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Search for "membrane" in Full Text gives 491 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88
Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83
- types of molecules. It is now common to include vesicles originating from cells as being NPs. During the last decade there has been an amazing increase in studies of exosomes, small vesicles secreted by fusion of multivesicular bodies (late endosomes) with the plasma membrane of cells. Also, release of
- other types of vesicles, for instance from the plasma membrane, may play a role in the transfer of information between cells. For a list of various types of extracellular vesicles (EVs), see [5]. For therapeutic purposes, EVs may not only be loaded with drugs after the release from cells, but incubation
- phagocytes [7][8][9][10]). Endophilin is a player when it comes to both clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) and FEME, which is an endocytic mechanism induced by growth factors [7][8]. It should be noted that FEME is dependent on the formation of endophilin-positive assemblies on the plasma membrane, and this
Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80
- sensing membrane is accommodated between the contact of the metal gate and the insulator part. The carrier concentration in the body channel might change as a result of an accumulation, depletion, or inversion process when an external voltage is applied [51]. This results in the formation of a band
Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79
- to the ball bearings or internal fluid as the magnetic silicone had relatively weak attraction and was located at the furthest location from the magnetic trigger (NdFeB magnets). Without a strong bond between the silicone membrane and the internal magnetic materials, the actuator could not support
Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78
- , respectively (Table 1), which is acceptable for systemic administration. According to a review, these negative charges could reduce kidney excretion. The endothelial glycocalyx layer, glomerular basement membrane, and podocyte glycocalyx layer have negative charges, which filter positive nanoparticles faster
Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77
- the body [11][12][13]. In addition to all these structural units of bone, the outer surface of bones is covered with a thin fibrous membrane called the periosteum. The periosteum is a well-vascularized tissue, containing many blood vessels that penetrate the bone to nourish the bone cells and
Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75
- or passive transport across the cell membrane [12]. Excessive absorption by normal cells enables metal oxide nanoparticles to engage with various subcellular organelles, initiating diverse signaling pathways to generate a stress response within cells. This results in the production of free radicals
The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72
- insects, which provide feedback about substrate contact [37], usually occur solely on attachment pads with nubby microstructures and only rarely on smooth eupantulae [34]. The setae of mechanoreceptors are usually mounted in a flexible membrane, which also contains resilin [87]. The combination of a
Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63
- autoclave was allowed to cool and the solution was retrieved. After the synthesis, the solutions were filtered through a Büchner funnel equipped with a 200 nm nylon membrane (Whatman) [30] and centrifuged at 15000 rpm for 20 min. The process previously described was repeated modifying the chemical condition
Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55
- mammalian whiskers [79]. These bristles are hypothesized to act as tactile sensors and may aid in prey handling, collision avoidance, foraging, or navigation, as well as provide eye protection [80][81]. Bats are the only mammals capable of powered flight. Their wing membrane is covered with short hairs
- , which act as tactile airflow sensors [82][83]. The hairs grow sparsely on the membrane of the wing and in fringes on the wing’s leading edge. The neurons associated with these hairs can discriminate airflow directionality, and exhibit the highest firing rate when airflow is reversed, which is associated
- generation. The flagella of archaea and bacteria are themselves passive hairs and are driven by protein motors at the base. Hair-like ultrastructures, or mastigonemes, on eukaryotic flagella/cilia comprise helical glycoproteins (≈10–20 nm thick) and lack a membrane [106]. They can be either stiff or flexible
Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53
- cellulose acetate membrane with 200 nm pores. The process was concluded by drying to obtain the TiN nanosheets. The flowchart of the synthesis procedure is shown in Figure 1. The morphology of the exfoliated material was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with a Jeol JEM-2100 electron
Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49
- ]. Radiofrequency-induced hyperthermia has been confirmed to augment the permeability of the plasma membrane, facilitating the entry of drugs into tumor cells to kill them [28][29]. In this study, we present the synthesis of an intelligent TME-responsive nanomaterial, superparamagnetic ferric oxide nanoclusters
- increased the permeability of the cell membrane to improve the antitumor effects of CUR. Conclusion In this study, responsive CUR-Fe@MnO2 NFs were successfully synthesized, and it was demonstrated that RF heating improved antitumor effect of NFs in vitro. The combination of RF heating responsive nanoflowers
- (100 μM), in which the pH 5.0 + GSH + H2O2 was used as the simulated TME. CUR-Fe@MnO2 NFs (2 mg/mL, 1 mL) were placed inside a dialysis membrane (MWCO of 3500 Da) and subsequently added to 100 mL of different PBS solutions at 37 °C in a thermostatic shaker at 100 rpm (Shanghai JINGQI Instrument Co
Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46
- into targeted nanovesicles, its anti-inflammatory activity may be amplified towards extra-osseous and noncalcified target cells, such as severely irritated vascular endothelium. Here cytotoxicity, mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP content, and membrane fluidity of human endothelial venous cells
- following effects were induced in HUVECs after the endocytosis of ALN-loaded nanovesicles: (i) nanoARC and nanoARC(ALN) disordered the plasma membrane of HUVECs, whereas nanoARC-Chol did not (Figure 6A). The results were consistent with membrane disorganization observed in halophilic archaeolipids [37][38
- ] and the organizing role of cholesterol in archaeolipid bilayers [39]. The alteration in membrane order suggests that, after endocytosis, archaeolipids integrate into the plasma membrane of HUVECs. The endocytosis of ALN did not perturb the membrane organization. (ii) All formulations containing ALN
Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42
- was slowly added into 20 mL of tert-butanol (Merck-Millipore) and mixed with an ultrasonic cleaner (Creworks Co., Ltd.) at 40 kHz for 1 min. The mixed solution was filtered by suction filtration using a 0.2 μm filter membrane (Merck KGaA). The filtered solution was centrifuged at 10,000 rpm (Kubota Co
- prepared by the same method used in formulation F, except that the DCS nanocrystals were substituted with the commercial DCS powder. In vitro transdermal delivery study A Strat-M membrane (pore size = 450 nm, Merck KGaA) was mounted on a Franz diffusion cell (PermeGear). The receptor compartment contained
- 8 mL of deionized water. Approximately 1–1.35 mL of the transdermal formulations (Formulation tests 1–3 and A–E) were applied to the membrane over an area of 1 cm2 across the donor compartment. The donor cell was exposed to room temperature with 65% humidity and covered with Parafilm to prevent
Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39
- pentagonal structure is preserved even for small fragments of NWs that were split as a result of heat treatment as shown in Figure 7 (note that the fragments are kept in place due to contact with the thin carbon membrane of the TEM grid). These findings suggests that heat-induced morphological changes in Ag
Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36
- intracellular Ca2+ in cells and tissues. One of the most important criteria of anti-inflammatory drugs is the direct delivery to the inflamed tissue [96][97][98]. To increase the targeting ability, anti-inflammatory agents can be wrapped with a cell membrane camouflage technique [99][100][101]. For example, Ma
- et al. constructed carbon dot-SOD nanozymes and CD98 CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids encapsulated in a metal-organic framework (MOF), and then camouflaged it with macrophage membrane [102]. In this system, the macrophage membrane guided the encapsulated nanozymes and CD98 CRISPR/Cas9 plasmids to accumulate at
- pathophysiology of post-ischemic renal failure. Therefore, by coating with a neutrophil membrane, nanoantioxidants can be specifically delivered to kidneys with I/R injury. A majority of reported anti-inflammatory nanomaterials mainly focus on the degradation of ROS. However, nanomaterials possessing the
Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30
- lipophilicity indicator and the most critical parameter predictor of passive membrane permeability (which for BNZ is 0.9; a clogP value below 1.35 is indicative of low permeability) [29][55]. In contrast, others consider BNZ as a class-IV drug, this is, a poorly soluble and poorly permeable molecule [30] with
- implemented in India in the mid-1990s is an excellent example [61][62]. Amphotericin B binds to parasite ergosterol precursors, such as lanosterol, disrupting the parasite membrane. Since protozoan trypanosomatids such as Leishmania and Trypanosoma present ergosterol as a component of their membranes [63
Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27
- well as in biological systems. Since the cell membrane is negatively charged, the interaction between NPs and cell membrane or organelles can be highly influenced by the zeta potential. There is an increased interest in integrating data on metal oxides in the field of nanotoxicology that would be able
- biocompatibility on NP toxicity. These properties of NPs determine their toxicity and interaction with the cell membrane damaging human health and the environment [12]. The toxic effect of NPs can be used as a medical treatment for diseases at the cellular level, that is, targeting and destroying cancerous cells
- NPs and its influence on toxicity. Methods and Materials Dataset The study is based on two datasets, that is, dataset I (zeta potential) and dataset II (cell membrane damage). Dataset I consists of 18 metal oxide nanoparticles (MeOx NPs) with stoichiometries of MO, MO2, MO3, M2O3, and M3O4. This data
Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17
- and the glomerular basement membrane during glomerular filtration in the kidney [34]. Thus, it may be assumed that the half-life of our NPs in the bloodstream is longer than that of smaller NPs. In addition to the size of nanoparticles, negatively charged NPs are more likely to have an extended half
Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15
- thickness of the lipid magnetosome membrane, as well as on the value of the magnetic damping constant. At the same time, they are practically independent of the number Np of particles in the chain under the condition Np ≥ 10. The FMR spectra of non-oriented assemblies of magnetosome chains are compared with
- chains Np = 20, the particle diameter is D = 40 nm, the membrane shell thickness is Ten = 4 nm, and the magnetic damping constant is κ = 0.1. As Figure 2 shows, the greatest difference in the position of the FMR peaks for chains with different types of anisotropy is observed at angles θ ≤ 15°. In
- with E-type anisotropy (black dots) upon averaging partial FMR spectra of oriented assemblies over the angle θ. Partial FMR spectra at certain angles θ are shown in Figure 4a as solid colored curves. The number of particles in chains is Np = 20, the particle diameter is D = 40 nm, the membrane shell
Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10
- conditions. Modified Franz cells, equipped with a polyethersulfone membrane (Sigma-Aldrich) and with a diffusion area of 1.77 cm2 were used in the assays. A Microette (Hanson Research, USA) was used. The receptor compartment was filled with 7.0 mL of a receptor solution composed of 0.1 M phosphate buffer and
Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7
- study reported that BBR exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against MRSA by damaging the cell wall structure and membrane integrity and further changing the cell morphology in the concentration range of 64–256 mg/L [44]. Recently, Wu et al. [45] proposed a novel orientation on the antibacterial
Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4
- leishmaniasis. Additionally, this molecule produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevates cytosolic calcium. These occur in the exposure of phosphatidylserine to the outer plasma membrane leaflet and DNA fragmentation, causing the death of the leishmaniasis parasite [47][52]. Despite its promising
- these carriers with the macrophage membrane. As a result, the macrophages uptake the drug-loaded nanocarrier by phagocytosis, where they will directly act on the parasites [65][66][67]. Several types of nanosystems have been studied for carrying antileishmanial drugs, such as polymeric nanoparticles
Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2
- permeability through the cellular membrane by making a nanoemulsion of Curcuma longa extract (i.e., the curcumin plant source). The nanoemulsion showed an effect against adults of S. mansoni in vitro (especially males). This is an interesting finding because data from the literature reports that females are
- . mansoni in vivo. After that, the same group, in 2015, developed lipid nanocapsules positively charged (cationic) and tested them with and without oleic acid as a membrane permeabilizer in the composition. Both nanoformulations were able to reduce the whole treatment of schistosomiasis in mice to one
- infection [73]. Late in 2020, while cationic lipid nanocapsules were hemolytic [72], the same group tested lipid nanocapsules with oleic acid on the membrane and miltefosine (20 mg/kg) alone or combined with PZQ. They reported that nanosystems containing miltefosine with or without PZQ were potent (when
TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1
- submicrometer apertures were milled on SiN membranes using a focused ion beam. Furthermore, we have developed a new TEM sample preparation method, where we fabricated Py nanostructures on a bulk substrate with a SiN buffer layer and etched the substrate to create a thin SiN membrane under the Py nanostructure
- structure. The resist was patterned using an electron beam, which offers higher resolution than other sources (e.g., UV light) because of the smaller wavelength of electrons. Since the use of an ultrasonic bath will destroy the free-standing membrane, the undercut must be deliberately made larger to ensure
- information inside the sample. Results and Discussion Fabrication on a commercial SiN membrane Lift-off The lift-off procedure is described in Figure 1. We use PMMA and its copolymer as a positive resist to create a bilayer resist. The copolymer (AR-P 617.08) is a methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid
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