Ca_n neutral clusters: a two-step G₀W₀ and DFT benchmark

• Sunila Bakhsh,
• Sameen Aslam,
• Muhammad Khalid,
• Muhammad Sohail,
• Sundas Zafar,
• Sumayya Abdul Wadood,
• Kareem Morsy and
• Muhammad Aamir Iqbal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1010–1016, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.82

• predict the new ground-state structure of Be and Mg and successfully applied to obtain the correct IPs for these elemental clusters [15][16]. This comprehensive benchmark study will help to enhance our understanding of these fascinating nanostructures and lead to their real-world utilization in various

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• ] nanostructures. We also simulated Au and Pt NPs in aqueous solutions at 300 K, that is, close to room temperature. The interactions among the water molecules are described by the SPC/E model [66]. The interactions among the water molecules and the Au (Pt) atoms are calculated by the force field of Merabia et al

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• Cristiano Glessi Fabian A. Polman Cornelis W. Hagen Delft University of Technology, Fac. Applied Sciences, Dept. Imaging Physics, Lorentzweg 1, 2628CJ Delft, Netherlands 10.3762/bjnano.15.73 Abstract Direct fabrication of pure metallic nanostructures is one of the main aims of focused electron

• ) is a nanofabrication technique that allows for the direct writing of three-dimensional nanostructures [1][2][3]. In FEBID, a gaseous precursor, often an organometallic compound, is injected in the vacuum chamber of a scanning electron microscope (SEM), adsorbed on a substrate, and dissociated by a

• pure gold structures in a single process step using the co-injection of the precursor Au(tfac)Me2 and water. This inspired the present work, in which we aim for the direct deposition of high-purity Au and Pt nanostructures achieved through the co-injection of water and the precursors Au(acac)Me2 and

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• light scattering (DLS) is another technique that can be used to describe the hydrodynamic size or the aggregation of the nanoforms in larger nanostructures, depending on the medium and other conditions. In some cases, the size values reported in the papers are not measured on purpose, but are the

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• , confirmed the presence of Janus-type nanostructures. Results of molecular dynamics and TEM simulations show that the differences between the crystalline structures of the Pd and Ag regions observed in the TEM micrographs can be explained by small mismatches in the orientations of the two regions of the

Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• (FEBID). FEBID is an emerging method for the fabrication of 3D nanostructures. It relies on the local decomposition of precursors in the focal area of an electron beam [1][2][3][4]. In the case of deposition of metals, the interaction with the electrons should ideally lead to a cleavage of all metal

• represents perhaps the “cleanest” approach since it probes the reaction of one precursor molecule with at most one electron, without environmental influences (e.g., precursor–precursor or precursor–substrate effects). The possibility of making iron nanostructures is important mainly because of their magnetic

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• -cleaning [1], anti-corrosion [2], and antibacterial [3] coatings. Like other CuO nanostructures, thin films also show potential for applications in photovoltaic cells [4][5], lithium-ion batteries [6], supercapacitors [7], gas sensors [8], and biosensors [9]. Furthermore, the literature reports their

Level set simulation of focused ion beam sputtering of a multilayer substrate

• Alexander V. Rumyantsev,
• Nikolai I. Borgardt,
• Roman L. Volkov and
• Yuri A. Chaplygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 733–742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.61

• of the prepared boxes was 1 × 1 μm2, and the dwell time value was set at 4.9 ms. The number of the ion beam passes was varied from M = 1 to M = 3. This corresponded to ion fluences from 7.5·1017 to 2.3·1018 cm−2 and resulted in nanostructures with aspect ratios from approximately 1.0 to 1.7 in a

Elastic modulus of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires measured by resonance and three-point bending techniques

• Annamarija Trausa,
• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Tauno Tiirats,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Boris Polyakov and
• Edgars Butanovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 704–712, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.58

• , University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia Estonian Military Academy, Riia 12, 51010 Tartu, Estonia 10.3762/bjnano.15.58 Abstract Due to the recent interest in ultrawide bandgap β-Ga2O3 thin films and nanostructures for various electronics and UV device applications, it is important to understand

• dimensions, particularly at the lower resolution limit [18]. The low symmetry of monoclinic crystal systems, as in the β-Ga2O3 case, might promote the growth of nanostructures with different crystalline orientations, which often leads to the formation of nanostructures with various dimensions, such as NWs

• , studies by Luan et al. [23] have revealed the elastic anisotropy in β-Ga2O3, highlighting the strong directional dependence of Young’s modulus. Available studies hint that various factors could strongly influence the mechanical properties of Ga2O3 one-dimensional nanostructures, which merits to be

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• temperature rise for DTAB-AuNR and CTAB-AuNR was attained up to ≈11.3 and ≈9.9 °C, respectively. Discussion In this work, we adopted a seed-mediated approach to synthesize anisotropic nanostructures, viz., pillow shaped named as nanomakura (makura is a Japanese word meaning “pillow”). Surfactants belonging to

• different in terms of synthesis protocol and chemical constituents used. The main synthesis goal of this work was to study the effect of the carbon tail length of surfactants on the morphology of the synthesized nanostructures. Thus, keeping every parameter constant except the surfactant type during the

• reaction was paramount. The AgNO3 to ascorbic acid ratio was kept uniform in respective growth solutions containing CTAB, MTAB, and DTAB of the same concentration to facilitate longitudinal growth of the nanostructures. The disappearance of the yellow colour into a transparent growth solution upon

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

Exfoliation of titanium nitride using a non-thermal plasma process

• Priscila Jussiane Zambiazi,
• Dolores Ribeiro Ricci Lazar,
• Larissa Otubo,
• Rodrigo Fernando Brambilla de Souza,
• Almir Oliveira Neto and
• Cecilia Chaves Guedes-Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 631–637, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.53

• and Konstantin Novoselov in 2004 [1], the field of nanostructures has witnessed remarkable advancements. Various methods to fabricate graphene, such as mechanical and chemical exfoliation, combined with innovative characterization techniques, have enabled the preparation of diverse layered two

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• step edges. Keywords: Ag(100); intermolecular hydrogen bonds; one-dimensional aggregates; organic nanostructures; quinacridone; step-molecule interactions; vicinal surface; Introduction A versatile and powerful method to create nanostructures on surfaces is the self-assembly of atoms and molecules

• . Here, the physical and chemical properties of the substrate and the adsorbate are the key that can be tuned to create nanostructures that fit specific needs [1][2][3][4]. A research focus over the recent years has been the self-assembly of molecules or atoms into one-dimensional (1D) linear aggregates

• , which can be used to direct the growth of nanostructures of adsorbates. The adsorption at step edges, as opposed to that on the terraces in between, is often favored because the additional interactions between the adsorbate and the atoms of the step edge contribute to the adsorption energy Eads. This

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• nanostructures produced by FEBID are of interest for diverse applications including magnetic data storage devices [4][5][6], tips for magnetic force microscopy [4][7], or sensors [4][8]. The same applies to cobalt nanostructures, which can be prepared with high purity and shape fidelity using, in particular, the

• ) trifluoroacetylacetonate (Au(tfac)Me2) [16] or neopentasilane (Si5H12) [17] to produce Fe–Au alloy nanostructures and Fe–Si binary compounds, respectively. More recently, diiron nonacarbonyl (Fe2(CO)9) has received particular attention [5][6][18][19][20]. With this precursor and applying high beam energies, nanopillars

• electron beam-induced surface activation (EBISA) [24][25], it can compromise spatial control by the electron beam and selectivity when aiming for 3D nanostructures [3][26]. Strategies to suppress autocatalytic deposit growth are thus desirable to devise FEBID processes with optimum performance [27

Aero-ZnS prepared by physical vapor transport on three-dimensional networks of sacrificial ZnO microtetrapods

• Veaceslav Ursaki,
• Tudor Braniste,
• Victor Zalamai,
• Emil Rusu,
• Vladimir Ciobanu,
• Vadim Morari,
• Daniel Podgornii,
• Pier Carlo Ricci,
• Rainer Adelung and
• Ion Tiginyanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 490–499, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.44

• processes, including those related to oxygen species adsorbed by the huge surface of the aeromaterial, as previously observed in ZnS nanostructures [42]. Some of these states may be related to oxygen vacancies and complex centers. Under ambient conditions, some oxygen species from the air are adsorbed at

Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

• organics. However, when the size of the structures is reduced to the nanoscale, metals exhibit distinct behavior at elevated temperatures compared to their larger counterparts [20][21]. Generally, a reduction in the melting point occurs as the size and dimensionality of the nanostructures decrease [20][22

• for various novel applications where arrays of metal nanostructures are used, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates [36][37][38]. In this work, we deposited Ag NWs on specially patterned silicon (Si) substrates, so large fractions of NWs are partially suspended over the holes. Samples

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• biosensors are commonly made of LSPR materials [17]. With the development of synthesis techniques, numerous nanostructures of noble metals have been extensively studied to improve the intrinsic parameters of sensors. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit great performance in sensing applications owing to the

• presence of the fcc Ag lattice planes, we claim that Ag NPs-DES have been successfully synthesized [41]. The development of clusters into nanoparticles following our strategy is supported by the DES. DESs have been reported to be potential shape-controlling agents, and highly branched nanostructures were

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• structures. Although these structures may not be visible to the naked eye, they certainly have a visible impact on the mentioned applications. Nanopatterning is a very delicate procedure that is only possible with special techniques such as ion beam sputtering (IBS), with which one can achieve nanostructures

• observed [15], which may be achieved by altering the ion incidence angle [16]. However, there are some inconsistencies and replicability issues between the studies, which might mean that other experimental parameters might be important for the formation of these nanostructures. Computational studies have

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• [2]. WOx nanostructures, exhibiting high chemical and thermal stability, and structural flexibility, have obvious relevance in areas such as photocatalysis [22], electrochromism [23], supercapacitors [24], and lithium batteries [25] and have undergone extensive investigations during the last decades

• . In this respect, the use of glancing angle deposition (GLAD) to produce high-aspect-ratio nanostructures has certain advantages in terms of a wide range of structural possibilities (such as screws and helical or columnar structures) and reduced complexity (no templates involved) [26]. In addition

• in Figure S1a and Figure S1b (Supporting Information File 1), respectively, confirming the compact growth of the columnar nanostructures originating from the GLAD geometry [32]. Here, the higher thickness is presented only to demonstrate the columnar nanostructure formation in a clearer way. Based on

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• drug delivery systems to formulate more effective cancer treatments, thereby addressing the current limitations encountered within this field of study. Functional nanostructures have been designed to mitigate potential harm to healthy tissue caused by these techniques [6]. Additionally, they facilitate

• passive targeting and offer multimodal tumor therapy. In recent years, the use of nanotechnology-based cancer drugs has emerged as a promising alternative treatment approach. Utilizing various nanostructures as specific vehicles for drug delivery enhances efficacy and pharmacokinetic properties of

• nanostructures employed, particular emphasis has been placed on iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The biocompatibility and low toxicity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles have garnered significant attention in magnetic drug delivery for cancer diagnosis and treatment, primarily because of their magnetic properties [11][12

Quantitative wear evaluation of tips based on sharp structures

• Ke Xu and
• Houwen Leng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 230–241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.22

• nanotechnology [1][2][3][4][5]. Compared to optical and electron microscopy, AFM enables three-dimensional (3D) measurements of nanostructures in air and liquid environments [6]. The interaction between the tip and sample influences the measurement results of AFM by convoluting the tip topography with the sample

• topography images of standard nanoscale spherical particles and rectangular parallelepiped nanostructures of known shapes and to quantitatively estimate the shape of the tip by measuring the known nanostructures in advance. However, tip characterizers with fixed bodies present significant cost and

• analyze the shape of the tip, we use a probe to scan a TipCheck calibration sample and characterize its morphology. The TipCheck sample, provided by BudgetSensors, consists of a silicon chip sample with a wear-resistant thin film coating. The thin film coating exhibits granular and sharp nanostructures

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• , ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, BP 5133, 14070, Caen cedex 5, France Electron Microscopy Center, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the CAS, Vídenská 1083, 142 20, Prague, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.15.20 Abstract DNA origami nanostructures are emerging as a bottom-up

• nanopatterning approach. Direct combination of this approach with top-down nanotechnology, such as ion beams, has not been considered because of the soft nature of the DNA material. Here we demonstrate that the shape of 2D DNA origami nanostructures deposited on Si substrates is well preserved upon irradiation

• by ion beams, modeling ion implantation, lithography, and sputtering conditions. Structural changes in 2D DNA origami nanostructures deposited on Si are analyzed using AFM imaging. The observed effects on DNA origami include structure height decrease or increase upon fast heavy ion irradiation in

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• -beam bombardment, which initially introduces defects into the graphene structure and then knocks out carbon atoms, although the edges of the fabricated nanostructures remain rough after the process [11]. Other direct techniques, such as focused ion beam (FIB) milling with heavy Ga+ ions, are not

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• [39][40]. One of the main existing challenges in synthesizing QDs is to increase their photoluminescence efficiency while simultaneously shifting the photoluminescence maximum to longer wavelengths. Initial applications focused on OLEDs. CdSe/ZnS quantum dots are luminescent inorganic nanostructures

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• H2O2, we compared the peroxidase activity of the three NPLs at 652 nm. The catalytic activity of Ag NPLs, Pt NPLs, and Ag/Pt NPLs demonstrate the superiority of bimetallic NPLs over the others in terms of peroxidase-like catalytic activity. These nanostructures were successfully used to make a