Towards molecular spintronics

• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2464–2466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.245

• ) (DFG FOR 1154) was focused on the ultimate down-scaled functional unit which integrates the spintronic functionality into one single molecule. In our ambitious approach towards molecular spintronics we combined two interdisciplinary research fields based in otherwise disjunctive research communities

The interplay between spin densities and magnetic superexchange interactions: case studies of mono- and trinuclear bis(oxamato)-type complexes

• Azar Aliabadi,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Vladislav Kataev and
• Tobias Rüffer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2245–2256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.224

• , Faculty of Natural Sciences, TU Chemnitz, Strasse der Nationen 62, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.224 Abstract For future molecular spintronic applications the possibility to modify and tailor the magnetic properties of transition-metal complexes is very promising. One of such possibilities

• material that exhibits a slow relaxation of the magnetization below the blocking temperature. Oxamato-based SCMs, especially when equipped with further redox-switchable functionalities, are regarded as novel materials for the design of molecular spintronic devices [8][17][18]. Into such devices [21][22

• of spintronic devices in detail, we focused on the synthesis of type-III complexes as models of SMMs with the aim to deposit them as thin films on surfaces. Already in 2006, we reported on the deposition of thin films of a type-III complex by spin coating [27], although the surface roughness of the

Electronic structure, transport, and collective effects in molecular layered systems

• Torsten Hahn,
• Tim Ludwig,
• Carsten Timm and
• Jens Kortus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2094–2105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.209

• ferromagnetic Fe thin film exhibits pronounced spin dependence. These investigations suggest the possibility of versatile applications in spintronic devices. The calculations on model systems with gold contacts show that it is possible to obtain spin-polarized currents from both phthalocyanine-based devices

Spin-dependent transport and functional design in organic ferromagnetic devices

• Guichao Hu,
• Shijie Xie,
• Chuankui Wang and
• Carsten Timm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1919–1931, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.192

• phenomenon is explained by transmission and orbital analysis. These works show that organic ferromagnets are promising components for spintronic devices that deserve to be designed and examined in future experiments. Keywords: magnetoresistance; organic ferromagnet; spin-current rectification; spin

• hybridization may modify the organic interfacial spin polarization (SP), which has triggered the new concept of “organic spinterface” [5]. Recent experimental studies have demonstrated the reproduction of conventional spintronic devices using organic counterparts, e.g., magnetoresitive devices [6][7][8]. On the

• other hand, the search for novel functional organic materials remains of high interest for theorists and experimentalists. Organic ferromagnets (OFs), which combine ferromagnetic and organic properties, are particularly promising for the design of organic spintronic devices. OFs are mainly synthesized

(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications

• Lars Smykalla,
• Carola Mende,
• Michael Fronk,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Michael Hietschold,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1786–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.180

• , which enable a better potential to build molecular spintronic devices [4][5][6][7][8][9]. A crucial step and thus, a prerequisite for the reliable implementation of (metallo)porphyrin-based thin films in a device, is the understanding of the electrical response and local transport properties [10

• the integration of single-molecule magnets into spintronic or quantum computing devices [12]. For the design of such devices the knowledge of the photon energy at which the MOKE is largest in magnitude is of crucial importance. The number of reports on spectroscopic MOKE investigations are very

• particular applications by precisely tailoring adequate substituents [48][49]. Besides the high potential as building blocks for molecular spintronic devices [4][6][8][50], (metallo)porphyrins open new venues for the preparation of functional nano-architectures [51][52][53][54][55][56] that offer novel

Formation of ferromagnetic molecular thin films from blends by annealing

• Peter Robaschik,
• Ye Ma,
• Salahud Din and
• Sandrine Heutz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1469–1475, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.146

• their application in optoelectronic and spintronic devices [1][2]. One of the key physical properties determining the performance is crystallinity, which significantly influences electron/hole mobility and magnetic coupling [3][4]. We recently reported on an approach to achieve crystalline porphyrazine

• spintronic devices, especially on flexible substrates. Magnetic characterisation As expected from optical microscopy and XRD the β-MnPc film formed by annealing of the MnPc:TCNQ utilising a cover exhibits remarkable magnetic properties. Figure 4 shows magnetic hysteresis loops of a MnPc film on Kapton at

• remarkable ferromagnetic properties with a substantial coercivity of up to 13 mT at 2 K and a Curie temperature of 11.5 K. These findings are significant for a future implementation of magnetic molecular thin films in spintronic devices, especially on flexible substrates that are commonly sensitive to high

Charge transport in organic nanocrystal diodes based on rolled-up robust nanomembrane contacts

• Vineeth Kumar Bandari,
• Lakshmi Varadharajan,
• Longqian Xu,
• Abdur Rehman Jalil,
• Mirunalini Devarajulu,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Feng Zhu and
• Oliver G. Schmidt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1277–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.129

• the organic nanocrystals. These conclusions prove that with the assistance of the charge transfer effect, the soft yet robust contacts generated from rolled-up nanotechnology provide an efficient route for fabricating reliable organic nanocrystal electronic and spintronic devices. (a) Schematic

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• of the molecules integrated into spintronic devices ranges from purely diamagnetic molecules to individual single molecule magnets (SMMs) [4]. Among such molecules metalloporphyrins are very promising in terms of diverse applications [4]. Recently, we reported on the deposition of thin films of

• by a knowledge-based approach. Along with a preliminary work of us, we noticed that “[…]the electrical analysis and the understanding of the underlying transport mechanism become important for future implementation of porphyrin-based (spintronic) devices.[…]” [8]. It was thus desired to have access

Nanoantenna-assisted plasmonic enhancement of IR absorption of vibrational modes of organic molecules

• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Olga Cherkasova,
• Sergei A. Kuznetsov,
• Ilya A. Milekhin,
• Ekatherina E. Rodyakina,
• Alexander V. Latyshev,
• Sreetama Banerjee,
• Georgeta Salvan and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 975–981, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.99

• the last decade, organic semiconductors gained the attention of the spintronics community as these organic semiconductors have been considered as good candidates for spin transport. The most interesting property of organic semiconductors for spintronic applications is the weak spin–scattering

Tuning the spin coherence time of Cu(II)−(bis)oxamato and Cu(II)−(bis)oxamidato complexes by advanced ESR pulse protocols

• Ruslan Zaripov,
• Evgeniya Vavilova,
• Iskander Khairuzhdinov,
• Kev Salikhov,
• Violeta Voronkova,
• Mohammad A. Abdulmalic,
• Francois E. Meva,
• Saddam Weheabby,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Vladislav Kataev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 943–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.96

• complex molecular structures in prototype spintronic devices. Furthermore, in our work we propose an improved CPMG pulse protocol that enables elimination of unwanted echoes that inevitably appear in the case of inhomogeneously broadened ESR spectra due to the selective excitation of electron spins

Ferromagnetic behaviour of ZnO: the role of grain boundaries

• Boris B. Straumal,
• Svetlana G. Protasova,
• Andrei A. Mazilkin,
• Eberhard Goering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Petr B. Straumal and
• Brigitte Baretzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1936–1947, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.185

• Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 49, 117991 Moscow, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.7.185 Abstract The possibility to attain ferromagnetic properties in transparent semiconductor oxides such as ZnO is very promising for future spintronic applications. We demonstrate in this review

• future spintronic applications. The ferromagnetism (FM) opens a way to change the optical and/or electrical properties of such a material by applying an external (permanent or alternating) magnetic field. And vice versa, by applying an external (permanent or alternating) electric field one could

Nonlinear thermoelectric effects in high-field superconductor-ferromagnet tunnel junctions

• Stefan Kolenda,
• Peter Machon,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1579–1585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.152

• , the competition of these antagonistic spin orders can be exploited to produce superconducting spintronics functionality [1][2][3]. Several promising spintronic effects have been theoretically predicted and subsequently experimentally observed. Examples are the odd-frequency triplet supercurrent [4][5

Influence of synthesis conditions on microstructure and phase transformations of annealed Sr₂FeMoO_6−x nanopowders formed by the citrate–gel method

• Marta Yarmolich,
• Nikolai Kalanda,
• Sergey Demyanov,
• Herman Terryn,
• Jon Ustarroz,
• Maksim Silibin and
• Gennadii Gorokh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1202–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.111

• Sr2FeMoO6−x systems with an ordered double perovskite structure are among the most promising materials for spintronic devices [3][4][5][6]. However, the synthesis of strontium ferromolybdate by conventional methods [2][3][7][8], including solid-state synthesis using high-temperature annealing in a reducing

Phenalenyl-based mononuclear dysprosium complexes

• Yanhua Lan,
• Andrea Magri,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.92

• ) are often regarded as building blocks for realizing spintronic devices at the molecular scale [1]. Out of thousands of SMMs available, the class of the LnPc2 (Ln = Tb, Dy) complexes is the most popular example. It has been successfully assembled into different molecular schemes of spintronic quantum

• devices such as spin valve, spin transistor and spin resonator [2][3][4][5]. The fascinating experimental results obtained from these quantum devices foster a bright future in the field of nanospintronics. In order to fabricate spintronic devices with molecular units, an essential step is to investigate

Thickness dependence of the triplet spin-valve effect in superconductor–ferromagnet–ferromagnet heterostructures

• Daniel Lenk,
• Vladimir I. Zdravkov,
• Jan-Michael Kehrle,
• Günter Obermeier,
• Aladin Ullrich,
• Roman Morari,
• Hans-Albrecht Krug von Nidda,
• Claus Müller,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Siegfried Horn,
• Rafael G. Deminov,
• Lenar R. Tagirov and
• Reinhard Tidecks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 957–969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.88

• ]. The generation of spin-triplet Cooper pairs in S/F-heterostructures is expected to be the key to merge superconductivity and spintronics, because spin currents can be realized by supercurrents flowing through ferromagnetic materials, thus minimizing heating effects in spintronic devices [59]. Recently

Single-molecule magnet behavior in 2,2’-bipyrimidine-bridged dilanthanide complexes

• Wen Yu,
• Frank Schramm,
• Eufemio Moreno Pineda,
• Yanhua Lan,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Jinjie Chen,
• Hironari Isshiki,
• Wolfgang Wernsdorfer,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 126–137, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.15

• result, it can be envisioned that the presented class of molecules, eventually equipped with linker-substituents, will function as active molecular entities that could be combined into spintronic hybrid device environments [14][50]. Molecular structure of complex 3 obtained from single-crystal

Paramagnetism of cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles obtained by microwave solvothermal synthesis

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka,
• Witold Lojkowski,
• Wojciech Knoff,
• Malgorzata I. Lukasiewicz,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin T. Klepka,
• Tomasz Story and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1957–1969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.200

• [22] and drug delivery [23]. Recently, zinc oxide doped with Mn, Co and Ni has been under investigation for potential application as a spintronic material [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Many experimental and theoretical studies of ZnO doped with transition metal (TM) elements suggest good prospects

• suitable for practical application as a spintronic material. Microwave activation of hydrothermal synthesis used to obtain nano-sized powders has been reported in a number of papers [51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Microwave ovens were already vastly adopted in the 1980s for the synthesis of organic compounds

Effects of swift heavy ion irradiation on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites prepared by carbothermal evaporation method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• D. K. Avasthi and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 928–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.96

• gap and large exciton binding energy, making it suitable for a wide range of applications such as UV lasers [11], dye-sensitized solar cells [12][13][14], gas sensors [15][16], UV sensors [17], light emitting diodes [18], spintronic devices [19], transparent conductive electrodes [20], lasers [21

Production, detection, storage and release of spin currents

• Michele Cini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 736–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.75

• research of an electric dipole moment of the electron. Moreover such theoretical ideas, once realized in a practical device, would offer new strategies to attack the problems connected to spintronic applications. Alternative mechanisms for generating pure spin currents have been proposed. Bhat and Sipe [13

Synthesis, characterization, monolayer assembly and 2D lanthanide coordination of a linear terphenyl-di(propiolonitrile) linker on Ag(111)

• Zhi Chen,
• Svetlana Klyatskaya,
• José I. Urgel,
• David Écija,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Willi Auwärter,
• Johannes V. Barth and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 327–335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.31

• context, rare-earth elements have been employed for the design of materials with extraordinary magnetic properties [1][2], including single molecular magnets (SMMs) [2][3], which serve as pivotal subunits for modern developments in spintronic devices [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Moreover, in recent

Optical properties and electrical transport of thin films of terbium(III) bis(phthalocyanine) on cobalt

• Peter Robaschik,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Daniel Bülz,
• Peter Richter,
• Manuel Monecke,
• Michael Fronk,
• Svetlana Klyatskaya,
• Daniel Grimm,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Mario Ruben,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn and
• Georgeta Salvan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2070–2078, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.215

• microscale. The AFM-based electrical measurements allow the local charge carrier mobility of the TbPc2 thin films to be quantified with nanoscale resolution. Keywords: current sensing AFM; ellipsometry; spintronics; TbPc2; transport properties; Introduction Molecular spintronic devices could bring a new

• transporting layer [10] and recently Urdampilleta et al. reported a supramolecular spin valve made of a carbon nanotube (CNT) covered by only a few TbPc2 molecules [5]. For electronic and spintronic devices it is crucial to know and to control the molecular orientation on the device-related substrates. The

• TbPc2/Co heterojunction was already proposed to serve as a model system for a SMM semiconducting layer on top of a ferromagnetic electrode for a future spintronic device. The chemical and magnetic properties of this interface were investigated by Klar et al. and it was found that the magnetic moment of

Silicon and germanium nanocrystals: properties and characterization

• Ivana Capan,
• Alexandra Carvalho and
• José Coutinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1787–1794, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.189

• nanoscale. This control leads to spectacular properties and to a wide field of applications ranging from memory devices, solar cells and thermoelectrics to light emitters, spintronic devices and printable electronics. The use of semiconductor NCs instead of two-dimensional floating gate devices such as

Quasi-1D physics in metal-organic frameworks: MIL-47(V) from first principles

• Danny E. P. Vanpoucke,
• Jan W. Jaeken,
• Stijn De Baerdemacker,
• Kurt Lejaeghere and
• Veronique Van Speybroeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1738–1748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.184

• ) cell used are shown in Figure 1b. For the configurations for which the total magnetization is non-zero (FM and SFM), majority and minority spin components have a different band gap, making them of interest for spintronic applications (cf. Table 4 and Figure 4a) [84]. In general, each of the

Designing magnetic superlattices that are composed of single domain nanomagnets

• Derek M. Forrester,
• Feodor V. Kusmartsev and
• Endre Kovács

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 956–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.109

• useful when designing future spintronic devices, especially those manipulating the properties of CoFeB compounds. Keywords: hysteresis; nanoparticles; magnetic phases; superlattices; Introduction The development of highly ordered superlattices is of significant importance from a practical perspective

• particles. But the chaos is suppressed when the damping is suitably high, the case which we are considering here. With the emergence of new devices such as the magnetic ratchet for spintronic memory and logic in three-dimensions [25] and recent results for multisegmented nanowires [26] (where the shape

• detection devices for spintronics [27][28][29][30]. The ferromagnetic materials are ideal contacts for creating these spintronic devices on, for example, a single layer of graphene [29]. A magnetic ratchet device could be used to inject, at room temperature, a reservoir of spin-polarized electrons for

CoPc and CoPcF₁₆ on gold: Site-specific charge-transfer processes

• Fotini Petraki,
• Heiko Peisert,
• Johannes Uihlein,
• Umut Aygül and
• Thomas Chassé

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 524–531, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.61

• light-emitting diodes, field-effect transistors, solar cells, and spintronic devices have been in the focus of research [1][2][3][4]. For several transition metal phthalocyanine (TMPc) layers on noble metal surfaces (e.g., Au and Ag) a charge transfer toward the central metal atom has been reported