In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far?

• Moritz Nazarenus,
• Qian Zhang,
• Mahmoud G. Soliman,
• Pablo del Pino,
• Beatriz Pelaz,
• Susana Carregal-Romero,
• Joanna Rejman,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Reinhard Zellner,
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus,
• James B. Delehanty,
• Igor L. Medintz and
• Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1477–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.161

• less heterogeneity is present in the NP material and the easier the results (i.e., the correlation between the properties of the NPs and the observed interaction of NPs with cells) can be interpreted [13][18][86]. With limitations, a correlation of the spontaneous endocytotic uptake of NPs to the

Unlocking higher harmonics in atomic force microscopy with gentle interactions

• Sergio Santos,
• Victor Barcons,
• Josep Font and
• Albert Verdaguer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 268–277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.29

• absence of an external excitation of higher harmonics. Higher harmonic phase shifts further provide the means to directly decouple the true topography from that induced by compositional heterogeneity. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; chemistry; composition; heterogeneity; higher harmonics; phase

• establish a possible loss of contrast due to fundamental sources of noise. It is also shown that true topography and apparent topography, which is induced by chemical heterogeneity, can be decoupled at once by monitoring the phase contrast of higher harmonics. Results and Discussion Consider the equation of

• ), 0.8×10-19 J (squares) and 1.2 × 10−19 J (triangles). These variations induce variations in peak force of 29 (circles), 8 (squares) and 3 (trinagles) pN. (a–c) Illustration of a cantilever oscillating above a surface and recovering the true height Δzc = h when there are no compositional heterogeneity

Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts

• Josef C. Meier,
• Carolina Galeano,
• Ioannis Katsounaros,
• Jonathon Witte,
• Hans J. Bongard,
• Angel A. Topalov,
• Claudio Baldizzone,
• Stefano Mezzavilla,
• Ferdi Schüth and
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 44–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.5

Atomic force microscopy recognition of protein A on Staphylococcus aureus cell surfaces by labelling with IgG–Au conjugates

• Elena B. Tatlybaeva,
• Hike N. Nikiyan,
• Alexey S. Vasilchenko and
• Dmitri G. Deryabin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 743–749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.84

• bacterial cell surfaces by using colloidal gold nanoparticles as labels (Figure 4a). A moderate heterogeneity of the dimensional characteristics of the IgG–Au conjugates was revealed by AFM image analysis. Thus, conjugates were found both as single, spherically shaped objects, 80 ± 12 nm in size, and

AFM as an analysis tool for high-capacity sulfur cathodes for Li–S batteries

• Renate Hiesgen,
• Seniz Sörgel,
• Rémi Costa,
• Linus Carlé,
• Ines Galm,
• Natalia Cañas,
• Brigitta Pascucci and
• K. Andreas Friedrich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 611–624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.68

• distribution is present in this area, with a sulfur-rich region in the centre. No indication of this heterogeneity is visible in the topographical images. As observed in the recording of the TUNA™ current (where the average steady state current is displayed, Figure 6e), little or no steady current flow was

Photoelectrochemical and Raman characterization of In₂O₃ mesoporous films sensitized by CdS nanoparticles

• Mikalai V. Malashchonak,
• Sergey K. Poznyak,
• Eugene A. Streltsov,
• Anatoly I. Kulak,
• Olga V. Korolik and
• Alexander V. Mazanik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 255–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.27

• heterogeneity (Figure 6). As can be seen from Figure 6, the CdS phonon energy decreases with increasing the number of SILAR cycles (i.e., the nanocrystal size). This effect can be explained in the following way: according to wavevector-relaxation [17] and continuum [18][19] models, the decrease of the size of

Growth behaviour and mechanical properties of PLL/HA multilayer films studied by AFM

• Cagri Üzüm,
• Johannes Hellwig,
• Narayanan Madaboosi,
• Dmitry Volodkin and
• Regine von Klitzing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 778–788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.87

• structure, heterogeneity or roughness. The film thickness range reported in the mentioned study [4] is nearly threefold larger than ours, which may result in significant structural differences. Despite some fluctuations, E in our study ranges between 10 and 40 kPa, being in the same order of magnitude with

An NC-AFM and KPFM study of the adsorption of a triphenylene derivative on KBr(001)

• Antoine Hinaut,
• Adeline Pujol,
• Florian Chaumeton,
• David Martrou,
• André Gourdon and
• Sébastien Gauthier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 221–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.25

• a different aspect, being more heterogeneous on the MLv domains. This heterogeneity is not clearly correlated to the topographic images. Another example of images of a high-coverage deposit, annealed to 150 °C, is shown in Figure 6. Some well-resolved defects appear in the MLh domain in the upper

Room temperature excitation spectroscopy of single quantum dots

• Christian Blum,
• Frank Schleifenbaum,
• Martijn Stopel,
• Sébastien Peter,
• Marcus Sackrow,
• Vinod Subramaniam and
• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 516–524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.56

• 100 nm. The spectra exhibit emission intermittency, characteristic of single emitters. We observe large variations in the spectra close to the band edge, which represent the individual heterogeneity of the observed quantum dots. We also find specific excitation wavelengths for which the single quantum

Hierarchically structured superhydrophobic flowers with low hysteresis of the wild pansy (Viola tricolor) – new design principles for biomimetic materials

• Anna J. Schulte,
• Damian M. Droste,
• Kerstin Koch and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 228–236, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.27

• volume. The CAH occurs due to surface roughness and heterogeneity [14][15]. Low CAH results in a low TA, which describes the TA of a surface at which an applied water droplet starts to move [15]. Nowadays, transitional states between the Wenzel and Cassie–Baxter states have been discovered. Wang and