Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl₃: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study

• Shafaq Kazim,
• Rahul Parmar,
• Maryam Azizinia,
• Matteo Amati,
• Muhammad Rauf,
• Andrea Di Cicco,
• Seyed Javid Rezvani,
• Dario Mastrippolito,
• Luca Ottaviano,
• Tomasz Klimczuk,
• Luca Gregoratti and
• Roberto Gunnella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58

• for each flake could be determined. Since we have already mentioned that flakes thinner than 10 nm on 1 nm SiO2/Si substrates are hardly visible, we have defined the color range starting from 10 nm or higher. In Figure 1, light olive indicates a thickness range of 10 to 20 nm, brown represents

• beam effects were strong (light blue square in Figure 5c), but it is almost absent anywhere else. We also performed the core level analysis on the ITO substrate. Figure 6a shows the Cl 2p map around 199.5 eV binding energy. Leaner and thicker regions are designated with L and T, respectively. Figure 6b

• processes and the lower number of defects present per unit volume that can be exploited in the process. These numbers are increased under beam irradiation, when damages occurs as shown by the light blue area in Figure 5. These results are consistent with previous studies on bulk samples cleaved in vacuum

Serum heat inactivation diminishes ApoE-mediated uptake of D-Lin-MC3-DMA lipid nanoparticles

• Demian van Straten,
• Luuk van de Schepop,
• Rowan Frunt,
• Pieter Vader and
• Raymond M. Schiffelers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 740–748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.57

• Slide-A-Lyzer, MWCO 20,000, 0.5–3 mL, dark, 4 °C). LNP stocks were stored at 4 °C in the dark. LNP characterization The hydrodynamic diameter of LNPs was determined via dynamic light scattering (DLS). LNP stocks were diluted 1:20 in PBS and analyzed at 25 °C using a ZetaSizer Nano ZS 90 (Malvern

• incubated 1 h at 37 °C under light agitation. Afterwards, 2 µL Dynabeads MyOne Streptavidin C1 (Fisher Scientific) prewashed with PBA were added to the samples and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C to capture LNPs. The beads were pelleted with a magnet and washed with PBA to remove unbound protein. Per well, 100

• µL anti-ApoE antibody was added in PBA (1:200) and incubated for 1 h at rt. After incubation, beads were pelleted and washed with PBA. Beads were then resuspended in 100 µL goat-anti mouse antibody (Alexa fluor-488 labeled) in PBA (1:200) and incubated for 45 min in the dark at rt, under light

Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

• Tina Friedenauer,
• Maximilian Spellauge,
• Alexander Sommereyns,
• Verena Labenski,
• Tuba Esatbeyoglu,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Heinz P. Huber and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

• , unless multiphoton absorption is responsible for the higher LFL efficiency. A further obvious difference between the two model substances is the educt particle size, which strongly affects the extinction of the laser light, while particularly in MP-containing samples the ratio of absorption and Mie

• of 309 and 59 m−1, respectively (assuming the same ratio of absorption of curcumin and CBD, Figure S14, Supporting Information File 1), were experimentally determined by Beer–Lambert calculations of the attenuation of the laser light and the measured ratio of absorption in the double integrating

• diameters was investigated under one-PPV conditions. Here, the key is to use feedstock particle diameters of 5–10 µm as there is an interplay between two opposing effects, namely, (I) an increased absorbance-to-scattering ratio of laser light by larger MPs, which benefits efficient particle fragmentation

Nanostructured materials characterized by scanning photoelectron spectromicroscopy

• Matteo Amati,
• Alexey S. Shkvarin,
• Alexander I. Merentsov,
• Alexander N. Titov,
• María Taeño,
• David Maestre,
• Sarah R. McKibbin,
• Zygmunt Milosz,
• Ana Cremades,
• Rainer Timm and
• Luca Gregoratti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 700–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.54

• several improvements have been developed at synchrotron light facilities where unique properties of X-ray radiation can be found. Scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) combines XPS analysis with lateral resolution; chemical imaging as well as XPS spectroscopy at nanoscale sized areas can be performed

• one-transistor-one-resistor cells with minimal footprint [25] can be realized. Optimizing nanowire diameter and distance further enhances the strong light adsorption of III–V materials, resulting in nanowire-based solar cells of high efficiency [26]. While such nanowire-based devices are highly

• spectroscopy can provide an elemental, chemical, and electronic mapping of sample surfaces in the pristine form or after/during their response to external stimuli such as temperature changes, electric and magnetic fields, and light and gas exposure. In the first example chemical heterogeneous layered

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• determination of the size distribution was attempted by means of dynamic light scattering but was unsuccessful owing to the lack of transparency of the suspensions even after strong dilution. The TEM images also reveal visible granules atop the layers (Figure 1D,E). Additional analysis of these granules (Figure

• suspension could not be determined owing to uncontrolled heating of the cell during illumination of the black suspension with laser light. FLG–TA preserves the metabolic activity of PDL cells Previous findings demonstrated that TA adheres to the surface of graphene layers, with a portion of it retaining its

• deposited film was put in contact with a 10−4 M DPPH solution in the absence of light, followed by the absorbance measurement at 517 nm. Biological assays Isolation and culture of PDL cells PDL cells were isolated from human alveolar ligament obtained from extracted human teeth. This study was conducted

Aprepitant-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: a novel approach to enhance oral bioavailability

• Mazhar Hussain,
• Muhammad Farooq,
• Muhammad Asad Saeed,
• Muhammad Ijaz,
• Sherjeel Adnan,
• Zeeshan Masood,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Wafa Ishaq and
• Nabeela Ameer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 652–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.50

• after one, two, three, and six months [33]. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies Study protocol 10 male rabbits (2 kg body weight) were housed in an animal house under standard environmental conditions of 22 ± 3 °C and 45% relative humidity under a 12 h dark/light cycle (Faculty of Pharmacy, University of

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

• Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
• Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
• Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
• Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
• Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
• Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
• Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
• Ênio Pereira Telles,
• Luiz André Santos Silva,
• Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
• Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
• Daniel Alves de Souza,
• Jileno Ferreira Santos,
• Felipe José Aidar Martins,
• Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
• Sandra Lauton-Santos,
• Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
• Cristiane Bani Correa,
• Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
• Lysandro Pinto Borges and
• Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

• antidyslipidemic properties in vivo [4][5][6]. EOs are volatile components that are sensitive to temperature, light, oxygen, and humidity [7]. Therefore, it is recommended to use them in drug delivery systems, such as nanostructured systems, which are able to guarantee stability and a better therapeutic effect

• characterizing nanostructured systems such as MEs, including droplet size, optical properties, and rheological profile. M7-EOCF therefore underwent tests to investigate these parameters. First, the M7-EOCF sample was analyzed by dynamic light scattering, which showed that the system had an average hydrodynamic

• of this system. The literature reports that a PDI below 0.5 also indicates greater physical stability of the obtained formulation [20][21]. The M7-EOCF sample was also examined using polarized light microscopy to investigate its optical properties. Isotropic behavior was observed (Supporting

Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Ahsan Nazir and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

• typically range from 200 to 300 nm [74]. The basic structure of SF is formed by the HL complex, in which H is the heavy peptide chain with a molecular weight of 350 kDa and L is the light peptide chain of about 25 kDa; both are bonded together by disulfide connections [83]. The glycoprotein P25 is non

• ability of SF films to enhance light trapping in photoelectronic devices. Furthermore, combining SF films with biodegradable solar cells has the potential to power next-generation biomedical equipment, providing long-term energy solutions for diagnostic and therapeutic applications [93]. Silk fibroin

• shield the wound region from external harm and dehydration. Microstructure, mechanical characteristics, surface wettability, anti-microbial action, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and effectiveness of the bilayer wound dressing were also examined [166]. Light-activable nanostructures Biomaterials

Retrieval of B1 phase from high-pressure B2 phase for CdO nanoparticles by electronic excitations in Cd_xZn_1−xO composite thin films

• Arkaprava Das,
• Marcin Zając and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 551–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.43

• any polarization effects of the incident laser light. The optically active phonon modes at the center of the Brillouin zone have the following point symmetries: In this equation, the A1 and E1 modes correspond to Raman and infrared (IR) active branches, characterized by polar symmetries that further

Water in nanoporous hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets: a first-principles study

• Juliana A. Gonçalves,
• Ronaldo J. C. Batista and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 510–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.39

• graphene membranes interacting with water, where wrinkles significantly impact the mechanical response of the membranes when filled with water on a platform. Conclusion Our investigation of pores in a free-standing hexagonal boron nitride monolayer sheds light on the intricate interactions between 2D

N₂⁺-implantation-induced tailoring of structural, morphological, optical, and electrical characteristics of sputtered molybdenum thin films

• Usha Rani,
• Kafi Devi,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 495–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.38

• two parameters ψ and Δ characterize a change in polarization state. ψ denotes the amplitude ratio between p-polarized (parallel to the plane of incidence) and s-polarized (perpendicular to the plane of incidence) light components after interaction with the sample. Δ denotes the phase difference

• film thickness and peaks between 300 and 700 nm, corresponding to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of molybdenum nanoparticles [45][46]. The formation of defects through ion irradiation increased the scattering of light and absorption within the film, resulting in enhanced overall

• and implanted Mo thin films increases with increasing film thickness. The increased refractive index suggests increased particle density and a better interaction between light and Mo thin films. Electrical properties Figure 10 shows the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the as-deposited and

Performance optimization of a microwave-coupled plasma-based ultralow-energy ECR ion source for silicon nanostructuring

• Joy Mukherjee,
• Safiul Alam Mollick,
• Tanmoy Basu and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 484–494, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.37

• surface reduces the reflection of UV–visible light because of light trapping by multiple reflections [47][48][49]. Ar-ion bombardment for 3 h leads to the development of a well-defined nanopattern on the silicon surface; hence, the reflectivity becomes minimal compared to the other two surfaces that were

Effect of additives on the synthesis efficiency of nanoparticles by laser-induced reduction

• Rikuto Kuroda,
• Takahiro Nakamura,
• Hideki Ina and
• Shuhei Shibata

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 464–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.35

• . However, in the solution with a concentration of 1.0 × 10−2 mol/dm3, an increase in absorbance was observed in the long wavelength region of the absorption spectrum. Therefore, we evaluated the dispersion state of nanoparticles using dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. The obtained particle size

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

• Ravinder Lamba,
• Gaurav Bhanjana,
• Neeraj Dilbaghi,
• Vivek Gupta and
• Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

• NRs were studied using dynamic light scattering analysis, and their zeta potential was determined. Figure 5 represents the zeta potential of Ag@ZnO NRs. The samples were collected in the liquid state and the Ag@ZnO NRs zeta potential of ≈30 mV accounts for the stability of the nanoparticles in water

Size control of nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids using donut-shaped beams

• Abdel Rahman Altakroury,
• Oleksandr Gatsa,
• Farbod Riahi,
• Zongwen Fu,
• Miroslava Flimelová,
• Andrei Samokhvalov,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 407–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.31

• synthesized using a middle-class 6 ps, 1030 nm Yb:KGW laser PHAROS (Light Conversion, Vilnius, Lithuania) and a ScanCube IV galvanometric scanner (Scanlab, Pichheim, Germany) equipped with a 163 mm focal length lens. The irradiation conditions were 50–250 µJ pulse energy range, 10 kHz pulse repetition rate

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

• Soni Prajapati and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

• precipitation step is essential for purifying the nanoparticles and achieving a stable, solid-state product that can be easily collected and dried. Finally, the synthesized PEG–PCL NPs are characterized to assess their size and uniformity. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques measure the average particle

• . Dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the average hydrodynamic radius of the PEG–PCL NPs was 229.5 nm, confirming their nanoscale dimensions. This finding aligns with previously reported studies that detail the properties of PEG–PCL NPs in similar applications [29]. The polydispersity index

• upon binding to the PEG–PCL NPs. As such, PEG–PCL NPs are colorless. Adding SDS further modifies this interaction, resulting in a red shift from blue to light blue. This color change is a direct consequence of the formation of the SDS–PEG–PCL NPs–dye complex, which alters the electronic structure of

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• potential distributions The size of Alg and EudAlg nanoparticles were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (Malvern Zetasizer Nano-ZS) at 25 °C. The nanoparticles were suspended in ddH2O; for each sample, three measurements were performed, twelve runs each, to obtain the distributions. Disposable

Pulsed laser in liquid grafting of gold nanoparticle–carbon support composites

• Madeleine K. Wilsey,
• Teona Taseska,
• Qishen Lyu,
• Connor P. Cox and
• Astrid M. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 349–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.26

• on the carbon fibers and penetrated into the three-dimensional network of the carbon fibers (Figure 2B), thus taking full advantage of the high internal surface area of carbon fiber paper. The gold nanoparticles were grafted at internal carbon fiber paper surfaces, as expected with laser light

Tailoring of physical properties of RF-sputtered ZnTe films: role of substrate temperature

• Kafi Devi,
• Usha Rani,
• Arun Kumar,
• Divya Gupta and
• Sanjeev Aggarwal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 333–348, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.25

• ) compounds have numerous applications in optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes [1], display devices [2], infrared detectors [3], and terahertz emitters [4]. Owing to their suitable physical properties (deposition at low temperatures and good thermal stability) and unique optical properties due

• [35][36]. Therefore, in this study we have determined both direct and indirect bandgaps. The Tauc relation was used to determine the optical bandgaps (Eg) of ZnTe/Qz films [34] where h represents the Planck constant, ν is the frequency of the incident light, α is the absorption coefficient, and C is

• index has a high value in the lower-wavelength region. It decreases sharply and becomes nearly constant in the higher-wavelength region. This is because, at lower wavelengths, the absorption capacity of a material is high, which results in a decrease in the speed of light, thus increasing the value of n

Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• electrophoresis tank containing freshly prepared chilled electrophoresis solution (1 mM of EDTA, 300 mM of NaOH, pH > 13) for 20 min for DNA unwinding and subsequently subjected to electrophoresis with a 300 mA current, 0.7 V/cm at 4 °C under dimmed light for 30 min. After electrophoresis, the slides were treated

• observed. LC-3 is a microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B – light chain 3 (LC-3) that becomes lipidated and tightly associated with the autophagosome membrane [71]. LC-3 proteins are incorporated onto the autophagosome membrane, which is later degraded by autolysosomes (formed by the fusion between

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• effectively and precisely break down and neutralize antibiotic compounds with high efficiency and selectivity by utilizing a complex interaction between radical reactive oxygen species and non-radical equivalents under light irradiation. Although photocatalysts have certain drawbacks, such as a limited

• capacity to absorb light and concerns about catalytic stability, photocatalysis outperforms other advanced oxidation processes in multiple aspects. This study focuses on summarizing recent advances in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts. By reviewing the latest

• light exposure. To be specific g-C3N4-based ternary photocatalysts exhibited more than 90% degradation of tetracycline and sulfamethazine antibiotics within one hour of irradiation. This study addresses the antibiotic degradation efficiency during photocatalytic processes and suggests new approaches to

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

• Bedah Rupaedah,
• Indrika Novella,
• Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
• Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
• Anna Safarrida,
• Abdul Hapid,
• Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
• Suryana Suryana,
• Irwan Kurnia and
• Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

• cycles consisting of denaturation at 94 °C for 45 s, annealing at 52 °C for 1 min, and elongation at 72 °C for 1 min. After the final cycle, polymerization continued at 72 °C for 5 min. The PCR products were then analyzed by electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel. Visualization was performed under UV light

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• ophthalmology because of their compatibility with the high transmittance characteristics of ocular tissues, allowing for a more sensitive response to various types of incident light [9][10][11]. This sensitivity facilitates diverse therapeutic effects and offers solutions to complex ophthalmic diseases. In

• photothermal conversion and tunability of light absorption of these materials simplify the therapeutic light source, broadening their applicability [17][18]. Furthermore, the customizable nature of these nanomaterials allows for the development of personalized treatment plans, tailored to individual patient

• , and inorganic semiconductor materials that absorb light through bandgap transitions [25]. The specific photothermal properties of these materials, encompassing aspects such as range and rate of light absorption, photothermal conversion efficiency, heat transfer capability, and photothermal stability