Precursor sticking coefficient determination from indented deposits fabricated by electron beam induced deposition

• Alexander Kuprava and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 35–43, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.4

• . Firstly, the sticking coefficient of the molecules stemming from directed and diffuse flow will be different due to the different kinetic energies, as precursor gas from the gas injection system and precursor gas from surrounding surfaces are at different equilibrium temperatures. In other work involving

Bioinspired nanofilament coatings for scale reduction on steel

• Siad Dahir Ali,
• Mette Heidemann Rasmussen,
• Jacopo Catalano,
• Christian Husum Frederiksen and
• Tobias Weidner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 25–34, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.3

• . This reduction is attributed to altered flow dynamics near the super-hydrophobic surface, inhibiting nucleation and growth of scale. Our findings highlight the potential of bioinspired SNF coatings to enhance the performance and longevity of steel surfaces in industrial environments. Keywords

• the plate corresponding to the flow of oil/water equivalent to 10,000 barrels per day in a 4-inch nominal steel pipe. Figure 2C shows a simulation of the fluid streamlines and shear stress on the samples matching the shear stress value in a 4-inch pipe at a flow rate of 10,000 barrels per day. The

• shear stress at the plate is reported in Figure 2D for different angular velocities and corresponding volumetric flow rates. Super-hydrophobicity of SNF coatings on steel Figure 3A shows a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of a stainless-steel surface coated with SNFs. The wire-type structures

A nanocarrier containing carboxylic and histamine groups with dual action: acetylcholine hydrolysis and antidote atropine delivery

• Elina E. Mansurova,
• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Anzhela A. Mikhailova,
• Polina V. Mikshina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 11–24, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.2

• to use. Elution was carried out using 0.05 M K2HPO4, pH 7.4, at a flow rate of 0.5 mL·min−1 and a column temperature of 40 °C with refractive index detection on a 1260 Infinity detector (Agilent, Germany) at an optical unit temperature of 35 °C. Polyacrylic acid standards of 240, 5, and 1.8 kDa (Alfa

Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

• Abhishek Das,
• Mangababu Akkanaboina,
• Jagannath Rathod,
• R. Sai Prasad Goud,
• Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
• Raghu C. Reddy,
• Ratheesh Ravendran,
• Katia Vutova,
• S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

• , repetition rate, wavelength, and pulse energy, as is evident from earlier reports [11][18][31], where no such nanofibre formation is reported. However, the formation of nanofibres has been reported in [10][30]. Due to Brownian motion [48], some nuclei and crystals escape from the jet flow and agglomerate [43

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• the substrate is 450 to 500 °C for different deposition parameters. In the simulation, the laminar flow of species contributing to the film growth was confirmed, and the simulated concentration profiles of H° and SiO near the filaments and the sources were as expected. H° and SiO are essential species

• ; chemical reactions; flow dynamics; HFCVD; hot filament chemical vapor deposition; SiOx films; Introduction The growth of materials such as non-stoichiometric silicon oxide (SiOx) is an important step in semiconductor devices development. Control of deposition parameters determines the success of the

• process and the properties of the films, with the most important parameters being substrate temperature, gas pressure, species concentration, and flow velocity [1]. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of the SiOx, more generally known as silicon-rich oxide (SRO), films are determined by the

Natural nanofibers embedded in the seed mucilage envelope: composite hydrogels with specific adhesive and frictional properties

• Agnieszka Kreitschitz and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1603–1618, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.126

• run-off [30][127][128]. Pan et al. [36] tested the effect of erosive surface flow on seeds attached by wet mucilage to the substrate; they summarised that wet (as well as dry) mucilage allowed most species to stay anchored to the substrate. However, the adhesion strength of hydrated mucilage is much

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• developed to detect ENR, including microbiological methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) [6], chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), chromatography (HPLC, UPLC), [3][7][8], flow immunochromatographic assays [9], and fluorescence measurements [10]. However, these methods have high

Integrating high-performance computing, machine learning, data management workflows, and infrastructures for multiscale simulations and nanomaterials technologies

• Fabio Le Piane,
• Mario Vozza,
• Matteo Baldoni and
• Francesco Mercuri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1498–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.119

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• . Cell cycle analysis and apoptotic studies by flow cytometry revealed much higher apoptotic activity and cellular internalization of CUR-PLHNPs in MCF-7 cells compared to free CUR. Further, the CUR-PLHNPs showed a significantly lower IC50 value (i.e., 7 µg/mL) than free CUR (10.72 µg/mL). Zhao et al

• against HCT-116 cells, in terms of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, was assessed using flow cytometry. Comparison with APN suspension showed significant improvements favoring APN-PLHNPs. Additionally, the anticancer mechanism was further explored by examining the gene expression of key signaling molecules

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• approach takes the form Equation 8 [51]: where U(x) and S(x) are the quantities corresponding to the resultant electric field and phase, respectively. The power flow density across the structure also known as the Poynting vector S(x) is proportional to the square of new field intensity and the spatial

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

• The-Long Phan,
• Le Viet Cuong,
• Vu Dinh Lam and
• Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

• Torr. After that, the gas mixture of Ar/O2 ≈ 4:1 at a flow rate of ≈300 sccm was introduced and used as a transport gas, which ensured the growth condition to be at atmospheric pressure. The growth was executed at a temperature range of T = 600–700 °C. After growth for 6–10 h, the CVD system was cooled

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• BSA [36]. Similar surface-induced thrombus properties were observed in other SLIPS applications, where, in comparison to untreated surfaces, SLIPS-treated surfaces under dynamic blood flow yielded significantly lower thrombi weights [4]. Finally, platelet adhesion was quantified from SEM micrographs

Investigation of Hf/Ti bilayers for the development of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters

• Victoria Y. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1353–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.108

• of the bulk resistivity at room temperature of 3.3 × 10−7 Ω·m [11]. The variation of calculated resistivity between bridges of different sizes is likely not due to physically different film properties, but rather due to rough estimations not taking into account the edge effects for the current flow

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• . The mobile phase included a mixture of acetonitrile and water (40:60 v/v) at a 0.2 mL/min flow rate. The method was developed using CTAB powder as standard at different concentrations of 0.625, 1.2, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL in water. The blank sample (which consisted only of solvent) was also analyzed

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• cause leakage, that is, parasitic current flow through the insulating layer. Eliminating the halo effect is virtually impossible; however, the size of the halo can be measured, and its negative effects can be eliminated by proper spacing between conducting FEBID deposits [22]. Another approach is to

• , 17 pA, 13 ms dwell time, a single line pattern in a single pass with 4 nm pitch, and MeCpPtMe3 precursor at 321 K with a flow rate of 8.5 × 10−4 μm3/s. The pattern line was set to begin on one electrode and end on the other (Figure 7). In between, the nanowire growth proceeded horizontally with an

The role of a tantalum interlayer in enhancing the properties of Fe₃O₄ thin films

• Hai Dang Ngo,
• Vo Doan Thanh Truong,
• Van Qui Le,
• Hoai Phuong Pham and
• Thi Kim Hang Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1253–1259, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.101

• process [14][15]. The impact of substrate temperature, annealing temperature, gas flow rate, and thickness on enhancing the characteristics of Fe3O4 thin films has been examined [15][16][17][18]. The substrates play a crucial role in directing the growth and enhancing the quality of the crystal, resulting

• ) substrates were prepared by immersing them in a methanol bath at a temperature of 60 °C and drying them in N2 gas flow. Subsequently, the purified substrates were moved into an ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber and underwent a pre-heating process at 600 °C for 30 min in order to eliminate any remaining

• impurities. The SiO2/Si(100) substrates were immersed in acetone and 2-propanol for a duration of 2 min in an ultrasonic bath. Subsequently, they were immersed in a solution of methanol at a temperature of 60 °C and then dried in N2 gas flow. A 5 nm thick layer of tantalum was deposited on a SiO2/Si(100

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• Biosystems) liquid chromatography system through a Proxeon nanoelectrospray ion source. Peptides were separated at a flow rate of 300 nL/min in a 2–90% acetonitrile gradient in 0.1% formic acid for a total gradient time of 65 min (35% acetonitrile at 33 min) using a PicoFrit analytical column (20 cm × ID75

• (DAPI). After that, samples were analyzed on the Operetta High Content Screening System microscope (PerkinElmer Life Sciences). To obtain quantitative information on the internalization of functionalized and non-functionalized SiO2NPs, the flow cytometry technique was used. HaCat and KB cells were

• of the folate receptor on the surface of KB cells, which increases the probability of receptor binding to the tumor driver on the surface of SiO2NPs-ZW-FO. Importantly, similar results were obtained for incubation times of 3, 6, and 12 h (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S9). The flow cytometry

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• required for the current flow. It is intuitive to have a thick absorber layer for a higher current density. However, because the absorber thickness further affects the recombination rate, optimizing it for optimal device performance is necessary. The impact of varying absorber thickness on the different

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• min. The etched p-Si NWs substrate was eventually washed with DI water and dried under N2 flow, as shown in Figure 9. Second, the as-prepared SiNWs sample was transferred to the chamber of an ALD system (R200 Advanced Picosun, 2013) for TiO2 thin film deposition. The TiO2 thin film deposition was

Local work function on graphene nanoribbons

• Daniel Rothhardt,
• Amina Kimouche,
• Tillmann Klamroth and
• Regina Hoffmann-Vogel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1125–1131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.91

• can be measured. Also, charges can equilibrate, the Fermi levels of tip and surface align, accompanied by an electron flow to the Au, and the GNR is charged, leading to additional electrostatic forces (Figure 1b). During imaging, a voltage is applied in order to compensate for these additional

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• months later, showing grown silver crystals in the direction of the precursor gas flow and in the further surrounding. (c) BSE image from the cross section where heavy elements appear bright. The Ag/C ratios were obtained from EDX measurements at the cross section in the areas indicated by white

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• activated HSCs in liver fibrosis resulted in a loss of the fenestrae, hindering plasma to reach the perisinusoidal space [43]. As the disease progresses, the reduced blood flow and the blockage of portal flow through the liver could diminish the efficiency of drug delivery. Nanoencapsulation as passive

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• optimizing device parameters such as resistance, optical absorption characteristics, and heat conductivity. The M-shape was used to have a homogeneous gas flow parallel to the CNT walls during CNT growth to achieve repeatably aligned walls. Prior to CNT growth, the Fe catalyst layer self-assembled into Fe

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• bending between the carriers. However, when the gate bias that is supplied is greater than the threshold voltage of the device, the type of the channel is inverted which permits the current to flow and turns on the transistor [52]. The FET-based biosensors consist of two dissimilar transduction mechanisms

• . The gate metal around the three nanocavity regions was added for the best electrostatic control. Additionally, a spacer near the source region was removed to facilitate the introduction of biomolecules into the cavity. The fabrication process flow of the proposed VS NS FET has been detailed by Ryu et

• this case, two different gate metals with distinct work functions were designed to achieve maximum on-state current and an improved Ion/Ioff ratio. The fabrication process flow for the proposed biosensor structure is detailed in [120]. Sensitivity parameters were assessed by measuring the drain-current

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• the use of biomimetic adhesives. These subtopics are microfluidics, soft robotics, and reconfigurable composites. Microfluidics involves the manipulation and flow of fluids on a very small scale, typically with nanoliters or less of fluid and with feature sizes ranging from a few hundred microns down

• the channels but also directed the liquid metal flow via Laplace barriers within the channels, offering a mechanism by which we could precisely control the filling of a liquid with very high surface tension [36] (Figure 5). Additionally, small subfeatures within the microfluidic channels could allow

• for both air escape and the addition of acid in specific locations of the biomimetic adhesives to direct the flow of liquid metal into separate, isolated areas. Handling such extreme materials is something no animal would have evolved to manage, yet the artificial versions have proven to be very