Bacteriorhodopsin–ZnO hybrid as a potential sensing element for low-temperature detection of ethanol vapour

• Saurav Kumar,
• Sudeshna Bagchi,
• Senthil Prasad,
• Anupma Sharma,
• Ritesh Kumar,
• Rishemjit Kaur,
• Jagvir Singh and
• Amol P. Bhondekar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 501–510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.44

• ]. Figure 6 shows the FTIR spectra for the ZnO-TF and ZnO-NR structures, and their respective hybrid structures (ZnO-TF/bR and ZnO-NR/bR). Spectral analysis of the hybrid structures shows a shift in the frequency of the characteristic peaks of bR protein [63][64][65][66][67], which might be due to the

• scanning electron microscope (SEM, Hitachi) with an accelerating voltage of 5–15 kV. The film thickness was measured using a surface profilometer in contact mode (Taly-surf PGI 120). Raman and optical spectral analysis The optical absorption spectra of all the nanostructures were recorded using a UV–vis

• ). Photoluminescence spectral analysis for the ITO/ZnO-TF and ITO/ZnO-NR structures, and the respective hybrid structure for the structural analysis of the surface. Raman spectra. (a) ZnO-TF shows the characteristic peaks for ZnO at 467 cm−1, 563 cm−1 and 800 cm−1; (b) ZnO-TF/bR hybrid structure showing characteristic

Characterisation of thin films of graphene–surfactant composites produced through a novel semi-automated method

• Nik J. Walch,
• Alexei Nabok,
• Frank Davis and
• Séamus P. J. Higson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 209–219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.19

• largest of which is approximately 30 μm across. EDX spectral analysis (b) performed on a flake show a dominating peak of carbon while on the empty space (c) silicon is the dominant peak. This shows that the graphene flakes consist predominantly of carbon, with a few trace elements. Deposition of the first

Blue and white light emission from zinc oxide nanoforests

• Nafisa Noor,
• Luca Lucera,
• Thomas Capuano,
• Venkata Manthina,
• Alexander G. Agrios,
• Helena Silva and
• Ali Gokirmak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2463–2469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.255

• during the measurements. In order to understand the physical mechanisms that lead to light emission, a wideband (200–1100 nm) optical spectrometer with 1 nm resolution (Ocean Optics, HR2000+) coupled with an optical fiber was incorporated with the system for spectral analysis. The fiber tip was attached

• arrangement. The schematics of a typical measurement setup with a pulse generating unit (PGU). An optical spectrometer was used to perform spectral analysis with time resolution of ≥1 ms in the 200–1100 nm range. Frames extracted from high-speed videos showing light emission and changing percolation paths

Effects of spin–orbit coupling and many-body correlations in STM transport through copper phthalocyanine

• Benjamin Siegert,
• Andrea Donarini and
• Milena Grifoni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2452–2462, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.254

• should be observed at magnetic fields of a few teslas. The paper is organized as follows: We first derive a microscopic Hamiltonian for CuPc in the frontier orbital basis which includes exchange correlations and the SOI. This Hamiltonian is diagonalized exactly and used in further spectral analysis and

Green synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of natural bentonite-supported copper nanoparticles for the solvent-free synthesis of 1-substituted 1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles and reduction of 4-nitrophenol

• Akbar Rostami-Vartooni,
• Mohammad Alizadeh and
• Mojtaba Bagherzadeh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2300–2309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.236

• and washed with water and ethanol. The combined organic layers were washed with brine and dried over the anhydrous MgSO4 and concentrated and crystallized with EtOAc-hexane to give different tetrazoles. All compounds were known and were characterized by spectral analysis or melting points [14

Entropy effects in the collective dynamic behavior of alkyl monolayers tethered to Si(111)

• Christian Godet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 583–594, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.60

• modulation or dipole rotation [32][39][40][50]. In the following, the low dc bias situation is briefly recalled, before considering the effect of increasing the reverse bias, |VDC|, and the spectral analysis method. Dipolar relaxation at low applied bias Two classes of relaxation mechanisms, A and B, have

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of graphitic carbon nanomaterials doped with heteroatoms

• Toma Susi,
• Thomas Pichler and
• Paola Ayala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 177–192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.17

• work is still ongoing to identify its precise atomic bonding configurations. In general, care should be taken in the preparation of a suitable sample, consideration of the intrinsic photoemission response of the material in question, and the appropriate spectral analysis. If this is not the case

Accurate, explicit formulae for higher harmonic force spectroscopy by frequency modulation-AFM

• Kfir Kuchuk and
• Uri Sivan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 149–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.14

• harmonics to a convolution over Fts, have been derived [15][17], but existing methods to recover Fts from higher harmonics rely on spectral analysis of the AFM signal [18][19], and require the measurement of a significant number of harmonics to obtain reasonable accuracy [5][17]. Although measurement of all

Size-dependent density of zirconia nanoparticles

• Agnieszka Opalinska,
• Iwona Malka,
• Wojciech Dzwolak,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Adam Presz and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 27–35, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.4

• prepared for FTIR spectral analysis. FTIR commonly shows a strong infrared absorption around 3400 cm−1 that corresponds to stretching vibrations of the –OH bonds. Studies of the annealing effect on –OH groups on the nanoparticle surfaces are typically carried out in vacuum [19][27] since water vapor and

Determining cantilever stiffness from thermal noise

• Jannis Lübbe,
• Matthias Temmen,
• Philipp Rahe,
• Angelika Kühnle and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 227–233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.23

• analysis requires a sophisticated spectral analysis, we introduce a new method to determine kn from a spectral analysis of the demodulated oscillation signal of the excited cantilever that can be performed in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 1 kHz regardless of the eigenfrequency of the cantilever. We

• demonstrate that the latter method is in particular useful for noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) where the required simple instrumentation for spectral analysis is available in most experimental systems. Keywords: AFM; cantilever; noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM); Q-factor; thermal

• excitation; resonance; spectral analysis; stiffness; Introduction Noise as a result of thermal fluctuations is a ubiquitous phenomenon present in any physical system kept at a finite temperature. The seminal work of Nyquist established the simple framework of thermodynamic considerations for a quantitative

Thermal noise limit for ultra-high vacuum noncontact atomic force microscopy

• Jannis Lübbe,
• Matthias Temmen,
• Sebastian Rode,
• Philipp Rahe,
• Angelika Kühnle and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 32–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.4

• , Zurich, Switzerland) for spectral analysis. System C is a UHV 750 variable temperature STM/AFM with a PLLPro2 (software version 0.20.0) as the demodulator (RHK Technology, Inc., Troy, MI, USA). The light source is a laser source type 51nanoFCM (Schäfter+Kirchhoff GmbH, Hamburg, Germany) operated in the

Repulsive bimodal atomic force microscopy on polymers

• Alexander M. Gigler,
• Christian Dietz,
• Maximilian Baumann,
• Nicolás F. Martinez,
• Ricardo García and
• Robert W. Stark

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 456–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.52

• driven at two distinct frequencies. This effect can be used to measure mechanical sample properties with an AFM [9][31]. In bimodal force microscopy, a spectral analysis of the system response allows one to distinguish between stable (quasi-) periodic and chaotic regimes. The time series shown in Figure

Nano-FTIR chemical mapping of minerals in biological materials

• Sergiu Amarie,
• Paul Zaslansky,
• Yusuke Kajihara,
• Erika Griesshaber,
• Wolfgang W. Schmahl and
• Fritz Keilmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 312–323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.35

• and spectral analysis of the backscattered light is by an asymmetric Michelson interferometer that generates, by online Fourier transformation, infrared amplitude and phase spectra simultaneously; a switchable reference path ensures an absolute quantification of backscattering [3]. Note that while