Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• . Data analysis was done with the WITec Control FOUR 4.1 software. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was done on a Netzsch TG 209F1 from 30 °C to 1000 °C with a heating rate of 10 K/min in synthetic air. To evaluate the reproducibility of the measurements, one sample was analyzed three times. All data

• phase (anatase, rutile, brookite) is, however, not possible because of the breadth of these bands. Figure S7, Supporting Information File 1 shows thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data. The TGA curves of the pure silk show two steps. The first step which spans up to 105 °C with a 4% weight loss, can be

Preparation and characterization of polycarbonate/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposites

• Claudio Larosa,
• Niranjan Patra,
• Marco Salerno,
• Lara Mikac,
• Remo Merijs Meri and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2026–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.203

• . Instrument calibration was performed using silicon samples. To investigate the stability, purity and thermal resistance of the materials, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used [11][12][13][14] (TGA/DSC-1, Mettler-Toledo, Italy). Simultaneous differential thermal analysis (DTA) was used to characterize

Carbon nano-onions as fluorescent on/off modulated nanoprobes for diagnostics

• Stefania Lettieri,
• Marta d’Amora,
• Adalberto Camisasca,
• Alberto Diaspro and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1878–1888, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.188

• -CNOs-1b had a λem of 633 upon photoexcitation of 600 nm in DMSO. Hence, the ICT characteristics of the dye are preserved on the CNOs. Characterization of CNOs Oxi- and fluo-CNOs were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Raman spectroscopy to prove the successful surface

• . Experimental Materials All solvents and reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich in high purity grade. All reactions and measurements were carried out under ambient conditions, unless otherwise stated. Instrumentation Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) TGA was conducted on a TA Q500 analyzer, using a platinum

• : Excitation at 600 nm; emission at 633 nm) in DMSO. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) spectra of the functionalized CNOs. TGA (solid lines) and the corresponding weight loss derivatives (dotted lines) of p-CNOs (black), oxi-CNOs (blue) and fluo-CNOs (red). All experiments were run in air at a temperature rate

Oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers and carbon nanofibers containing graphene oxide (GO): a spectroscopic and electrochemical study

• İlknur Gergin,
• Ezgi Ismar and
• A. Sezai Sarac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1616–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.161

• nanofiber webs were characterized by using a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) (TA Q800 Dynamic Mechanical Analyser). Thermal behavior of nanofiber webs was examined with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, Q 50 from TA instruments). The structure of the nanofiber webs was characterized by attenuated total

Preparation of thick silica coatings on carbon fibers with fine-structured silica nanotubes induced by a self-assembly process

• Benjamin Baumgärtner,
• Hendrik Möller,
• Thomas Neumann and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1145–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.116

• analysis (TGA) was performed with a TA Instruments Q500 Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Nitrogen gas sorption isotherms of LPEI/silica composite particles at 77 K were recorded with a Quantachrome NOVA 2000 Series instrument. Prior to measurements, the samples were heated for 2 h in vacuum at 110 °C (LPEI

• T050 us). Silicon carbide fibers (Goodfellow GmbH; average diameter 15 µm) were used as received. The activated carbon felt was kindly supplied by Unitika Ltd. and was pretreated by heating for 5 h at 190 °C in a thermostatically controlled oven in air atmosphere. Characterizations Thermogravimetric

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• the emitted photoelectrons. The binding energies were corrected using the background C 1s line (285.0 eV) as a reference [29]. XPS spectra were analysed with Casa-XPS software using a Shirley background subtraction and Gaussian–Lorentzian fits. Simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and

Bio-inspired micro-to-nanoporous polymers with tunable stiffness

• Julia Syurik,
• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Prerna Sudera,
• Stephan Weyand,
• Siegbert Johnsen,
• Gabriele Wiegand and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 906–914, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.92

• , Switzerland) sheets of 500 μm thickness, with a glass-transition temperature (Tg) of 105 °C (measured by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for the PMMA sheets) and a bulk elastic modulus of 3300 MPa. The as-purchased PMMA films were cut to 20 mm × 20 mm chips and clamped between two flat metal plates with four

Recombinant DNA technology and click chemistry: a powerful combination for generating a hybrid elastin-like-statherin hydrogel to control calcium phosphate mineralization

• Mohamed Hamed Misbah,
• Mercedes Santos,
• Luis Quintanilla,
• Christina Günter,
• Matilde Alonso,
• Andreas Taubert and
• José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 772–783, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.80

• Instruments, Inc.). 6.5 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) Dry samples were ground in an agate mortar prior to TGA analysis. TGA experiments were performed using a Mettler-Toledo thermo-balance S.A.E instrument with a horizontal furnace and an automatic gas flow controller. Samples were weighed in a 70 µL

• band at around 881 cm−1 is assigned to HPO42−, most likely due to the presence of DCPD. The bands at around 600 and 550 cm−1 are assigned to ν4(PO4)3− bending mode. Figure 5 shows the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves obtained for the ELR hydrogels after mineralization and drying. The first

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• same composition but made in acetone or methanol only shows minor differences, which are within the sample to sample variation typically observed in these reactions. Figure 4 shows representative thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data of the pure organosilica host materials. All TGA curves exhibit a

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-4800, Hitachi), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, Tecnai F20) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, Perkin Elmer TGA 7). Electrochemical measurements Working electrodes were fabricated by a standard slurry casting procedure. The as-prepared anode material (70 wt

• the Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Smaller secondary particles are clearly observed. The measured (110) lattice spacing is 0.25 nm, which is in agreement with [35]. The thermal stability of the as-prepared Fe2O3/COOH-MWCNT composites was measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Thermogravimetric analysis

• (TGA) was carried out in oxygen by heating the samples to 700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C·min−1 (Figure 3). A weight loss of approximately 6% can be observed at a temperature of 100 °C indicating a loss of absorbed water in the sample. Fe2O3/COOH-MWCNT composites decomposed in two steps in a

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• catalytic Cu-PMDETA complex, with polymerization times of 1 to 3 h. The polymer coating was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) [15]. For all samples the grafted chain density was 1.4 chain nm−2, i.e., significantly higher than the results previously

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• cm−1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was acquired on a Netzsch Jupiter STA 449 C using an alumina crucible. The nanoparticles were firstly heat-treated from 25 to 150 °C (10 °C·min−1), maintained at 150 °C for 30 min, cooled down to room temperature, and heat-treated again from 25 to 200 °C (2

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• the organic material (for example, 2922 cm−1 assigned to CH2, medium) [26]. A reverse phenomenon was observed in the NPT1a spectrum, and this suggests that the content of the inorganic core in NPT1b is much higher. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3) was used to

• the scan step was 0.01 and 0.02, respectively. For analysis of single crystals and for powder diffraction measurements of several samples, an Oxford-Diffraction XCALIBUR E CCD diffractometer equipped with monochromated Mo Kα radiation was used. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a

Controlled supramolecular structure of guanosine monophosphate in the interlayer space of layered double hydroxide

• Gyeong-Hyeon Gwak,
• Istvan Kocsis,
• Yves-Marie Legrand,
• Mihail Barboiu and
• Jae-Min Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1928–1935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.184

• molecular orientation of GMPs. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, the chemical formula of GL-S and GL-R were determined to be Mg2.00Al(OH)6(GMP)0.37(NO3)0.26·(H2Ointerlayer)(0.63H2Osurface) and Mg2.00Al(OH)6(GMP)0.42(NO3)0.16·(H2Ointerlayer

In situ formation of reduced graphene oxide structures in ceria by combined sol–gel and solvothermal processing

• Jingxia Yang,
• Johannes Ofner,
• Bernhard Lendl and
• Ulrich Schubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1815–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.174

• , and then deposited on copper grids covered with carbon films. FTIR spectra with 4 cm−1 resolution were recorded on a Bruker Tensor 27 equipped with an ATR Micro Focusing MVP-QL with a ZnSe crystal, using OPUS 4.0 software for analysis. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a Netzsch Iris

Influence of hydrothermal synthesis parameters on the properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

• Sylwia Kuśnieruk,
• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Agnieszka Chodara,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1586–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.153

• thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results (Table 8) provided information about total water content. The surface water and structural water can be distinguished. While heating, the water adsorbed on the surface evaporates up to 200 °C, then the structural water is evaporated subsequently in the temperature range 200

Development of adsorptive membranes by confinement of activated biochar into electrospun nanofibers

• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Mitra Naghdi,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• Emile Knystautas,
• Mausam Verma,
• Rao. Y. Surampalli and
• Jose. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1556–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.149

• (BET) specific surface areas were obtained from the N2 adsorption isotherms recorded at 77 K using an Autosorb-1 gas analyzer (Quantachrome Instruments, USA) in the relative pressure range from 0.05 to 1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed using

Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases

• Oihane K. Arriortua,
• Eneko Garaio,
• Borja Herrero de la Parte,
• Maite Insausti,
• Luis Lezama,
• Fernando Plazaola,
• Jose Angel García,
• Jesús M. Aizpurua,
• Maialen Sagartzazu,
• Mireia Irazola,
• Nestor Etxebarria,
• Ignacio García-Alonso,
• Alberto Saiz-López and
• José Javier Echevarria-Uraga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1532–1542, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.147

• scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed. The XRD profiles of the synthesized Fe3O4 NPs confirmed the presence of nanocrystalline structures with quite broad diffraction peaks whose positions and relative intensities match well with the standard profile of the characteristic

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• form (i.e., γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in the hybrids with SPIO). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), supported again by TEM, were applied to monitor the effects of wrapping with organic moieties. Infrared spectroscopy has commonly been used to follow the

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• and time on the properties of the particles was investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis and X-ray

• particle size (Dh) was measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) on a ZEN 3600 Zetasizer Nano Instrument (Malvern Instruments; Malvern, UK) at pH 1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed in air using a Perkin Elmer TGA 7 analyzer (Norwalk, CT, USA) from 30 to 850 °C at a heating rate of 10

Fabrication of hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds by incorporating ligand-free hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into biodegradable polymer scaffolds and release studies

• Balazs Farkas,
• Marina Rodio,
• Ilaria Romano,
• Alberto Diaspro,
• Romuald Intartaglia and
• Szabolcs Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2217–2223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.227

• into biodegradable polymer resin. We also present HA NPs release studies. Results and Discussion Materials characterization In order to evaluate the effects of nanoparticle incorporation, the cured resins have been characterized through nanoindentation, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), profilometry

• through the Oliver and Pharr method each time. The stiffness of the whole sample was acquired eventually by calculating the mean value of these aforementioned 16 points. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted in a TGA Q500 from TA Instruments. The sample was placed in a platinum pan with an

A single-source precursor route to anisotropic halogen-doped zinc oxide particles as a promising candidate for new transparent conducting oxide materials

• Daniela Lehr,
• Markus R. Wagner,
• Johanna Flock,
• Julian S. Reparaz,
• Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres,
• Alexander Klaiber,
• Thomas Dekorsy and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2161–2172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.222

• detail. We chose a thermal route for the transformation of the precursors into the final materials. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) reveals important information about the thermal behavior of the anticipated single source precursor [Cl(Et)3Zn4(OiPr)4] (Figure 2a). It can be seen that there is hardly any

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Results and Discussion In this study we successfully designed, synthesized, and compared two hybrid magnetic–gold nanocomposites by applying chitosan and one of its well-known

• [35]. Given that the applications of such nanoparticles are based on their sufficient magnetic properties, the use of TMC (with better magnetic properties as compared to the classical chitosan system) is recommended, especially in biomedical applications. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) During the

Manganese oxide phases and morphologies: A study on calcination temperature and atmospheric dependence

• Matthias Augustin,
• Daniela Fenske,
• Ingo Bardenhagen,
• Anne Westphal,
• Martin Knipper,
• Thorsten Plaggenborg,
• Joanna Kolny-Olesiak and
• Jürgen Parisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 47–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.6

• oxidation process of Mn(II) glycolate to the manganese oxide species observed in the XRD patterns (see Figure 3 and Figure 4) was also investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). TGA measurements were recorded while heating the Mn(II) glycolate samples up to 700 °C with a heating rate of 2 K/min in an

• for 350 min. The powder sample was placed on a corundum sample holder. During the measurement the thermal expansion was corrected automatically. The measurements were performed in an O2 flow. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were carried out with a Netzsch

A visible-light-driven composite photocatalyst of TiO₂ nanotube arrays and graphene quantum dots

• Donald K. L. Chan,
• Po Ling Cheung and
• Jimmy C. Yu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 689–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.81

• ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The product exhibited high photocatalytic performance in the photodegradation of methylene blue and enhanced photocurrent under visible