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Search for "cell membrane" in Full Text gives 125 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10
- influence the cellular uptake mechanism. Keywords: cell-penetrating peptides; direct translocation; drug delivery; endocytosis; internalization; Introduction The cell membrane is a semipermeable barrier, serving as a protective layer for the cells. It is an essential organelle for cell survival and
- . Review Direct translocation through the cell membrane The direct translocation of CPPs through the cell membrane as an energy-independent mechanism and an alternative to endocytosis was suggested after internalization of CPPs was observed at low temperature [23]. As a process which requires no energy
- in a broad spectrum of cell lines. It has a length of 21 amino acids and consists of three domains, each conferring a specific function: (i) a hydrophobic, tryptophan-rich sequence required for the interaction with macromolecules and cell-membrane targeting, (ii) a hydrophilic sequence, rich in
Bombesin receptor-targeted liposomes for enhanced delivery to lung cancer cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2553–2562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.246
- -Target-lipo group. Cells exposed to FL-Control-lipo displayed a diffuse cell membrane-like staining with few green fluorescent puncta. Whereas, the target-lipo exposed cells displayed many more fluorescent puncta as well as a widespread increase in cellular fluorescence. Our observations here indicate
Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207
Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198
- recognition sites provided positive effects. It is a plausible mechanism regarding how biological molecular recognition occurs in aqueous media [155]. The molecular recognition of small molecules can be accomplished at certain kind of interfacial environments such as cell membrane, inside surfaces of
Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189
- , the phytosomes containing abundant phospholipids could carry amphiphilic agents to cross the cell membrane resulting in high intracellular drug concentrations, which might change the action mechanisms of P2. Conclusion Di derivatives were designed and P2 was screened. P2 showed better cytotoxic
Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175
- were recorded using a Leica TCS-SPE CLSM (Leica, Munich, Germany). ROS production in cells treated with AgNPs and AuNPs was determined by the 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining. DCFH-DA is a non-fluorescent dye that can freely permeate the cell membrane. Inside the cell, it
Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167
- cells through various processes, such as lipid peroxidation of cell membrane, damaging DNA and/or amino acid- and protein-based cell oxidation [50][51]. This analysis also evidenced that, although an important enhancement of CSTiO2 antimicrobial activity occurred within 60 min of UV irradiation, no
Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153
- at interfaces including cell membrane surfaces, inner surfaces of receptor pockets in enzymes, and macromolecular interfaces of DNA. We expect materials nanoarchitectonics with features of enhanced molecular interactions to create low-dimensional materials at interfaces of two phases with different
Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108
- on the cell membrane [32][33]. Particles with phenolic modification further increased the MNPcell value to 1.7- to 2.2-fold and 1.4- to 2.1-fold greater values in L-929 and LN-229 cells, respectively, compared to that of γ-Fe2O3@Hep. These results indicated that phenolic modification may further
- augment particle internalization compared to heparin modification alone. Previous studies have suggested that electrostatic interactions, oxidation-dependent conjugation, and hydrogen bonds between the phenolic OH groups and polysaccharide moieties and/or amino acid residues of the cell membrane may
Correlation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the surface density of gold nanoparticles: evaluation of the critical number of SERS tags for a detectable signal
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1016–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.102
- immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests, but the analyte may also be naturally immobilized on a surface, such as an antigen overexpressed in cancerous cell membrane [20][21][22]. SERS labels are also useful to probe the uptake of nanomaterial inside living cells [23][24][25][26]. There are many advantages connected
Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101
- lower zeta potential after exposure to serum indicated higher levels of cationic proteins in the corona (Figure 4) [28]. Therefore, we suppose a higher electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged cell membrane and the preincubated PLGA NPs [38]. Moreover, it became apparent that not only the
- that all NP formulations are strongly attached to the cell membranes because they could not be removed by repetitive washings steps during sample processing. As can be seen in Figure 8F, lots of red dots are precisely located in the cell membrane indicating that treatment with PLGA NPs leads to an
Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81
- images was stained, but only the squared area was irradiated. Only dead cells are dyed by trypan blue, and in the images they appear gray and blurry due to the collapse of the cell membrane and the penetration of the dye. The images show cell death only in the squared area, for only the cells incubated
Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16
- concentrations, as has been described above. The combination of subcellular targeting agents that allow for endosomal scape and regulate the intracellular trafficking and a targeting agent directed to cell membrane receptors is a promising strategy for increasing the efficacy of treatments. The presence of both
- vectorization for enhancing the cell growth inhibition. In these cases, the goal is to drive the payload to the nucleus after selective internalization in the cytoplasm. Nuclear delivery with the HIV trans-activator of transcription (TAT) peptoid in combination with the vasculature and tumor cell membrane
- cationic groups as mitochondrial targeting agent is the triphenylphosphonium cation (TTP) [87]. The vectorization agents are anchored separately on each of the hemispheres of the nanocarrier through an asymmetrisation process. One hemisphere is functionalized with folic acid as cell membrane targeting
New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11
- deactivate bacteria by damaging its cell membrane and DNA [50]. It is known that electrostatic adsorbent–adsorbate interactions do occur in solution at pH values either above or below the pHpzc of the adsorbent [51]. Based on the latter, it is believed that the composite adsorbent material in this study does
Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles towards human tumor cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236
- doxorubicin (Dox), which is considered as one of the most potent FDA-approved antitumor drugs [1]. Dox realizes its therapeutic effect via the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II and the generation of free radicals, leading to cell membrane damage, inhibition of macromolecule production, and ultimately
- -9000 fluorescence microscope. The live/dead kit determined the cell viability based on the cell membrane integrity. Living cells were stained by calcein AM, which emits green fluorescence (517 nm) after excitation by blue light (494 nm), whereas dead cells were stained by EthD-1, which emits red
Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233
- excitation. Likewise, EB, having an excitation/emission of 524/605 nm, provides an orange fluorescence upon intercalculation with dsDNA and can permeate into membrane-compromised cells only. The degree of EB staining in the cells dictates the proportion of the cell membrane compromised. During the early
- transformational aspect of apoptosis. Membrane blebbing in cell membrane is evidence that the cell is undergoing apoptosis along with cytoplasmic contraction and DNA fragmentation. To visualize the morphological changes occurring during membrane blebbing, we conducted FE-SEM microscopy to obtain high-resolution
- -myosin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane, eventually leads to cell contraction and bleb formation on the cell membrane [43]. In our study, a well-structured cytoskeleton was visualised in an untreated control of both A549 and HCT-15 (Figure 6) cells, showing healthy cells. The active attachment on the
Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85
- the innate immune system [64]. T-cells come from the thymus and use a cell-mediated immune approach by lysing (destroying the cell membrane of) infected cells or causing apoptosis (induced/programmed cell death) in infected cells [25]. B-cells originate in bone and create the humoral path of adaptive
Comparative study of antibacterial properties of polystyrene films with TiOx and Cu nanoparticles fabricated using cluster beam technique
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 861–869, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.80
- NPs preventing a fast contact with E.coli. Another explanation is in possibility of membrane repair and recovery of the damaged bacteria at an earlier stage. It was shown in [16][17] that ROS attack the outer cell membrane and first cause its decomposition, while bacterial dysfunction and death only
Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22
- domains have been fabricated by Stupp and co-workers, based on the self-assembly of cholesteryl oligo(L-lactic acid) [109]. In this system, the incorporation of the cholesteryl moiety and the short lactic acid chain enables cell membrane adherence and biodegradability, respectively. Thus, the layer-by
Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239
- vicinity of the cell membrane events of colocalizing AuNPs and FeOxNPs were also found (Figure 4). Quantification of particle uptake The quantification of the intracellular fraction of elemental Au or Fe (Figure 5, top) by ICP-OES revealed a continuous uptake of both particle types in all exposure modes
- cell membrane were observed (Figure 9). In the single-exposure experiments, the average fluorescence in the vicinity of the cell, set at the 20% surrounding rim outside the cell (Figure S18, Supporting Information File 1), was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the average background values extracted
Uptake and intracellular accumulation of diamond nanoparticles – a metabolic and cytotoxic study
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1649–1657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.165
- attractive for binding to the cell membrane than positively charged nanoparticles, which can be internalized more rapidly [44]. Positively charged nanoparticles have been reported to improve the efficacy of imaging, gene transfer and drug delivery. However, at the same time, negative effects like impaired
- dead at the end of the experiment. In at least one or two of the cases of cell death, an expelled cytoplast can be seen exiting the cell membrane. This indicates uncontrolled cell death and rupture. The remaining living cells have an elongated shape due to the accumulated NDs which mechanically
Development of polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1457–1468, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.145
- cells can be clearly seen in Figure 8. Anticancer activity increases with increasing surface charge of nanoparticles. It was known that the cell membrane is negatively charged so that cationic nanoparticles enhance interaction with the biological membrane. Positively charged nanoparticles can bind with
- negatively charged molecules (e.g., sialic acid, cholesterol, phospholipid) on cell membrane easier than anionic nanoparticles [26][52]. In addition, the surface charge of nanoparticles play an important role on cellular uptake and subcellular localization [53][54]. Another reason for the cell viability
- positive charge can improve drug loading capacity, slow down drug release and improve cellular interaction due to the negative charge of the cell membrane. Furthermore, unloaded or loaded nanoparticle cytotoxic effects were demonstrated with MTT assay in this study. In the light of the results of this
Cationic PEGylated polycaprolactone nanoparticles carrying post-operation docetaxel for glioma treatment
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1446–1456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.144
- effect on RG2 cells. As a result, CS-coated nanoparticle formulations were found to be significantly more effective against glioma cells than nanoparticles that have negative surface charge (p < 0.05). Cationic nanoparticles may interact and pass the cell membrane more easily due to their opposite
Low uptake of silica nanoparticles in Caco-2 intestinal epithelial barriers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.141
- sizes. Part of this effect could be due to an increased packing of cells, manifesting itself as a decreased surface area per cell between 4 and 21 days, and thus a resulting lower association to the cell membrane and consequent uptake. However, it is difficult to imagine that this could amount to a
- , results from flow cytometry exhibit a substantial signal which, in isolation, could be misinterpreted for nanoparticle accumulation, but which fluorescence and electron microscopy imaging show is (predominantly) due to nanoparticle adsorption to the outer cell membrane. Nevertheless, imaging shows some
- . Alternatively, it could be connected to the presence of a rich extracellular matrix, which may increase nanoparticle association to the apical side of the barrier, but also impede further interactions with the actual cell membrane, thereby lowering nanoparticle uptake. We note that our results are qualitative
Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125
- fixation of cells, followed by permeabilisation with a detergent. This creates pores in the cell membrane, allowing primary and secondary antibodies to gain access to the protein of interest. Qdots are an attractive alternative to traditional fluorescent dyes for ICC because they are much brighter and more
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