Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• attracted wide interest. Particularly attractive is the colorimetric detection of analytes in a liquid phase, which represents a direct way to evaluate the presence of an analyte by the naked eye. This facilitates its implementation as a transduction system in point-of-care devices. Therefore, noble metal

• over aggregation or redispersion processes is of paramount importance in the design of devices for the naked-eye detection of molecular events on the surface of nanoparticles. The early experiments by Mirkin and co-workers [60][61] on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles stabilized with radially

• target with a probe followed by the direct naked-eye readout. The need for further improvements motivated the researchers to increases the complexity of the assays. Today, the methods for SNP detection can be classified as enzymatic and nonenzymatic. In enzyme-free strategies, the signal amplification is

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• schematic. Photoconversion parameters of 100 nm Sb2S3 solar cells under illumination at AM1.5G as a function of cell area. The dotted lines are a guide to the eye; the purple star signifies the best-performing 1.7 mm2 cell with 5.5% PCE. The vertical bars signify standard deviation, and black dots represent

• either average values of smaller cells (area <10 mm2), or individual values of larger cells (area >10 mm2). Photoconversion parameters of (≈100 nm Sb2S3) solar cells at AM1.5G as a function of storage time. The dotted lines are a guide to the eye. Black circles refer to 7.1 mm2 cell area, and red

• up to 363 days at ≈20 °C, RH <30%. Photoconversion parameters of 100 nm Sb2S3 solar cells without aging (black dots) or after 180 days of aging (red triangles) as a function of light intensity. The dotted lines are a guide to the eye. The light intensity was attenuated from AM1.5G, 100 mW cm−2 with

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• scattering, and the gradual transparency loss of the PVP, which increases the backscattering of light from the sample towards the LED. In Figure 3b, the white-light properties, such as CRI, CCT, and LER, that represent the efficacy of the produced light on the human eye (calculated by considering the human

• eye sensitivity [35][60]) together with the total visible light output (luminous flux) are presented as a function of the N-CDot amount. At the lowest N-CDot amount (15 µL), there is no valid registered CRI (filled circles) or CCT (empty circles) output. As the amount increases, the CRI increases

Stationary beam full-field transmission helium ion microscopy using sub-50 keV He⁺: Projected images and intensity patterns

• Michael Mousley,
• Santhana Eswara,
• Olivier De Castro,
• Olivier Bouton,
• Nico Klingner,
• Christoph T. Koch,
• Gregor Hlawacek and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1648–1657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.160

• comparison of Figure 4A–C, it can be seen that the direction of the intensity deflection and expansion (see video for BN, Supporting Information File 1) matches the approximate local surface normal directions of the three main sides of the particle (lines are drawn as guides for the eye in Figure 4). This

• , He+ ions had an energy of 12.5 keV. Scale bars: (A,B) 20 µm and (C,D) 5 mrad. The set of three lines in A and C (with an arrowhead, a circle and a diamond at the ends) are rough guides for the eye showing the relative orientation of the sample and the directions of deflection and expansion (visible

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

• Pei Wang,
• Katarzyna Kulp and
• Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

• . The vertical dashed lines are intended as a guide for the eye. Cyclic voltammograms of Pt-CNT/GC and Pt-CNT/CNT/GC in N2-saturated 1 M CH3OH and 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution recorded at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1 normalized to a) Pt mass and b) Pt-ECSA evaluated by COad stripping. The vertical dashed

• lines are intended as a guide for the eye. Pt mass on the different supports and corresponding electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) determined by Hupd and COads. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 176: Additional SEM images and results of electrochemical characterization

Selective gas detection using Mn₃O₄/WO₃ composites as a sensing layer

• Yongjiao Sun,
• Zhichao Yu,
• Wenda Wang,
• Pengwei Li,
• Gang Li,
• Wendong Zhang,
• Lin Chen,
• Serge Zhuivkov and
• Jie Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1423–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.140

• concentrations of the target gases. When the H2S concentration exceeds 6.6 ppm, acute eye irritation may occur and prolonged exposure may cause pulmonary edema. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the acceptable exposure to 25 and 35 ppm NH3 for 8 h and 15 min, respectively, for

Angle-dependent structural colors in a nanoscale-grating photonic crystal fabricated by reverse nanoimprint technology

• Xu Zheng,
• Qing Wang,
• Jinjin Luan,
• Yao Li,
• Ning Wang and
• Rui Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1211–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.120

• can be seen from the graph that the color of the grating is distinctly different under different horizontal observation angles. The color shift is visible to the naked eye throughout most of the measurement cycle. Effects of vertical observation angle on structural color The fiber spectrometer was

Electroluminescence and current–voltage measurements of single-(In,Ga)N/GaN-nanowire light-emitting diodes in a nanowire ensemble

• David van Treeck,
• Johannes Ledig,
• Gregor Scholz,
• Jonas Lähnemann,
• Mattia Musolino,
• Abbes Tahraoui,
• Oliver Brandt,
• Andreas Waag,
• Henning Riechert and
• Lutz Geelhaar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1177–1187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.117

• ) Cross-sectional micrograph of the investigated self-assembled GaN NW LEDs on Si acquired in the field-emission SEM. (b) Bird’s-eye view micrograph of a probe tip contacting single NWs taken in the thermionic emission SEM with a magnification at the edge of the resolution. (c) Sketch of a tungsten probe

• guide to the eye. (a) Normalized EL spectra at various measurement points, including NW C for a driving current of 100 nA (ca. 1.3 kA/cm2). (b) FWHM of the EL spectra of single-NW LEDs as a function of their peak emission energy. (a) I–V characteristic of points C, E, F, and G. The dashed line shows an

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• points are a guide for the eye. The dh (a) and (b) the zeta potential (ζ) of 12-2-12/TNWs in Milli-Q water and 1 × 10−3 mol dm−3 NaBr after 24 h. γ(TNW)/g dm−3 = 1 × 10−2, 5 × 10−2, 1 × 10−1. θ = 25 °C. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of 12-2-12 is indicated with dotted line. The lines

• connecting the data points are a guide for the eye. The comparison of dh obtained for TNW/surfactant systems in Milli-Q water (a) and 1 × 10−3 mol dm−3 NaBr (b) and the zeta potential (ζ) in Milli-Q water (c) and 1 × 10−3 mol dm−3 NaBr (d) after 24 h. θ = 25 °C. The lines connecting the data points are a

• guide for the eye. The zeta potential (ζ) of TNWs with and without surfactant in NaBr aqueous electrolyte solution, c(NaBr)/mol dm−3 = 1 × 10−3 and at different a) DTAB concentrations, c(DTAB)/mol dm−3 = (black square) 0, (dark blue square) 1 × 10−4, (blue square) 5 × 10−4, (light blue square) 5 × 10−3

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• of the visible spectrum, where the human eye is less sensitive. A low R9 value leads to a low CRI. In the HPTS/DCM/LED configuration, we got a better CRI rating of 81. Note that a good daylight CRI rating is framed between 60 and 80 and an incandescent light bulb, considered a black-body radiator

An iridescent film of porous anodic aluminum oxide with alternatingly electrodeposited Cu and SiO₂ nanoparticles

• Menglei Chang,
• Huawen Hu,
• Haiyan Quan,
• Hongyang Wei,
• Zhangyi Xiong,
• Jiacong Lu,
• Pin Luo,
• Yaoheng Liang,
• Jianzhen Ou and
• Dongchu Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 735–745, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.73

• film. To scientifically describe the color of the sample, CIERGB, CIEXYZ and CIELAB models were successively established by International Lighting Commission, and CIELAB is considered as the most complete color model to describe the color observable by the naked eye. CIELAB (CIE1976*) consists of three

Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic electronic devices

• Marwa Mokni,
• Gianluigi Maggioni,
• Abdelkader Kahouli,
• Sara M. Carturan,
• Walter Raniero and
• Alain Sylvestre

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 428–441, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.42

• are drawn from [56]. The two lines are guides for the eye. GIXRD spectra of pure and NCPC samples: left) the 2θ region of the main parylene peak; right) the entire 2θ range, which shows the effect of Ag incorporation on the structure of the films. The spectrum of sample F at 1° incidence angle is also

Transport signatures of an Andreev molecule in a quantum dot–superconductor–quantum dot setup

• Zoltán Scherübl,
• András Pályi and
• Szabolcs Csonka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 363–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.36

• conductance GL in the left panel shows an eye-shaped resonance with two crossing points at zero bias. This characteristic resonance is the usual fingerprint of an ABS in a single QD (see, e.g., [35]). The resonance maps the excitation energy between the two lowest-energy eigenstates of the QDL-SC subsystem

• in a strong modification of the finite-bias conductance plots. This is shown in Figure 3b, for a general case with all three non-local coupling being finite, ΓCAR = 0.1U, γEC = 0.02 and tLR = 0.06U. The previously discussed features, i.e., the eye-shaped resonances in GL and the horizontal lines in

Relation between thickness, crystallite size and magnetoresistance of nanostructured La_1−xSr_xMn_yO_3±δ films for magnetic field sensors

• Rasuole Lukose,
• Valentina Plausinaitiene,
• Milita Vagner,
• Nerija Zurauskiene,
• Skirmantas Kersulis,
• Virgaudas Kubilius,
• Karolis Motiejuitis,
• Birute Knasiene,
• Voitech Stankevic,
• Zita Saltyte,
• Martynas Skapas,
• Algirdas Selskis and
• Evaldas Naujalis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 256–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.24

• films (I and II series, the red line is a guide for the eye). (e) GIXRD patterns for the LSMO films of different thickness for the I series. The inset presents peaks and their shift with thickness for the II series. The stars represent the characteristic peaks of the Al2O3 substrate, the vertical lines

• ) TMI dependence on film thickness for both deposition series, black line is a guide for the eye. Inset – resistivity dependence on temperature for 370 nm thick LSMO films of the I and II series. SEM picture of LSMO films grown from (a) one supply source - I series; (b) two supply sources - II series

• ) one supply source and (e) two supply sources. (f) Magnetoresistance anisotropy dependence on film thickness for both deposition series. The lines are the guides for the eye. Acknowledgements R. Lukose and N. Zurauskiene acknowledges the funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and

Interaction of Te and Se interlayers with Ag or Au nanofilms in sandwich structures

• Arkadiusz Ciesielski,
• Lukasz Skowronski,
• Marek Trzcinski,
• Ewa Górecka,
• Wojciech Pacuski and
• Tomasz Szoplik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 238–246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.22

• that after four weeks, much more Te atoms have migrated into the silver layer, forming a more uniform mixture. The segregation-induced band, although weakly noticeable to the eye due to high values of the Im(ε) originating from the Drude term, is still present. It is red-shifted to around 760 nm – this

Study of silica-based intrinsically emitting nanoparticles produced by an excimer laser

• Imène Reghioua,
• Mattia Fanetti,
• Sylvain Girard,
• Diego Di Francesca,
• Simonpietro Agnello,
• Layla Martin-Samos,
• Marco Cannas,
• Matjaz Valant,
• Melanie Raine,
• Marc Gaillardin,
• Nicolas Richard,
• Philippe Paillet,
• Aziz Boukenter,
• Youcef Ouerdane and
• Antonino Alessi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 211–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.19

• for the Ge-doped samples only a few laser pulses (≈1 s of irradiation) were needed even at the lowest energy (33 mJ, sample A), to observe (by the naked eye) material removal; in the case of the pure silica samples, more pulses (10–20 s of irradiation) were needed and the irradiated parts become very

Threshold voltage decrease in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal doped with graphene oxide flakes

• Mateusz Mrukiewicz,
• Krystian Kowiorski,
• Paweł Perkowski,
• Rafał Mazur and
• Małgorzata Djas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 71–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.7

• . The inset shows the threshold voltage Uth-DS dependence of the GO concentration. Experimental data is presented as scattered points with the line as a guide for the eye. Electro-optical characteristics of the switching process in the cells with the 5CB-GO suspensions. Normalized light transmission as

Site-controlled formation of single Si nanocrystals in a buried SiO₂ matrix using ion beam mixing

• Xiaomo Xu,
• Thomas Prüfer,
• Daniel Wolf,
• Hans-Jürgen Engelmann,
• Lothar Bischoff,
• René Hübner,
• Karl-Heinz Heinig,
• Wolfhard Möller,
• Stefan Facsko,
• Johannes von Borany and
• Gregor Hlawacek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2883–2892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.267

• budget during the rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process (see text). The color coding of the points in (f) corresponds to the measured Si NC size. The white area in the center is a guide to the eye indicating the parameter space favorable for Si NC formation. Figure (e) corresponds to the best combination

Disorder in H⁺-irradiated HOPG: effect of impinging energy and dose on Raman D-band splitting and surface topography

• Lisandro Venosta,
• Noelia Bajales,
• Sergio Suárez and
• Paula G. Bercoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2708–2717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.253

• , HD-LE and HD-HE). Pristine HOPG is shown for comparison. a) D band and D′ band and b) 2D band. Experimental points are shown as circles while the solid lines correspond to the fits. Deconvolution of a) D band and b) 2D band. The dotted vertical lines are drawn as a guide to the eye, at the peak

Nanostructured liquid crystal systems and applications

• Alexei R. Khokhlov and
• Alexander V. Emelyanenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2644–2645, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.245

• each pixel is synchronized with the operation of a light matrix in a way that red, green and blue colors propagate through the same pixel during a particular time. In this way, the human eye mixes all the colors in a particular proportion to obtain an arbitrary color. The elaboration of the field

Enhancement of X-ray emission from nanocolloidal gold suspensions under double-pulse excitation

• Wei-Hung Hsu,
• Frances Camille P. Masim,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Hsin-Hui Huang,
• Tetsu Yonezawa,
• Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak,
• Saulius Juodkazis and
• Koji Hatanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2609–2617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.242

• was fixed at E2 = 700 μJ. A positive z-shift corresponds to an upward movement of solution position towards the incoming laser pulse (see Figure 2a). The lines are guides to the eye. FDTD simulations of light-field enhancement under the conditions of the experiment: angle of incidence 60°, 800 nm

High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• MFM data for the same sample and the black curve shows the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization of the InSb–MnSb eutectic [17]. Room-temperature saturation magnetization (Msat) as a function of the carrier concentration (Np) (the dashed line is a guide to the eye). Magnetotransport

Directional light beams by design from electrically driven elliptical slit antennas

• Shuiyan Cao,
• Eric Le Moal,
• Quanbo Jiang,
• Aurélien Drezet,
• Serge Huant,
• Jean-Paul Hugonin,
• Gérald Dujardin and
• Elizabeth Boer-Duchemin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2361–2371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.221

• , bull’s-eye, nanoparticle dimer, or wire antennas), coupled in the near field (or incorporating in their design) an electrically driven nanosource of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs, light waves coupled to electron density oscillations at a metal–dielectric interface). In particular, the electrical SPP

• few degrees [32][33] may be obtained from periodic microstructures (e.g., bull’s-eye antennas [34][35]), yet again with a strong dependence on frequency. Foremost, planar antennas with cylindrical symmetry, such as bull’s-eye [36] and patch antennas [37][38], invariably emit light in a beam or cone

Influence of the thickness of an antiferromagnetic IrMn layer on the static and dynamic magnetization of weakly coupled CoFeB/IrMn/CoFeB trilayers

• Deepika Jhajhria,
• Dinesh K. Pandya and
• Sujeet Chaudhary

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2198–2208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.206

• measured for a 10 nm thick single CoFeB layer. The dotted lines are guides to the eye. (a) ΔH as a function of the frequency with open symbols representing the experimental data and solid lines are fit to Equation 3 and Equation 4. (b) Dependence of αeff on tIrMn. (c) Variation of ΔH0 as a function of

• tIrMn. (d) Dependence of TMS strength (Γ) on tIrMn. The dotted lines are guides to the eye. αeff as a function of the inverse FM layer thickness 1/tCoFeB for different CoFeB/IrMn (2 nm)/CoFeB structures. (a) The easy-axis M–H loops of trilayers with varying tIrMn recorded at room temperature (inset