whole exoskeleton of insects, from the flexible intersegmental membrane to the stiff jaws and claws. Cuticle of each insect body part has

Cantilever signature of tip detachment during contact resonance AFM

• Devin Kalafut,
• Ryan Wagner,
• Maria Jose Cadena,
• Anil Bajaj and
• Arvind Raman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1286–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.96

• (e.g., ten in simulations of Figure 1 and Figure 3) to few or one (e.g., the first basis function of state variables and ). Tip–sample detachment is detrimental to CR-AFM measurements and imaging. Techniques that attempt to use cantilever amplitude to predict material properties depend on a unique

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• . Finally, the Grüneisen parameter (γ) and the Debye temperature (θD) have been predicted with a temperature variation at zero pressure. These TD parameters have practical importance and are two of the most important thermodynamic parameters linked to the various material properties. The Grüneisen parameter

A new method for obtaining model-free viscoelastic material properties from atomic force microscopy experiments using discrete integral transform techniques

• Berkin Uluutku,
• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1063–1077, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.79

• unbounded inputs traditionally used to acquire force–distance relationships in AFM, such as ramp functions, in which the cantilever position is displaced linearly with time for a finite period of time. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; force spectroscopy; material properties; viscoelasticity

• ; Introduction Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a prominent technique for investigating material properties at the micro- and the nanoscale [1][2][3], within which a wide variety of instruments, probes, and analysis techniques have been developed to attempt meaningful material property extraction [4][5][6][7][8

• single Voigt unit plus a residual spring within the generalized Voigt model (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2, Equation S42), which contains one characteristic retardation time τ. The material properties for this model are provided in Table 1. To calculate the material retardance and

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• biosensors, micropumps, microfluidic chips, and microelectronic devices. The choice of manufacturing techniques for microneedles is dependent on material properties, fabrication cost, and desired height and shape of the microstructure. Hollow microneedles can actively deliver drugs into the skin, but due to

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• material properties, the bar shape along the transmitting coil proposed by the team could generate greater torque, and the proposed model could be controlled or rotated by the direction of the external magnetic field. In addition, compared to the square-shaped PG microrobot, the star-shaped PG microrobot

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• principles of attachment pads with a special focus on insects, describe micro- and nanostructures, surface patterns, origin of different pads and their evolution, discuss the material properties (elasticity, viscoelasticity, adhesion, friction) and basic physical forces contributing to adhesion, show the

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• applications using the highest doses (many orders of magnitude higher than the largest dose shown in Figure 1c) are milling and gas-assisted ion beam-induced deposition. Review 1 Defect engineering The use of the HIM as a source of localized helium ion irradiation with which to tune material properties through

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• devices by design, that is, to tailor both material properties and device geometries according to a sophisticated blueprint. Thin layers and two-dimensional (2D) materials are especially interesting candidates for designer materials [1] as they are compatible with planar device geometries and may be

• -step process without the need of potential contaminants, such as the resists used in lithographic approaches. For conventional gallium (Ga) ion beams the achievable minimum feature sizes are still limited to approx. 10 nm [2], and Ga implantation may cause unwanted modification of material properties

• unwanted side effects, such as carbonized edges that may change local material properties. Furthermore, locally varying sputter rates and increased minimum doses for sufficient material removal and increased heat damage may occur. All samples that are inert under oxidizing atmosphere should be cleaned in

The nanomorphology of cell surfaces of adhered osteoblasts

• Christian Voelkner,
• Mirco Wendt,
• Regina Lange,
• Max Ulbrich,
• Martina Gruening,
• Susanne Staehlke,
• Barbara Nebe,
• Ingo Barke and
• Sylvia Speller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 242–256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.20

• current error appears counterintuitive regarding the material properties. However, considering the fin or springboard morphology of ruffles, the elasticity may not result from changes of material properties only but also from the flexible shape. Thus, the extremely low error probably points towards lower

Determination of elastic moduli of elastic–plastic microspherical materials using nanoindentation simulation without mechanical polishing

• Hongzhou Li and
• Jialian Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 213–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.17

• structures require material characterization. The materials properties are not affected by the geometry of the specimen, but the Oliver–Pharr procedure to obtain material properties will vary depending on the geometry of the specimen. There has been no reliable theoretical and experimental method to evaluate

• /σy = 10 and E/σy = 20, respectively. The results show that when the actual contact depth is replaced with the contact height, the material properties of microsphere depend on E/σy. Therefore, the contact height is unsuitable to be used to replace the contact depth. Figure 5 shows the final depth hF

Design of V-shaped cantilevers for enhanced multifrequency AFM measurements

• Mehrnoosh Damircheli and
• Babak Eslami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1525–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.135

• sample in air. R is the tip radius and Eeff is the effective elastic modulus between tip and sample. The material properties used in this simulation are shown in Table 1. The effects of length (L), overall width (b), the width of each leg () and the thickness (t) of the cantilever are optimized. In each

• surface. The second sample is a polymer blend of PS and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) (HarmoniX sample purchased from Bruker) in order to challenge the cantilevers with more similar material properties. Figure 13a–c shows height or topography images of the Au–PS sample imaged in bimodal AFM using a

• forces (i.e., van der Waals forces) and short-range repulsive forces (i.e., DMT model) while experimental work was done purely in the repulsive regime, in which material properties are more dominant on the dynamics of the cantilever. It should also be mentioned that the since all simulation studies were

Controlling the proximity effect in a Co/Nb multilayer: the properties of electronic transport

• Sergey Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor Soloviev,
• Andrey Schegolev,
• Roman Morari,
• Yury Khaydukov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1336–1345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.118

• from both sides, leading to two independent parameters, γBSF and γBFS. The ratio between these parameters, γ = ρSξS/ρFξF, is a suitable parameter to understand the physics of the system, since it depends only on the material properties. In our calculations we put the origin of the x axis at the free

Revealing the local crystallinity of single silicon core–shell nanowires using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Marius van den Berg,
• Ardeshir Moeinian,
• Arne Kobald,
• Yu-Ting Chen,
• Anke Horneber,
• Steffen Strehle,
• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1147–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.99

• that polarized excitation Raman spectroscopy is useful to distinguish hydrogenated nano-crystalline silicon films (nc-Si) from a-Si and c-Si areas [24]. Although, Raman spectroscopy is an overall powerful tool to characterize the material properties of Si, this technique requires still an improvement

Vibration analysis and pull-in instability behavior in a multiwalled piezoelectric nanosensor with fluid flow conveyance

• Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1072–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.92

• edge and clamped-simply supported edge, respectively. The material properties of the different layers of aluminum (Al) nanoshell and piezoelectric layers (PZT-4) are shown in Table 2 and Table 3, respectively [18][20]. The other bulk and surface geometrical parameters of FC-MWPENS are shown in Table 4

Extracting viscoelastic material parameters using an atomic force microscope and static force spectroscopy

• Cameron H. Parvini,
• M. A. S. R. Saadi and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 922–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.77

• microscopy (AFM) techniques have provided and continue to provide increasingly important insights into surface morphology, mechanics, and other critical material characteristics at the nanoscale. One attractive implementation involves extracting meaningful material properties, which demands physically

• accurate models specifically designed for AFM experimentation and simulation. The AFM community has pursued the precise quantification and extraction of rate-dependent material properties, in particular, for a significant period of time, attempting to describe the standard viscoelastic response of

• are clearly visible in the dataset, continuum models may be necessary to capture all of the deformation complexity. Using either technique, the goal remains to create a physically accurate model of the sample, and use experimental data to quantify meaningful material properties. Lopez et al. [17

Hexagonal boron nitride: a review of the emerging material platform for single-photon sources and the spin–photon interface

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Faraz A. Inam,
• Shin-ichiro Sato and
• Alberto Boretti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 740–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.61

• . However, the PL is not sufficient to univocally identify the type of defects, while the correlation with material properties and SPEs should be performed. In [114] h-BN the quantum emission was correlated with the material’s local strain using a combination of PL, nanobeam electron diffraction, scanning

Stochastic excitation for high-resolution atomic force acoustic microscopy imaging: a system theory approach

• Edgar Cruz Valeriano,
• José Juan Gervacio Arciniega,
• Christian Iván Enriquez Flores,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Joel Moreno Palmerin,
• Martín Adelaido Hernández Landaverde,
• Yuri Lizbeth Chipatecua Godoy,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta,
• Rafael Ramírez Bon and
• José Martín Yañez Limón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 703–716, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.58

• material is larger than the cantilever stiffness. When the tip is out of contact, the resonance modes occur at specific frequencies, which depend on the geometrical and material properties of the cantilever. And when the tip touches the sample material, the frequencies of the resonance modes increase due

Comparison of fresh and aged lithium iron phosphate cathodes using a tailored electrochemical strain microscopy technique

• Matthias Simolka,
• Hanno Kaess and
• Kaspar Andreas Friedrich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 583–596, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.46

• additional mechanical (stiffness, elasticity), electrical (conductivity, surface potential), electrochemical (reactivity, mobility and activity), mechanoelectrical (piezoelectricity) and chemical (chemical bonding) material properties. In situ AFM imaging of the sample topography is often used to study the

• the influence of the material properties and preparation of fresh LFP samples on the ESM signal and showed that the material structure influences the electrochemical activity [44][45]. Eshghinejad et al. used LFP for the validation of their theoretical and modelling framework and demonstrated the

• might result from material stiffness or elasticity because these material properties influence the volume expansion. Harder materials are assumed to show a smaller surface displacement (and thus smaller volume expansion) than softer materials. Analysis of the elasticity of the cathode materials was

Interactions at the cell membrane and pathways of internalization of nano-sized materials for nanomedicine

• Valentina Francia,
• Daphne Montizaan and
• Anna Salvati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 338–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.25

• to recognize specific cells. However, it is still difficult to understand how the material properties affect the subsequent interactions and outcomes at cellular level. As a consequence of this, designing targeted drugs remains a major challenge in drug delivery. Within this context, we discuss the

• makes the characterization of the mechanisms by which nano-sized materials enter cells challenging. 2.2 Endocytosis of nanoparticles: effects of material properties As we described in the Introduction, the capacity of nano-sized objects to interact with the cellular machinery has opened up the