Electroluminescence and current–voltage measurements of single-(In,Ga)N/GaN-nanowire light-emitting diodes in a nanowire ensemble

• David van Treeck,
• Johannes Ledig,
• Gregor Scholz,
• Jonas Lähnemann,
• Mattia Musolino,
• Abbes Tahraoui,
• Oliver Brandt,
• Andreas Waag,
• Henning Riechert and
• Lutz Geelhaar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1177–1187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.117

• separated by GaN barriers of 8 nm thickness, while a 13 nm wide, Mg-doped Al0.15Ga0.85N electron-blocking layer follows the last insertion. On top of the active region a GaN:Mg cap of about 120 nm length forms the p-type region. This results in NWs with a mean length of about 800 nm and a mean diameter of

• was found that the different emission lines in the spectra and their observed evolution with increasing injection current result from different emission energies and intensities of the four (In,Ga)N insertions. The low-energy line was attributed to the EL of the first insertion (QW 1) next to the n

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• , and hence the lattice is compressed upon substitution of La by Sr atom. Any further Sr insertion leads to electron deficiency within the SrxLa1−xS–TaS2 misfits and to the weakening of cohesion between LaS and TaS2 layers. The electronic density-of-states (DOSs) for the misfits with a Sr content up to

Review of time-resolved non-contact electrostatic force microscopy techniques with applications to ionic transport measurements

• Aaron Mascaro,
• Yoichi Miyahara,
• Tyler Enright,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren and
• Peter Grütter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 617–633, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.62

• constants are plotted as a function of the programmed time constants in Figure 3c. Extending this technique to ionic transport systems requires only the insertion of an explicit time dependence of the capacitance C(t) in place of the time-dependent voltage in Equation 8. The capacitance follows the time

A comparison of tarsal morphology and traction force in the two burying beetles Nicrophorus nepalensis and Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera, Silphidae)

• Liesa Schnee,
• Benjamin Sampalla,
• Josef K. Müller and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 47–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.5

• , i.e., the “quality” of contact, are decisive [42]. In hairy systems, this mechanism is supported by the distadly angled insertion of the hairs (in analogy to a broom), facilitating detachment during a distal push, whereas the flat angle during the proximal acts against contact peeling [28][42][43

Electrostatic force microscopy for the accurate characterization of interphases in nanocomposites

• Diana El Khoury,
• Richard Arinero,
• Jean-Charles Laurentie,
• Mikhaël Bechelany,
• Michel Ramonda and
• Jérôme Castellon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2999–3012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.279

• ]. Subsurface imaging and 3D-multilayered structure studies with EFM have resulted in advances in our knowledge of specific types of materials. For instance, EFM comparison of the nanofiller diameter before and after insertion into the polymer matrix [26] showed an increase of the apparent particle diameter in

Oriented zinc oxide nanorods: A novel saturable absorber for lasers in the near-infrared

• Pavel Loiko,
• Tanujjal Bora,
• Josep Maria Serres,
• Haohai Yu,
• Magdalena Aguiló,
• Francesc Díaz,
• Uwe Griebner,
• Valentin Petrov,
• Xavier Mateos and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2730–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.255

• with picosecond pulses resulting in Isat = 16 kW/cm2, which is close to our observations. Passive Q-switching by ZnO nanorods The laser experiments were performed with the NRs grown for 5 h, because they exhibited minimum insertion loss. Stable Q-switching was also observed for the NRs grown for 10 h

• efficiency with respect to the CW mode, ηconv, was only 16% mostly due to the insertion losses of the SA. The emission spectrum of the CW laser consisted of several peaks in the spectral range 1.936–1.951 µm. These results correspond to the optimum transmission of the output coupler, TOC, of 5%. Power

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• procedures [60][61][62][63]. The rare-earth metal amidinates RE(amd)3 were synthesized by an insertion reaction of methyl lithium into 1,3-diisopropylcarbodiimide in THF. The resulting lithium amidinate solution was reacted with the RE halides in a salt metathesis reaction. The ionic liquids (ILs) [BMIm][BF4

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• to 822 mAh·g−1. This indicates that the as-prepared S/ZnO@NCNT composite is very stable and can tolerate the abusive condition of high-rate Li ion insertion and deletion. In addition to a strong S “confinement” effect of the active ZnO surface, this might also be attributed to the NCNT network and

• caused by the fast Li insertion/deletion. Moreover, small size ZnO nanoparticles provide abundant active sites for Li ion insertion and deletion and can also “buffer” the structural damage of the composite. In our previous work [13], it has been demonstrated that NCNT network and ZnO nanoparticles in ZnO

• plateaus with increasing rate. More importantly, it can be observed that there is only a small polarization of the electrode, which demonstrates highly reversible features of Li ion insertion/deletion in the S/ZnO@NCNT composite at various cycling rates. Table 1 compares the performance data reported for

Nanoscale electrochemical response of lithium-ion cathodes: a combined study using C-AFM and SIMS

• Jonathan Op de Beeck,
• Nouha Labyedh,
• Alfonso Sepúlveda,
• Valentina Spampinato,
• Alexis Franquet,
• Thierry Conard,
• Philippe M. Vereecken,
• Wilfried Vandervorst and
• Umberto Celano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1623–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.154

• changes. In Figure 1c–f we show the impact of different (tip-induced) voltage stresses applied under ambient conditions on two electrodeposited cathodes, i.e., MnO2 before (Figure 1c,d) and after lithium insertion (LMO, Figure 1e,f). From the resulting modifications of the current maps (Figure 1d,f) it is

• ). Worth noting is that also regions outside of our intended stress have slightly changed in local conductivity due to the readout bias (1.5 V). We also observed that the conductivity in the layer is not entirely uniform after lithium insertion, indicating that the LMO is not achieving maximum cathode

Electronic conduction during the formation stages of a single-molecule junction

• Atindra Nath Pal,
• Tal Klein,
• Ayelet Vilan and
• Oren Tal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1471–1477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.138

• its narrowest cross section (with conductance of ≈1 G0 and >2 G0, respectively), that is followed by the insertion of a molecule into the junction (scenarios c and d, respectively). Finally, complete breaking of the parallel junction configuration is highly unlikely (2%, scenario f), probably since it

Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Federico Venturi,
• Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
• Amir H. Tavabi,
• Alberto Rota,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
• Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

• field (0.3 T) along the side, before the insertion of the sample. The magnetization state is then observed at remanence, and reveals an onion state. (a) AFM image of a square ring. (b) Height profile corresponding to the red dashed line in (a). (c) 3D AFM topographic map of the area in (a). (d, e) MFM

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• created. This post lift-off region is found to be suitable for insertion of a variety of biological probes, which allows for the creation of different types of bioactive substrates. Depending on the modifications to the experimental conditions, the processes of direct probe insertion, molecular structure

• platform [25][26]. It is important to note that the lift-off process creates a local molecular environment that is very unique and highly suitable for the insertion of bioactive probes [26][27]. Due to the incompleteness of the contact-induced reaction, the post lift-off region represents an unusual

• stamp rendering 20 μm microchannels. Three different thiolated probe solutions (5 μM in 25 mM TRIS buffer, 150 mM NaCl, 1 μM TCEP, pH 8.2) were introduced into separated channels for 60 min biomolecule insertion. The microchannel stamp was then quickly separated from the Au substrate in a deionized

Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

• Xiaoli Sun and
• Zhiguo Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2711–2718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.270

• -point mesh was used for the calculation of adsorption and diffusion of Li on a 6 × 6 × 1 supercell. As the electrochemical process involves insertion of Li ions into anode materials with a concurrent flow of electrons to compensate charge balance, and therefore, the neutral state of Li was considered in

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• ]. Electrochemical tests of the obtained materials in 6 M KOH electrolyte evidenced a significant reduction of the interfacial contact resistance of the electrode with the insertion of MWCNTs. Luo et al. have prepared a hierarchical porous carbon–MWCNT hybrid by carbonization of a mixture of phenolic resin and

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• as films can tune interparticle distances and conductivity [115]. Van der Molen et al. presented two-dimensional arrays of gold nanoparticles with octanethiol surface ligands that could be cross-linked by molecular insertion of diarylethene moieties. Hexagonally ordered particle layers were subjected

Ta₂N₃ nanocrystals grown in Al₂O₃ thin layers

• Krešimir Salamon,
• Maja Buljan,
• Iva Šarić,
• Mladen Petravić and
• Sigrid Bernstorff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2162–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.215

• -assembly of semiconductor quantum dots in amorphous alumina or silica multilayers [18][19]. The key point of this deposition design is the insertion of dielectric layers, so called spacer layers, between all arbitrarily thick active metallic layers. In that way, upon annealing, the growth and final size of

Systematic control of α-Fe₂O₃ crystal growth direction for improved electrochemical performance of lithium-ion battery anodes

• Nan Shen,
• Miriam Keppeler,
• Barbara Stiaszny,
• Holger Hain,
• Filippo Maglia and
• Madhavi Srinivasan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2032–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.204

• a few cycles [17]. This can be attributed to the specific nanometer-scale dimensions of the material, which have several impacts: (1) improved ability to accommodate the strain during volume changes caused by lithiation/delithiation. (2) The rate of lithium insertion and removal is increased. The

Intercalation of Si between MoS₂ layers

• Rik van Bremen,
• Qirong Yao,
• Soumya Banerjee,
• Deniz Cakir,
• Nuri Oncel and
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1952–1960, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.196

• structure of the MoS2–silicene–MoS2 hetero-trilayer. The calculated interlayer distance in a pristine MoS2 bilayer is found to be 3.00 Å. Insertion of a silicene monolayer enlarges the interlayer separation between MoS2 layers from 3 Å to 6.52 Å, corresponding to an increase of the interlayer separation of

Fabrication of hierarchically porous TiO₂ nanofibers by microemulsion electrospinning and their application as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

• Jin Zhang,
• Yibing Cai,
• Xuebin Hou,
• Xiaofei Song,
• Pengfei Lv,
• Huimin Zhou and
• Qufu Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1297–1306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.131

• B2 (b) and sample C2 (c) at a current density of 40 mA·g−1. It is apparent that all the charge or discharge profiles were similar, thus implying that the processes of lithium insertion or extraction were the same. There were obvious voltage plateaus in all discharge curves at around 1.72 V and charge

Triptycene-terminated thiolate and selenolate monolayers on Au(111)

• Jinxuan Liu,
• Martin Kind,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Daniel Käfer,
• Stefanie Winkler,
• Wenhua Zhang,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 892–905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.91

• selenolate with its stronger bond to gold [7][22][23][24][25] might open an opportunity to increase the temperature range for liquid epitaxy of MOFs. The insertion of a methylene spacer group between the anchor group and aromatic moieties has been reported to improve the structural quality of, e.g

• bond, as has been found in many studies on analogous thiolate and selenolate SAMs [8][22][23][24][25]. Insertion of a methylene spacer group into the triptycene-based SAMs even has a greater stabilizing effect than the one caused by exchanging the sulfur with the selenium anchor group: The desorption

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• electron–hole pairs. Additionally, the NPs result in a large volume expansion during the Li insertion–extraction process in LIB applications which hamper their use in applications such as energy storage, sensing, advanced catalysis, solar cells, diodes and also in biometrics. Thus, strongly coupled

• insertion and extraction process, which results in decreased cyclability and rate capabilities [27]. These drawbacks can be overcome by the incorporation of graphene with TMO. As mentioned above, graphene has a relatively large capacity, much higher than commercial graphite. The high conductivity and large

• surface area of graphene help to maintain the mechanical strength of the hybrid during the Li insertion and extraction process. Graphene is used as a supercapacitor because of its unique properties, such as high surface area, excellent flexibility, chemical inertness and good electrical conductivity [28

Phosphorus-doped silicon nanorod anodes for high power lithium-ion batteries

• Chao Yan,
• Qianru Liu,
• Jianzhi Gao,
• Zhibo Yang and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 222–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.24

• cracking and pulverization of electrodes during Li-ion insertion and extraction [6]. Numerous results have proven that fabricating nanostructured Si-based anode materials could effectively accommodate the severe volume changes during cycling [7][8]. Lu et al. developed an architecture of flexible silicon

• structure. From Figure 2b, it can be seen that the thickness of the Si layer was about 150 nm, and the Si shell was composed of small Si columns with significant free space, which is beneficial to accommodate the large volume changes during Li-ion insertion and extraction. The high-resolution TEM image

• shown in Figure 2c provides direct evidence for the amorphous nature of the Si layer. Li-ions diffuse much faster in amorphous than in crystalline materials. The degradation of the Si anode caused by Li-ion insertion and extraction could also be suppressed in amorphous structures since the volume

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• its low band gap and large optical absorption [20][21] in the visible and IR spectral range. This material has also encouraged theoretical studies due to its peculiarities related to the hydrogen insertion. In the case of TiO2 nanoparticles, hydrogen induces the amorphization of a layer at the surface

Intercalation and structural aspects of macroRAFT agents into MgAl layered double hydroxides

• Dessislava Kostadinova,
• Ana Cenacchi Pereira,
• Muriel Lansalot,
• Franck D’Agosto,
• Elodie Bourgeat-Lami,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Christine Taviot-Guého,
• Sylvian Cadars and
• Vanessa Prevot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2000–2012, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.191

• interaction with the LDH and BA units to investigate the effect of the insertion of butyl hydrophobic units on the hybrid LDH material structure (Figure 1). In using AA as hydrophilic monomer, a macroRAFT polymer containing 49 AA units was obtained (Mn = 3800 g mol−1; Ð = 1.18). During the copolymerization of

Effect of nanostructured carbon coatings on the electrochemical performance of Li_1.4Ni_0.5Mn_0.5O_2+x-based cathode materials

• Konstantin A. Kurilenko,
• Oleg A. Shlyakhtin,
• Oleg A. Brylev,
• Dmitry I. Petukhov and
• Alexey V. Garshev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1960–1970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.187

• 3.85 V at the 15th cycle). This fact confirms a poorer reversibility of lithium insertion/extraction into the pure Li1.4Ni0.5Mn0.5O2+x. The electrokinetic properties of LNM/C nanocomposite obtained by the pyrolysis of linear PVA are significantly better than the ones of the corresponding composite

• oxidation of the electrolyte upon cycling. Electrochemical impedance (EI) measurements were performed to investigate the details of the lithium insertion-extraction processes in LNM/C nanocomposite cathodes (Figure 5A–D). All the plots are mainly composed of a small intercept at high frequencies, a

• dehydration of this polymer, the formation of C=C double bonds is much less probable. Conclusion The various properties of carbonaceous nanocoatings affect both the kinetics of lithium insertion–extraction and the electrochemical properties of LNM/C composites. The presence of carbon results in a decrease of