Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• diamond Schottky diode and to understand the underlying switching mechanisms, we performed a time-resolved measurement of NV-intensity during switching between the fluorescent (NV− and NV0) and nonfluorescent (NV+) states. To record the time evolution of the NV intensity during switching between NV− or

• rectangle pulse of amplitude ±15 V or ±20 V with a period of 4 µs was applied. The voltage ramping for switching between ±20 V takes place within 100 ns. Thus, a switching from NV− (+20 V) to NV+ (<+15 V) and vice versa will take place theoretically within 10–15 ns. The result of the time-resolved NV

• -intensity measurement in Figure 5 shows that switching from NV− to NV+ generally takes place much faster than switching from NV+ to NV−. In Figure 6, all results of a time-resolved intensity measurement for switching between the states NV− ↔ NV+ or NV0 ↔ NV+ are summarised. From fitting the following

The influence of phthalocyanine aggregation in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the photophysical properties of the complexes

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov,
• Kevin Berwick and
• Alexander V. Baranov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.94

• –vis absorption and PL detection UV–visible absorption spectra were recorded using a UV3600 (Shimadzu) spectrophotometer. Steady-state photoluminescence spectra were measured using a Cary Eclipse (Varian) spectrofluorometer. Time-resolved PL spectroscopy was performed using a time-correlated single

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

Hemolysin coregulated protein 1 as a molecular gluing unit for the assembly of nanoparticle hybrid structures

• Tuan Anh Pham,
• Andreas Schreiber,
• Elena V. Sturm (née Rosseeva),
• Stefan Schiller and
• Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 351–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.32

• Au NPs containing 2 equiv Hcp1_cys3 with 0 and 6 mM NaCl concentration. B) Details of the UV–vis spectra in A). C) UV–vis spectra of Au NP mixture containing 12 mM NaCl with and without 2 equiv Hcp1_cys3. A) Overview of time-resolved UV–vis spectra during the self-assembly reaction of the Hcp1_cys3

Light-powered, artificial molecular pumps: a minimalistic approach

• Giulio Ragazzon,
• Massimo Baroncini,
• Serena Silvi,
• Margherita Venturi and
• Alberto Credi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2096–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.214

• molecular axle 1H+ (Figure 4) was thus synthesized, and the photoinduced transit of the dibenzo-24-crown-8 ether 2 was investigated in acetonitrile at room temperature by steady state and time-resolved 1H NMR spectroscopy and UV–vis absorption experiments [32]. The kinetic measurements demonstrated that the

The role of low-energy electrons in focused electron beam induced deposition: four case studies of representative precursors

• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Ragesh Kumar T. P.,
• D. Howard Fairbrother and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1904–1926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.194

• the chemical composition of the remaining film was probed by XPS, HREELS was used to study the change in vibrational modes of the adsorbed molecules. Figure 15 shows a time-resolved mass spectrum monitoring the PF3 desorption during electron exposure after an initial electron dose of 0, 1.5 × 1014

Peptide-equipped tobacco mosaic virus templates for selective and controllable biomineral deposition

• Klara Altintoprak,
• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Alexander Welle,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Petia Atanasova,
• Nina Stitz,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Joachim Bill,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Holger Jeske,
• Dirk Rothenstein,
• Fania Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1399–1412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.145

• for SEM (for details, refer to text). Time-resolved monitoring of silica shell growth on TMV–KD10 templates: TEM analysis of non-stained specimens, after the reaction times indicated above. Total average diameters (Ø ± standard deviations) of mineralized TMV–KD10-hybrids were determined from 11–15

Electronic interaction in composites of a conjugated polymer and carbon nanotubes: first-principles calculation and photophysical approaches

• Florian Massuyeau,
• Jany Wéry,
• Jean-Luc Duvail,
• Serge Lefrant,
• Abu Yaya,
• Chris Ewels and
• Eric Faulques

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1138–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.115

• network when nanotubes are semiconducting. Keywords: composite; conjugated polymer; DFT calculations; energy transfer; photoconductivity; single wall carbon nanotubes; time-resolved photoluminescence; Introduction Electroactive conjugated polymers (ECPs) are technologically promising for organic light

• green-yellow range, and photoconduction under UV or blue light excitation. In this report we present an investigation of the photoexcitation and exciton migration processes in composites of PPV and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) by means of time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) and

• photoconductivity measurements. These techniques are appropriate tools to understand the energy transfer mechanisms involved by the introduction of SWNTs into the PPV polymer matrix. In particular, time-resolved PL measurements give crucial information about the nature of photogenerated charges and their migration

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• time-resolved determination of NP-specific fingerprints. This method, based on label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), allows for an insight into the time-evolution of the full serum protein corona. Such information, especially for short exposure times, is urgently needed to

• understand the interactions between NPs and biological systems. Briefly, they used their LC-MS based method to measure time-resolved corona compositions on silica and polystyrene NPs in human serum. By using NPs of various sizes (diameters of about 35, 120, 140 nm), and surface functionalities (amine

Overview of nanoscale NEXAFS performed with soft X-ray microscopes

• Peter Guttmann and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 595–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.61

• ] and for the investigation of magnetic nanostructures [46][47]. In the latter case the magnetic properties as a function of an applied magnetic field as well as time resolved measurements [48] are performed to study the electronic functionalities for example in magnetic random access memories (MRAMS

• the nanoscale range and allows time resolved measurements [57]. With the new optical concept of the HZB-TXM it was demonstrated for the first time that NEXAFS by studying sodium titanate nanostructures at the Ti-L-absorption edge in the soft X-ray region can be performed with a full field microscope

The effect of surface charge on nonspecific uptake and cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots

• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Anna Pietuch,
• Marco Tarantola,
• Thomas Basché and
• Andreas Janshoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 281–292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.26

• insulators, blocking the current flow at the applied frequency of 4 kHz and thereby enhancing the impedance signal. Time-resolved measurements of the cellular impedance signal provide information about the behavior of the adherent epithelial cell monolayer and its response upon nanoparticle exposure [25][26

• . After 24 h of adhesion and spreading of the cells, the cell layer reached confluency and was treated with QDs carrying different surface modifications. Time-resolved impedance data were acquired with the ECIS setup ECIS ZΩ (Applied Biophysics, Troy, NY). Impedance background data were recorded at a

Mechanical properties of MDCK II cells exposed to gold nanorods

• Anna Pietuch,
• Bastian Rouven Brückner,
• David Schneider,
• Marco Tarantola,
• Christina Rosman,
• Carsten Sönnichsen and
• Andreas Janshoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 223–231, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.21

• about cellular properties like the cytoskeleton or the plasma membrane [21]. Alternatively, mechanical properties of cells in response to nanoparticle exposure can be monitored time resolved by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (D-QCM) [14][22][23]. The QCM-method records

Kelvin probe force microscopy in liquid using electrochemical force microscopy

• Liam Collins,
• Stephen Jesse,
• Jason I. Kilpatrick,
• Alexander Tselev,
• M. Baris Okatan,
• Sergei V. Kalinin and
• Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 201–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.19

• measurements are demonstrated in ionically-active (polar isopropanol, milli-Q water and aqueous NaCl) and ionically-inactive (non-polar decane) liquids by electrochemical force microscopy (EcFM), a multidimensional (i.e., bias- and time-resolved) spectroscopy method. In the absence of mobile charges (ambient

• measurements in air and milli-Q water are compared to illustrate the infeasibility of implementing KPFM in ionically-active liquids. A multidimensional (i.e., bias- and time-resolved) spectroscopy method, referred to as electrochemical force microscopy (EcFM) [38], is subsequently investigated for performing

• implementation of KPFM in ionically-active liquids and necessitates the adoption of multidimensional bias- and time-resolved techniques, as demonstrated here. Most electrochemical systems of interest (i.e., energy or biological systems), however, require characterization at high ion concentration >100 mM. Thus

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• and optical band gap properties was evaluated [91]. Two intense blue emission peaks at ~480 nm and ~365 nm were observed upon encapsulation of BNNTs with Ni. The time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy (TRPL) provided a photoluminescence spectrum with a bi-exponential decay of 280 ps. It was

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

• Christina Rosman,
• Sebastien Pierrat,
• Marco Tarantola,
• David Schneider,
• Eva Sunnick,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

• electrode is shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4. Time-resolved measurements of Z at a fixed frequency, for instance a frequency at which the impedance is largely influenced by the parameter αECIS, allows for the observation of the micromotion of cells. This micromotion therefore occurs due to

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• contribution of the hydration shell in non-polar or aqueous solution. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements showed that the photoluminescence dynamics of Au@MnO@SiO2-Atto495 Janus particles can be described by a bi-exponential decay progress. That is, it consists of two independent exponential decay

• vector q2 in the range of scattering angle 30° ≤ θ ≤ 150°. (a) Time-resolved fluorescence spectra of Au nanoparticles (green), Atto495 (orange), MnO@SiO2 (red), and Au@MnO@SiO2-Atto495 (blue) after excitation at λ = 400 nm by a 100 fs pulse indicating the absence of electron transfer between Au and MnO

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

• molecule detection threshold, as they succeeded in detecting the motion of a single bipyridylethylene (BPE) molecule in a time-resolved SE-CARS experiment [84]. 5.2.2 Surfaces: With the perspective of a better reproducibility of the signal enhancement, different researches have been carried on solid sample

• , investigations demonstrated that the electronic background that derives from the water and the metal could also be reduced on such kind of solid substrates. Voronine et al. used time-resolved surface-enhanced CARS, which combines delayed laser pulses of different widths, to obtain a high spectral resolution with

Properties of plasmonic arrays produced by pulsed-laser nanostructuring of thin Au films

• Katarzyna Grochowska,
• Katarzyna Siuzdak,
• Peter A. Atanasov,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Anna Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov and
• Gerard Śliwiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2102–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.219

• (instability driven) separation [1]. They are both dependent on the laser irradiation conditions. From time-resolved studies of the transport phenomena, droplet formation and dynamics of the thermocapillary effect in Al, Au and Co films, thermal gradients of about 109 K/m were concluded [2][3][4]. This was

• laser pulses of duration longer than 50 ps, the interaction effect is photothermal in nature, while for shorter pulses, the ballistic energy transfer dominates [22][23]. In a recent paper on the nanosecond laser effect, Kneier et al. reported time-resolved data from interferometric measurements and

The gut wall provides an effective barrier against nanoparticle uptake

• Heike Sinnecker,
• Thorsten Krause,
• Sabine Koelling,
• Ingmar Lautenschläger and
• Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2092–2101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.218

• multi-mode microplate reader (SpectraMax M5; Molecular Devices, Biberach an der Riss, Germany) at excitation/emission wavelengths of 480/515 nm. The luminescence of the europium-containing 40 nm NPs was analyzed time resolved with a delay of 200 µs and an integration time of 1000 µs with excitation

Effects of surface functionalization on the adsorption of human serum albumin onto nanoparticles – a fluorescence correlation spectroscopy study

• Pauline Maffre,
• Stefan Brandholt,
• Karin Nienhaus,
• Li Shang,
• Wolfgang J. Parak and
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2036–2047, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.212

• taken on a time-resolved microscopy system (Microtime 200, Picoquant, Berlin, Germany) using an inverted epi-fluorescence microscope (IX71, Olympus). Here, the sample is excited by a pulsed, solid state, 530 nm laser (LDH-P-FA-530, Picoquant), sent into the water-immersion objective (UPLSAPO 60XW

• -AQR-13, Perkin Elmer, Rodgau, Germany). Recorded fluorescence time traces are cross-correlated by commercial software (SymPhoTime, Picoquant). The dual-focus fluorescence correlation spectroscopy setup based on the time-resolved microscope MicroTime 200 was already described elsewhere [39][46]. Data

Electrostatic interplay: The interaction triangle of polyamines, silicic acid, and phosphate studied through turbidity measurements, silicomolybdic acid test, and ²⁹Si NMR spectroscopy

• Anne Jantschke,
• Katrin Spinde and
• Eike Brunner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2026–2035, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.211

• simple possibility for the time-resolved study of self-assembly processes in solutions containing organic molecules and silicic acid as has been demonstrated by Robinson et al. [48]. The process of self-assembly and silica polycondensation reaction increases the turbidity of the solution, which causes an

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• bound form a soft corona. The corona is reported to be highly dynamic. Depending on the medium more abundant proteins are quickly adsorbed but gradually replaced by proteins with higher affinity [112][113]. However, more recent studies involving the time-resolved screening of 300 blood proteins by

• proteomics seems to indicate that the time resolved changes in the composition of the corona are not that pronounced [110]. However, protein-nanoparticle interactions for totally ligand-free nanoparticles have not been extensively studied [68], though it is reported that protein deformation is more likely to

Observation and analysis of structural changes in fused silica by continuous irradiation with femtosecond laser light having an energy density below the laser-induced damage threshold

• Wataru Nomura,
• Tadashi Kawazoe,
• Takashi Yatsui,
• Makoto Naruse and
• Motoichi Ohtsu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1334–1340, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.146

• -resolved measurement of reflectance To analyze in detail the spectral changes occurring with laser-induced degradation due to continuous irradiation with laser light having an energy density below the LIDT, as confirmed in the previous section, we conducted an experiment to evaluate the time-resolved

• side as the degradation proceeded. We estimated the origin of the 2nd peaks were Raman signals of degraded silica and this result represented the compositional changes in the molecular proceeds with the laser-induced degradation proceeded. 2 Analysis of degradation via pump–probe method 2.1 Time

Purification of ethanol for highly sensitive self-assembly experiments

• Kathrin Barbe,
• Martin Kind,
• Christian Pfeiffer and
• Andreas Terfort

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1254–1260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.139

• long exposure times, it has been found that for kinetic studies even very minor contaminations can significantly affect the measurements [29]. Of the different time-resolved methods to determine monolayer formation, surface-plasmon resonance (SPR) [30][31] and a resistivity sensor developed by Bohn et

Adsorption and oxidation of formaldehyde on a polycrystalline Pt film electrode: An in situ IR spectroscopy search for adsorbed reaction intermediates

• Zenonas Jusys and
• R. Jürgen Behm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 747–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.87

• following, we will, after a brief description of the experimental procedures, present time resolved series of ATR-FTIR spectra recorded at different temperatures and potentials and using both H and D labeled compounds. We will compare the initial spectra to identify the adsorbed intermediates, followed by a