Influence of the thickness of an antiferromagnetic IrMn layer on the static and dynamic magnetization of weakly coupled CoFeB/IrMn/CoFeB trilayers

• Deepika Jhajhria,
• Dinesh K. Pandya and
• Sujeet Chaudhary

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2198–2208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.206

• obtained FMR spectra are the superposition of resonance peaks originating from the two CoFeB layers. This resonance mode hybridization does not result here in two resonance modes with different linewidth but could itself be a source of damping enhancement especially for higher tIrMn [53]. Also, in

A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO₂/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications

• Laurie Letertre,
• Roland Roche,
• Olivier Douhéret,
• Hailu G. Kassa,
• Denis Mariolle,
• Nicolas Chevalier,
• Łukasz Borowik,
• Philippe Dumas,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Roberto Lazzaroni and
• Philippe Leclère

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197

• covalent bonding between P3HT-COOH and TiO2 creates a dipole at the interface induced by: (i) the hybridization of the electronic orbitals of the two components, leading to a rearrangement of the charge density at the interface and (ii) the addition of a net dipole intrinsic to the P3HT-COOH molecule

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• to commercially available Pt-based electrodes. Nitrogen atoms can be incorporated in the hexagonal carbon lattice in different configurations depending on the number of bonding carbon atoms and to the type of hybridization. The role that the different nitrogen functionalities play in the catalytic

Synthesis of carbon nanowalls from a single-source metal-organic precursor

• André Giese,
• Sebastian Schipporeit,
• Volker Buck and
• Nicolas Wöhrl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1895–1905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.181

• between the nanorods and the straight CNWs. Chemical characterization Raman spectroscopy can give information about the hybridization and the defect density of the carbon material. All samples were measured at three different positions and the measured values were averaged for the interpretation. In

Improving the catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution of monolayered SnSe_2(1−x)S_2x by mechanical strain

• Sha Dong and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1820–1827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.173

• , such as bandgap engineering and device structures. It was reported that the catalytic activity for HER of the monolayer 1T'-MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te) can be enhanced by applying tensile strain [55][56]. For 1T'-MoS2, it was found that the strong hybridization between Mo d-orbitals and S p-orbitals

Josephson effect in junctions of conventional and topological superconductors

• Alex Zazunov,
• Albert Iks,
• Miguel Alvarado,
• Alfredo Levy Yeyati and
• Reinhold Egger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1659–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.158

• with the hybridization parameters ΓS/TS = . The bGFs g(ω) and G(ω) have been defined in Equation 6 and Equation 7, respectively. Once a self-consistent solution to Equation 26 has been determined, which in general requires numerics, the Josephson current is obtained from Equation 5 as In what follows

• . Figure 1b, acts as tunable parity switch on the many-body ABS levels of the SAC. As we have discussed above, the supercurrent flowing directly between a given S lead and the TS wire is expected to be strongly suppressed. However, through the hybridization with the MBS, Andreev level configurations with

• with all other fermions. We may represent γ by an auxiliary fermion f↑, where the index reminds us that the MBS spin polarization points along , The other Majorana mode γ′ = which is localized at the opposite end of the TS wire, is assumed to have negligible hybridization with the ΨS,j spinors and

Free-radical gases on two-dimensional transition-metal disulfides (XS₂, X = Mo/W): robust half-metallicity for efficient nitrogen oxide sensors

• Chunmei Zhang,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Fengxian Ma,
• Sri Kasi Matta,
• Steven Bottle and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1641–1646, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.156

• eV above the Fermi level, respectively. Some impurity states of WS2 are pinned slightly below the Fermi level upon adsorption of NO2. These impurity states come from the hybridization of spin-up and spin-down orbitals of the W and S atoms (Figure 3c–e), which contribute to the current flow and fail

Sulfur-, nitrogen- and platinum-doped titania thin films with high catalytic efficiency under visible-light illumination

• Boštjan Žener,
• Lev Matoh,
• Giorgio Carraro,
• Bojan Miljević and
• Romana Cerc Korošec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1629–1640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.155

• illumination (k1 for S3_N0.5 is 0.30 h−1). The band gap width for this sample was shown to be narrowed (3.07 eV). Researchers attribute this to a synergetic effect between N 2p and S 3p orbitals, resulting in a hybridization of the two orbitals generated close to the valence band [31][49]. Furthermore, with

Robust midgap states in band-inverted junctions under electric and magnetic fields

• Álvaro Díaz-Fernández,
• Natalia del Valle and
• Francisco Domínguez-Adame

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1405–1413, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.133

• could have an impact of the electronic levels [29][30]. However, the two-band model Hamiltonian (Equation 2) successfully describes the hybridization of interface states in band-inverted quantum wells [31], in perfect agreement with more elaborated models including quadratic momentum terms [30]. The

Predicting the strain-mediated topological phase transition in 3D cubic ThTaN₃

• Chunmei Zhang and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1399–1404, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.132

• ThTaN3 at a lower compressive strain (5%) as shown in Figure 4. The conduction band (CB) state mainly consisted of px, py and pz orbitals of the N atom, while the valence band (VB) state is comprised of the hybridization dxy, dxz, dyz orbitals of the Ta atom. When the SOC effect was incorporated, a p–d

Disorder-induced suppression of the zero-bias conductance peak splitting in topological superconducting nanowires

• Jun-Tong Ren,
• Hai-Feng Lü,
• Sha-Sha Ke,
• Yong Guo and
• Huai-Wu Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1358–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.128

• ][24][25][26][27][28]. However, it is suggested that such zero-bias features could also be induced by non-topological physics such as Kondo effect [31], smooth confinement [32], or strong disorder [33][34][35]. In one-dimensional case, the hybridization of the pair of MBSs localized at the wire ends

• MBSs hybridization. To get a closer look into the effects of disorder on the Majorana energy splitting, it is beneficial to investigate the localization length that characterizes the hybridization between the pair of MBSs. In weak spin-orbit coupling regime, the localization length increases gradually

• is more evident compared with the limited effects induced by the pairing disorder. Here we choose a rather long wire of length L = 2.0 μm, where the two spatially separated MBSs are well localized at each end of the wire, thus the hybridization between the pair of MBSs is negligibly small. In our

Ag₂WO₄ nanorods decorated with AgI nanoparticles: Novel and efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of water pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Wei Jiang,
• Yanping Liu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yingtang Zhou,
• Liuye Mo and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.123

• -light photocatalytic activity with an RhB degradation rate of 16.2% after 60 min irradiation due to the unsatisfactory visible-light absorption and fast recombination of photoinduced charge carriers [31][38][44][45]. After hybridization of AgI, all AgI/Ag2WO4 heterojunctions (0.1AgI/Ag2WO4, 0.2AgI

Circular dichroism of chiral Majorana states

• Javier Osca and
• Llorenç Serra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1194–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.110

• (λ) is modeling a coupled bilayer system in which quasiparticles move. The set of Hamiltonian parameters is m0, m1, ΔB, μ, α, Δp and Δm. The latter two are given in terms of the pairing interaction in the two layers, Δt and Δb, by Hybridization of the two surfaces is represented by parameters m0 and

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• materials. Besides, the relative intensities of the D-band and G-band (ID/IG) of GO and rGO are 0.91 and 1.09, respectively. After the GO was reduced to rGO, a large number of sp3 hybrid carbon atoms deoxidized to form a new sp2 hybridization area. However, the sp2 area of rGO is smaller than that of GO, so

Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering

• Baeckkyoung Sung and
• Min-Ho Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22

• matrix was confirmed by a nonlinear optics technique [88]. These properties enable the exploitation of the LC collagen matrix as a potential corneal implant. This matrix can be also utilized as a biological template for silica hybridization with long-range ordered structures [89]. Such 3D ordered

• electronics during the last decades. Technological breakthroughs can be achieved by introducing stimuli-responsivity or intelligence into the conventional LC biomaterials [114]. Hybridization with functional nanomaterials (e.g., stimuli-sensitive polymers, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene

Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures

• Marina Davydova,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Jiri Smarhak,
• Alexander Kromka,
• Neda Neykova,
• Josef Nahlik,
• Jiri Kroutil,
• Jan Drahokoupil and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4

• , materials with hybrid components have become more popular in the field of sensing because the hybridization and synergic effect of organic or inorganic materials could enhance the gas sensing properties. For example, Wang et al. fabricated a ring-like PdO–NiO composite with a lamellar structure and showed a

L-Lysine-grafted graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and metal ions

• Yan Yan,
• Jie Li,
• Fangbei Kong,
• Kuankuan Jia,
• Shiyu He and
• Baorong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2680–2688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.268

• promising adsorption material for the removal of environmental pollutants. Keywords: adsorption; copper (Cu) ions; graphene; isotherms; methylene blue; Introduction Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon material with honeycomb network and sp2 hybridization. Recently, graphene-based materials have drawn

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• carbon materials are hydrophobic, they often should first be oxidized. In this case the hybridization degree (bonding, interconnection, dispersion) is strongly dependent on the choice of nanocarbon materials and surface functionalities, which has been evidenced by electrochemical investigation of ex situ

• , which is necessary for fast charge transfer in an electrochemical cell. However, in this case, the components are connected only through this limited interface that may not allow the synergism from their hybridization to be fully reach. The synthesis of two morphologically different carbon nanomaterials

• indicate the preferable sp2-hybridization of carbon atoms and their good structural organization in the layers of MWCNT–porous carbon. In order to evaluate the quantity of porous carbon and MWCNTs in the samples, we performed thermogravimetric (TG) analysis under synthetic air atmosphere (Figure 3 and

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• supported Au–thiolate layers. The patterning of these layers laterally encodes their functionality, as demonstrated by a fluorescence-based approach that relies on dye-labeled complementary DNA hybridization. Supported thin Au films can be patterned via features on PDMS stamps (controlled contact), using

• regions containing Au–alkanethiolates appeared bright in fluorescence microscopy images (Figure 2). Using this straightforward functionalization and visualization method, we investigated patterns of lifted-off Au monolayers on PDMS as substrates for DNA recognition. Upon hybridization of dye-labeled

• complementary strands, fluorescent patterns were readily observed (Figure 2A,C,D). No measurable fluorescence was detected when DNA-functionalized substrates were exposed to dye-labeled non-complementary DNA (Figure 2B). Thus, the fluorescence patterns observed in Figure 2 derive from specific hybridization

Electronic structure, transport, and collective effects in molecular layered systems

• Torsten Hahn,
• Tim Ludwig,
• Carsten Timm and
• Jens Kortus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2094–2105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.209

• similar fluorinated copper phthalocyanine (F16CoPc), has demonstrated the occurrence of hybridization [11]. It was proved that a local charge transfer which affects only the transition-metal centers changes the charge state of the transition metal and is directly related to a change of its magnetic moment

• -correlation functionals for transport calculations [38] and by the high computational cost. Second, standard functionals for DFT do not describe strongly correlated systems particularly well. Third, NEGFs can describe tunneling (hybridization) exactly but naturally lead to perturbative approximations for

• itself to approximate expansions in the tunneling between the molecule and the leads. The method is thus powerful for strong interactions but weak hybridization between the molecules and the electrodes (STM tip and substrate). The ME approach requires the formal separation of the system into the molecule

Adsorbate-driven cooling of carbene-based molecular junctions

• Giuseppe Foti and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2060–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.206

• matches that of the CA junction. This ensures that other effects introduced by the adsorbate (e.g., hybridization) are excluded. We note that the pinning behavior of the LUMO in the C and CA junctions is slightly different and therefore the LUMO peaks are matched at each applied voltage. Figure 5 shows

Intercalation of Si between MoS₂ layers

• Rik van Bremen,
• Qirong Yao,
• Soumya Banerjee,
• Deniz Cakir,
• Nuri Oncel and
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1952–1960, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.196

• monolayer of MoS2 [23]. This means that MoS2 has no states near the Fermi level and therefore hybridization with the energy bands of silicene near the Fermi level cannot occur. Recently, germanene, a 2D allotrope of germanium [24][25][26][27][28], has already been successfully grown on MoS2 [29]. Chiappe et

Coexistence of strongly buckled germanene phases on Al(111)

• Weimin Wang and
• Roger I. G. Uhrberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1946–1951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.195

• -like structures formed by the group IV atoms Si, Ge and Sn, i.e., silicene, germanene and stanene. However, Si, Ge, and Sn atoms prefer sp3 hybridization, resulting in a buckled honeycomb structure with a mixture of sp2-sp3 character [1][2][3]. As a result, the spin-orbital coupling is enlarged and the

Spin-dependent transport and functional design in organic ferromagnetic devices

• Guichao Hu,
• Shijie Xie,
• Chuankui Wang and
• Carsten Timm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1919–1931, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.192

• hybridization may modify the organic interfacial spin polarization (SP), which has triggered the new concept of “organic spinterface” [5]. Recent experimental studies have demonstrated the reproduction of conventional spintronic devices using organic counterparts, e.g., magnetoresitive devices [6][7][8]. On the

• . Another aspect worth studying is the role of disorder, which is generically important in one-dimensional systems [65]. Finally, a simple spin-independent interfacial coupling between the OFs and the electrodes is considered here. In actual devices, orbital hybridization may happen between the interacting