Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• synthesis, which is commonly used in the literature. TEM and zeta potential measurements were used to determine morphology and sizes of the CDs, and XRD, XPS, and FTIR and micro-Raman spectroscopy were used for structural characterization. Optical characterization of the CDs was done by absorption and

• positively charged amino groups [20]. Absorption and fluorescence measurements were taken for optical characterization of the CDs. The absorption peaks observed at 229 and 251 nm arise from the π–π* transitions of the conjugated electrons and the n–π* transitions of the oxygen and nitrogen heteroatoms in the

• the structure of the coated CDs film (Figure 5); the CDs film thickness was determined as ca. 566 nm. In addition, a UV–vis absorption spectrum of the CDs layer was taken (Figure 6a), and the bandgap value of the layer was determined from the graph of hν versus (αhν)2 using the Tauc equation [23]. The

Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• absorption, graphene has been used to prepare high-speed photodetectors with intrinsic photocurrent response times down to the picosecond level [42]. Notably, under the same excitation conditions, comparison of the TRPC curves between the heterojunction and the graphene region in the heterojunction revealed

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• combined with resilient fibrous helical structures enhance energy absorption and improve stress redistribution, providing additional protection against damage caused by impact loads [68]. Such adaptations not only facilitate efficient prey capture but contribute to the overall durability of the mandibles

• . Additionally, when threatened, these ants possess the remarkable ability to jump several centimeters propelled by the force of their mandibles [69]. Engineers and material scientists can draw inspiration from these natural designs to develop lightweight yet durable components that enhance energy absorption and

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• ]. Therefore, developing methods to detect heavy metals at the low concentrations usually found in environmental samples is crucial. Similarly, the removal of 4-nitrophenol from exposed site requires necessary steps. Heavy metals are detected using high-throughput techniques, such as atomic absorption

• change in absorption wavelength. The color of gold and silver nanoparticles highly depends on shape, size, and pH value, which are directly influenced by the ligand–metal interaction [22]. Another essential factor is surface capping, which provides colloidal stability and the surface for ionic

• NaCl (Figure 4g,h). Although centrifuged and as-prepared AuNR20.5 and AuNR21.0 showed a noticeable difference in the absorption spectrum compared to the control (Figure 4g,h). Previously, several reports confirmed the use of NaOH and NaCl in nanoparticle synthesis or surface modification for different

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• and TA interaction system. AFM images of (a) GO and (b) GO incubated with TA (10 mg·L−1). The height profile plots on the right present the topology of the marked regions of each sample image. Characterization of GO and TA system. a) FTIR showing absorption signals related to –OH strength band, GO’s

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• spectra (Figure 8) depict the light absorption mainly in the 200–400 nm range for both samples. The MW sample exhibits a higher light absorption and a tendency of main broad band to split at 330 nm. The long absorption tails in the visible domain can be assigned to the presence of surface defects [50

• –Halenda) model. Diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectra were recorded with a Perkin Elmer Lambda 35 spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere. The analysis range was 200–1000 nm. Based on the Kubelka–Munk function, the collected reflectance data were transformed into absorption spectra. Eg was

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• anticancer nanomedicines are administered intravenously. This route is fast and precise as the drug enters directly into the systemic circulation, without undergoing absorption processes. When nanoparticles come into direct contact with the blood, however, they interact with physiological components that can

• were observed in the identification of the complement system and acute phase proteins when comparing non-functionalized SiO2NPs with functionalized ones. In particular, adding ZW promoted decreased absorption of such proteins (Figure 2j). Complement factors and acute phase proteins (e.g., C3 and alpha

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• effectiveness of this reaction hinges on the catalytic surface, influenced by both reagent adsorption and product desorption. We monitored the in situ reduction of organic dyes using the nanocatalyst via time-dependent UV–vis absorption measurements at ambient temperature. Confirmation of reduction was

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• . After the incubation, formazan crystals were dissolved in DMSO (100 µL added to each well). Then the optical absorption was measured on a microplate spectrophotometer Wallac Victor 2 (Perkin Elmer, USA) at wavelengths of 570 and 720 nm. The viability of cells (in relative units, r.u.) was calculated

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• –k dispersion reveals the investigated material’s key electronic properties. The calculations reveal a direct bandgap of 1.12 eV for monolayer Ge2Se2. We further extract critical optical parameters using the Kubo–Greenwood formalism and Kramers–Kronig relations. A significantly large absorption

• and relatively low manufacturing cost [3][4]. These solar cells are based on perovskite-structured compounds, which have demonstrated excellent light absorption, charge-carrier mobilities, and tunable bandgaps [5]. Despite the rapid advancements in PSC technology, some critical issues, such as long

• extensive applications in photodevices. This is mainly because of the exceptional optoelectronic behavior of the TMDCs, especially the layer-dependent bandgap and the high absorption of incident sunlight [22][23][24][25]. Motivated by this, various TMDCs, including MoS2, WS2, WSe2, and TiS2, have been used

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• are highly susceptible to mechanical failure because of their brittle nature; in contrast, the etched SiNW arrays exhibit superior optical absorption and enhanced surface catalytic reaction properties. The intimate contact between 1D Si NWs and thin TiO2 layers reduces the recombination rate of

• absorption than planar Si wafers because of the specific morphology [45]. The optical absorption of the as-prepared catalyst is shown in Figure 3a. The UV–vis diffuse reflection spectrum of TiO2/SiNWs catalyst is drastically reduced in comparison to the pure SiNWs. The superior antireflection property of the

• structure of the catalyst provides a surface that can massively increase light absorption, achieving an efficient C2H6 yield of 210 µmol/cm2 in 6 h with high selectivity under light illumination at room temperature. This research could offer new insights into composite photocatalysts for methane coupling

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• as an absorption enhancer [51]. The therapeutic potential of curcumin using nanoformulations was reviewed by several researchers, summarizing recent curcumin encapsulation works on various NP platforms (liposomes, solid lipid NPs, micelles, and polymeric NPs) [52][53]. For example, polymeric

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• parts of the human body. Despite several advantages, such as simplicity of administration and patient acceptance, conventional DDSs have significant limitations and disadvantages. They have limited efficacy through varying absorption rates of the drugs when given orally. Also, a low-pH environment and

• digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract can break down some medications before they reach the bloodstream [45]. In addition to this, lack of selectivity can minimize their effectiveness. Also, drug absorption may be high in detoxifying organs such as liver and kidneys, causing toxicity in those

• a precisely regulated rate and location to ensure optimal efficacy and safety [21]. Medicines can become the cause of disease when considering the disadvantages such as instability, uncontrollable discharge, irritation and pain, poor absorption, and enzymatic degeneration. However, if nanoparticles

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• was meticulously evaluated by analyzing the ablation rates, surface plasmon resonance peak positions, and particle size distributions of the obtained colloids. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using the techniques of UV–visible absorption, transmission electron microscopy, and energy

• . Further, optimized SERS substrates were tested with different Raman excitations to highlight the critical role of molecular resonance absorption. Specifically, an excitation wavelength of 325 nm proved to be the most effective for detecting methyl salicylate and DMMP, underscoring the importance of

• . This process took approximately 20 minutes. Characterization techniques The absorption studies were conducted by placing 3 mL of the colloidal solution in a 1 cm quartz cuvette and using a UV–visible absorption spectrometer (PerkinElmer, LAMBDA 750) within the 300–800 nm wavelength range. The

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• resistance (TCR). These properties are advantageous for new bolometric sensors with high voltage responsivity and broadband absorption from the infrared (IR) to the terahertz spectrum. Preliminary performance evaluations have shown current and voltage responsivities of 2 mA/W and 30 V/W, respectively, in

• response to IR (980 nm) absorption for a 20 × 20 μm2 device. The device exhibits an exceptionally fast response time of ≈0.15 ms, coupled with a TCR of −0.91 %/K. These attributes underscore its high operating speed and responsivity, respectively. In particular, the device maintains excellent thermal

• integration techniques make it important for real-time broadband imaging systems. Keywords: 3D micro-nano architecture; blackbody absorption; CNT microbolometer; high responsivity; high spatial resolution; Introduction Non-cryogenic infrared (IR) microbolometers represent a cutting-edge technology with

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• to have a nanoparticle-based product approved for clinical use, it is necessary to perform a number of different absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) studies [79][80]. We discussed a couple of years ago that there are several challenges in how to perform and interpret data

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• state for long durations and only need to be reformed occasionally. Energy damping: Depending on the structural layers for the biomimetic adhesives, there could be significant internal energy damping for energy absorption, that is, highly viscoelastic fibers and energy dissipation as heat during

Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• increased, respectively, to 372 nm and 0.486 for F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780, and, respectively, to 288 nm and 0.663 for F127@PLGA/CHL/IR780. The increase in nanoparticle size could be the result of protein absorption the nanoparticle surface [38]. However, the absorption of protein from the cell culture

• than the negative ones [42]. Preventing protein absorption by nanoparticles might enhance the systemic half-life of nanoparticles. According to reports, nanoparticles with a stealth surface have a longer half-life [39]. Typically, hydrophilic substances, such as PVA and PEG, serve as stealth surface

Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification

• Indrasis Dasgupta,
• Totan Das,
• Biplab Das and
• Shovanlal Gayen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75

• or passive transport across the cell membrane [12]. Excessive absorption by normal cells enables metal oxide nanoparticles to engage with various subcellular organelles, initiating diverse signaling pathways to generate a stress response within cells. This results in the production of free radicals

• iron oxide nanocore decorated with organic compounds and investigated their cellular uptake across various human cell types [18]. However, determining the cellular absorption of functionalized nanoparticles in different human cell types is a laborious, expensive, and time-consuming task. Computational

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• transport [14][15]. At each stage of the photocatalytic process sequence, the intermixing of TMD materials is intended to efficiently enhance light absorption, photogeneration of charge carriers, and activation of the surface redox reaction [16][17]. Furthermore, TMD materials are known to possess favorable

• caused by the absorption of MB by WS2 [37]. However, upon exposure to light excitation, a considerably greater PD of MB has occurred. As shown in Figure 6c (red dots), there is no direct photolysis of MB, which indicates that the degradation is mainly induced by the presence of MoS2 or WS2 catalysts. For

• both catalysts, no isosbestic points are observed in the optical absorption of the solution, suggesting that the MB is completely degraded without the formation of intermediary complexes. The following equation provides the expression of the PD efficiency at a certain light excitation duration t with

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• nanoparticles, by the wet reduction method using palladium and silver hydroxide colloids as precursors, to study hydrogen absorption; the size of these BNPs was 6–7 nm. However, inhomogeneous nanoparticles were obtained because Ag fractions were found on the surface, which were increased by heating the samples

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• optoelectronic characteristics of the synthesized CQDs, UV–vis absorption spectra were measured using a Thermo Scientific Evolution 220 spectrophotometer. The CQDs were dissolved in deionized water at a ratio of 1:10 (0.3 mg of CQDs per mL) and the measurements were taken in the range of 200–800 nm. A 1 cm path

• value of the reaction mixture was kept constant during the test (pH 7). To initiate the catalytic process, each CQD sample was individually applied to the degradation of the MB dye. The UV–vis absorption spectrum of the dye was monitored using a spectrophotometer (Thermo Scientific Evolution model 220

• ). It is observed that for each of the samples, its maximum absorption peak is approximately at 350 nm, which corresponds to n–π* transitions present in unsaturated compounds with heteroatoms (carbonyl groups). An absorbance tail is also noticed in the visible range [31][32]. The samples M6 and M7

Simultaneous electrochemical determination of uric acid and hypoxanthine at a TiO₂/graphene quantum dot-modified electrode

• Vu Ngoc Hoang,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Le Vu Truong Son,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Vo Thang Nguyen,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Ly Hoang Diem,
• Kieu Chan Ly,
• Ho Sy Thang and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 719–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.60

• microscope (SEM), Hitachi (Japan). UV–vis absorption spectroscopy measurements was carried out on an 8453 UV–vis spectrophotometer, Agilent, USA. Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy measurements were performed on a FL3C-22 spectrophotometer, Horiba, USA. Synthesis of TiO2/GQDs Peroxo titanium complexes were

• suspensions. The UV–vis spectra show absorbance bands from 200–400 nm that are typical for the colloidal systems with nanoscale particles [24][25]. The UV–vis spectrum of GQDs shows a characteristic feature of GO at ≈300 nm due to the absorption of the graphitic structure [26], while that of titanium

• complexes presents an absorption band at 240 nm. The combination of titanium complexes with GQDs resulted in higher adsorption λmax values. XRD patterns of the obtained samples in suspension form are presented in Figure 2. The XRD patterns of TiO2 and TiO2/GQDs suspensions show broad peaks of TiO2 at 2θ

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• into heat energy is an intrinsic optical property of metal nanoparticles when irradiated using near-infrared radiation. However, the impact of size and shape on the photothermal behaviour of gold nanomakura particles possessing optical absorption within 600–700 nm as well as on incorporation in

• gold nanomakura within a 600–700 nm wavelength. The aspect ratio as well as anisotropy of synthesized gold nanomakura can influence photothermal response upon near-infrared irradiation. The role of carbon tail length was evident via absorption peaks obtained from longitudinal surface plasmon resonance

• absorb NIR/IR wavelengths show efficient heat-generating capability. It is due to the strong absorption and scattering of light from visible to NIR/IR region that has brought radical advancement in the field of biomedical sciences. The manifestation of longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at the

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• absorption [154]. Leaf-cutting ants (Atta vollenweideri), for instance, can utilize the temperature receptors of their appendages to detect intense heat outside their nests as indicators of where to locate food [156]. Cave-dwelling crickets (Tachycines plumiopedella) rely on thermosensation to detect