Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• registered for the sample which was previously quickly cooled while the “second heating” thermogram concerns the sample which was previously cooled slowly, in a controlled way – 1 °C/min. The “first heating” curve for free CR sample (Figure 6A, curve 1) shows a phase transition at 30–40 °C (maximum at 34.5

• °C). This peak is much wider (shows a higher value of full width at half maximum) for the higher CR concentration (Figure 6B, curve 1). In both cases the phase transition reflects the formation of organized, liquid-crystalline structures from less ordered assemblies present in a fast-cooled solution

• cooled after the first heating. This results in the absence of the phase transition at 80 °C – Figure 6A, curve 4; (3) At a higher CR concentration (5 mg/mL), the nanotube-bound CR is also more stable than free CR. The presence of a wide peak at 50–60 °C caused by breakdown of the supramolecular

Diffusion and surface alloying of gradient nanostructured metals

• Zhenbo Wang and
• Ke Lu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 547–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.59

• conventional cold working are typically within 0.01–0.2 kJ·mol−1, and they may change either the kinetics or the path of a phase transition in solid-state with a typical free energy change of 0.5–3 kJ·mol−1 [66]. While the stored energy may be much higher because GBs are associated with a higher stored free

Fiber optic sensors based on hybrid phenyl-silica xerogel films to detect n-hexane: determination of the isosteric enthalpy of adsorption

• Jesús C. Echeverría,
• Ignacio Calleja,
• Paula Moriones and
• Julián J. Garrido

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.51

• confinement effects related to the condensation of adsorbates in narrower mesopores [27][28]. The solid–fluid interaction increases as the pore size diminishes and, therefore, the adsorption enthalpy in the phase transition region [26]. Conclusion We investigated the response, in the presence of n-hexane, of

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• 700 °C leads to the formation of a nanometric amorphous SiO2 layer, preventing growth and phase transition of the in situ functionalized nanoparticles. Keywords: core–shell nanoparticles; functionalized nanoparticles; hydrothermal synthesis; oriented attachment; silane coupling agent; Introduction

• functionalized nanoparticles with silane coupling agents showed only negligible growth of the crystallites after the heat treatment. Calculated crystallite sizes of the heat-treated samples are listed in Table 2. Additionally, in TiO2-HT, the heat treatment induced a partial phase transition from brookite and

• titanium, which prevents growth and phase transition of the nanoparticles, even at relatively high temperatures. Reduced crystallite growth and retarded phase transition have also been observed when firing mixtures of TiO2 and SiO2 powders [40]. Conclusion A new simple hydrothermal route to in situ surface

Impact of surface wettability on S-layer recrystallization: a real-time characterization by QCM-D

• Jagoba Iturri,
• Ana C. Vianna,
• Alberto Moreno-Cencerrado,
• Dietmar Pum,
• Uwe B. Sleytr and
• José Luis Toca-Herrera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 91–98, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.10

• and dissipation factors, either individually or combined as the so-called Df plots, showed a much faster formation of crystalline coatings for hydrophobic samples, characterized by a phase-transition peak at around the 70% of the total mass adsorbed. This behavior has been proven to mimic, both in

Filled and empty states of Zn-TPP films deposited on Fe(001)-p(1×1)O

• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Rossella Yivlialin,
• Andrea Picone,
• Federico Bottegoni and
• Marco Finazzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1527–1531, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.146

• of the acquired spectra, the details of which are reported in Supporting Information File 1. As recently reported by the authors [10], the Zn-TPP sample undergoes a phase transition (from a (5 × 5) to a (√5 × √5) reconstruction) for film thicknesses larger than 1 ML. Generally speaking, a change in

Fracture behaviors of pre-cracked monolayer molybdenum disulfide: A molecular dynamics study

• Qi-lin Xiong,
• Zhen-huan Li and
• Xiao-geng Tian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1411–1420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.132

• on mechanical properties of single-layer MoS2 by adopting MD nanoindentation simulation and found that with the increase of temperature (4.2 K to 500 K), the Young’s moduli, fracture stress and strain of MoS2 decrease and they also studied the tension-induced phase transition of single-layer MoS2 at

Influence of synthesis conditions on microstructure and phase transformations of annealed Sr₂FeMoO_6−x nanopowders formed by the citrate–gel method

• Marta Yarmolich,
• Nikolai Kalanda,
• Sergey Demyanov,
• Herman Terryn,
• Jon Ustarroz,
• Maksim Silibin and
• Gennadii Gorokh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1202–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.111

• second-order phase transition has been revealed at 188 K for SFMO-6 and SFMO-9 powders and 330 K for all investigated powders (Figure 4). Such extremely small changes of entropy, as well as small temperature intervals of phase transformations (within 20 K), are caused by impurity phases distributed as

• inclusions in the basic, double perovskite matrix and magnetic phase transitions in local areas. The occurrence of this phase transition at 188 K in SFMO-6 and SFMO-9 powders could be related to the paramagnetic–antiferromagnetic, magnetic phase transition in the wustite (Fe0.947O) [20][21][22]. This

• indicates the non-single-phase nature of the SFMO-6 and SFMO-9 samples. Still, the λ-type second-order phase transition at 188 K has not been detected in the SFMO-4 powder, indicating that it has greater single-phase and magnetic homogeneity in comparison with the SFMO-6 and SFMO-9 samples. The heat

Gold nanoparticles covalently assembled onto vesicle structures as possible biosensing platform

• M. Fátima Barroso,
• M. Alejandra Luna,
• Juan S. Flores Tabares,
• Cristina Delerue-Matos,
• N. Mariano Correa,
• Fernando Moyano and
• Patricia G. Molina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 655–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.58

• further use. Vesicles preparation The large unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) were formed, at 20.0 ± 0.1 °C, by using the phospholipid 1,2-di-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC) which has a phase transition temperature of −17.3 °C [31]. The DOPC solution in chloroform was obtained from Avanti Polar

Comparison of the interactions of daunorubicin in a free form and attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes with model lipid membranes

• Dorota Matyszewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.46

• caused by the incorporation of DNR molecules into the thiolipid layer. Additionally, the shape of the isotherms is altered and the broad plateau region corresponding to the phase transition is clearly visible at relatively high surface pressure of 38 mN/m (Figure 2). Significant changes concern the

Influence of calcium on ceramide-1-phosphate monolayers

• Joana S. L. Oliveira,
• Gerald Brezesinski,
• Alexandra Hill and
• Arne Gericke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 236–245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.22

• the pH 9 subphase without calcium, the isotherms indicate an expanded phase (LE) at low lateral pressures and a first-order phase transition from LE to LC (condensed state). At 10 °C, this phase transition is not seen. As the temperature increases, the phase-transition pressure increases. This

• /LC phase transition (data not shown). The calculated critical temperature Tc (see section 1 in Supporting Information File 1) for this system, i.e., the temperature above which the LC phase cannot be reached anymore upon compression of the monolayer, was found to be about 38 °C, which is slightly

Counterion effects on nano-confined metal–drug–DNA complexes

• Nupur Biswas,
• Sreeja Chakraborty,
• Alokmay Datta,
• Munna Sarkar,
• Mrinmay K. Mukhopadhyay,
• Mrinal K. Bera and
• Hideki Seto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 62–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.7

• ] as well as of the structure of the DNA molecules [5]. Studies on the first aspect have established that depending on counterion concentrations and valencies, DNA molecules in bulk solution exhibit isotropic to liquid crystalline phase transition and under extreme conditions they can form crystalline

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• surface compressional modulus as a function of surface area. Surface pressure was found to increase monotonically as available surface area decreases showing a subtle phase transition more evident after a first expansion–compression cycle (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1) located at π = 4 mN

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• diffraction (XRD) to determine morphology, size, polydispersity, crystal structure and elemental composition of the nanocrystals. TEM microscopy revealed that the morphology of the nanoparticles could be fine-tuned by modifying of the synthetic conditions. A cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition of the NaYF4

• successful approach to control crystal structures. Higher reaction temperature and longer reaction time are required to provide sufficient free energy to overcome the activation barrier of an α/ß phase transition [19][33]. In the XRD experiments, all crystal diffractions and amorphous halos of the OM–NaYF4

• of an amorphous halo is indicative of a disorder-to-order type cubic-to-hexagonal phase transition [39]. The size of α crystallites ranged from 6 to 6.5 nm, and the size of β-phase crystals ranged between 18–21 nm. Interestingly, diffraction peaks corresponding to the cubic phase were hardly visible

Two-phase equilibrium states in individual Cu–Ni nanoparticles: size, depletion and hysteresis effects

• Aram S. Shirinyan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1811–1820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.185

• nanosystems where the phase transition temperature becomes the function of composition as well [4][5][6][7]. The size and composition dependent results have been obtained mainly for melting and solidification of nanoparticles and they demonstrate the increase of solubilities of chemical elements, shift of

• for individual Cu–Ni nanoparticles) providing new insights into first-order phase transition problem for nanosystems and basic concepts of phase diagram and solubility diagram in materials science. The structure of the paper is as follows. First we give in brief the general thermodynamic approach

• conservation law: X0·N0** = Xn·Nn and in such a way the value N0 for phase transition should be bigger than N0**: Both quantities N0* and N0** are important for multicomponent nanoparticles. That is why depletion dependent transformation in this work means the new nano-sized structure formation driven by both

Structural and magnetic properties of iron nanowires and iron nanoparticles fabricated through a reduction reaction

• Marcin Krajewski,
• Wei Syuan Lin,
• Hong Ming Lin,
• Katarzyna Brzozka,
• Sabina Lewinska,
• Natalia Nedelko,
• Anna Slawska-Waniewska,
• Jolanta Borysiuk and
• Dariusz Wasik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1652–1660, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.167

• – remanent magnetization, TC – Curie temperature. Fitting parameters of the magnetic phase transition; M0 – fitted initial value of magnetization, β – fitted critical exponent, TC – fitted Curie temperature. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the Foundation for Polish Science International PhD

Thermal energy storage – overview and specific insight into nitrate salts for sensible and latent heat storage

• Nicole Pfleger,
• Thomas Bauer,
• Claudia Martin,
• Markus Eck and
• Antje Wörner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1487–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.154

• temperature and the stored heat is given by the heat capacity cp. In contrast to the storage of sensible heat latent heat cannot be sensed: The energy which is absorbed or released is stored by a phase transition which takes place at a constant temperature and therefore appears to be latent. Materials used

• temperatures as compared to simple binary or ternary salt systems. The liquid to solid phase transition of multicomponent salt mixtures is most conveniently obtained by inspection of the liquidus temperature in phase diagrams. The determination of phase diagrams however gets more challenging the more ionic

• transfer. Additionally the density and the enthalpy at the phase transition are important because they determine the volumetric storage capacity. At the phase transition – which occurs within a temperature range of approximately 10 K or less – the change of enthalpy per temperature (∂H/∂T)p increases

Stick–slip behaviour on Au(111) with adsorption of copper and sulfate

• Nikolay Podgaynyy,
• Sabine Wezisla,
• Christoph Molls,
• Shahid Iqbal and
• Helmut Baltruschat

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 820–830, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.85

• investigated. Friction is minimal at the potential of zero charge, suggesting again the role of adsorbates for frictional energy dissipation. On the other hand, friction is particularly large when the adlayer is disordered at the potential of a phase transition, as shown here for the formation of the √3 × √3

Bright photoluminescence from ordered arrays of SiGe nanowires grown on Si(111)

• D. J. Lockwood,
• N. L. Rowell,
• A. Benkouider,
• A. Ronda,
• L. Favre and
• I. Berbezier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2498–2504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.259

• patterning; (c) galvanic selective deposition of Au; (d) induced phase transition in AuSi catalysts; and (e) selective growth of SiGe NWs. With this method we have produced Si1−xGex NWs with diameters in the range 50–200 nm, although the size can potentially be tuned between 30 and 300 nm, and with Ge

• ) by RTO; (b) opening of SiO2-free windows by FIB milling; (c) Au deposition by oxido-reduction of gold salts; (d) phase transition of Au in AuSi clusters by annealing at temperature TA; and (e) MBE growth of SiGe NWs at TA. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the ordered arrays of Si NWs

Intake of silica nanoparticles by giant lipid vesicles: influence of particle size and thermodynamic membrane state

• Florian G. Strobl,
• Florian Seitz,
• Christoph Westerhausen,
• Armin Reller,
• Adriano A. Torrano,
• Christoph Bräuchle,
• Achim Wixforth and
• Matthias F. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2468–2478, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.256

• attention so far is the mutual interplay of the adsorption behavior of nanoparticles and the phase state of membranes. In [29], for example, it was shown that the phase transition temperature of lipid membranes changes upon the interaction with silica nanoparticles. Our own research group recently found a

• significant and systematic dependence of this phase transition shift on the particle size, e.g., the bending radius of the membrane [30], which we explained by employing a simple model based on a combination of Landau’s theory of phase transitions and Helfrich’s bending energy approach. It appears obvious

• incubation with such large particles for 30 min. Neither permanent adhesion, nor uptake of particles are observed for this system at the chosen experimental conditions. The same behavior is observed for 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) vesicles at temperatures above the phase transition

Hybrid spin-crossover nanostructures

• Carlos M. Quintero,
• Gautier Félix,
• Iurii Suleimanov,
• José Sánchez Costa,
• Gábor Molnár,
• Lionel Salmon,
• William Nicolazzi and
• Azzedine Bousseksou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2230–2239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.232

• questions with regards to the size effect on the phase transition temperature, on the hysteresis width, on the kinetics of the spin transition, etc. On the other hand, SCO nanomaterials are also attractive candidates for integration into a variety of emerging micro- and nano-technologies. The notable

Quasi-1D physics in metal-organic frameworks: MIL-47(V) from first principles

• Danny E. P. Vanpoucke,
• Jan W. Jaeken,
• Stijn De Baerdemacker,
• Kurt Lejaeghere and
• Veronique Van Speybroeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1738–1748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.184

• pressure of the pressure-induced large-pore-to-narrow-pore phase transition is calculated to be 82 MPa and 124 MPa for systems with ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic chains, respectively. For a mixed system, the transition pressure is found to be a weighted average of the ferromagnetic and

• on the geometric and electronic structure is investigated: equilibrium structure, energy, bulk modulus and band structure. Also the transition pressure for the large-pore-to-narrow-pore phase transition is estimated, and inter- and intra-chain coupling constants are calculated. Computational details

• qualitative picture emerges in which the MIL-47(V) is expected to collapse or show a structural phase transition under sufficiently large external pressure. As with other MOFs of this topology, which are known as breathing MOFs, these results suggest that the MIL-47(V) MOF should show breathing behavior

A study on the consequence of swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn–silica nanocomposite thin films: electronic sputtering

• Compesh Pannu,
• Udai B. Singh,
• Dinesh. C. Agarwal,
• Saif A. Khan,
• Sunil Ojha,
• Ramesh Chandra,
• Hiro Amekura,
• Debdulal Kabiraj and
• Devesh. K. Avasthi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1691–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.179

• values of 3/2 for small clusters and 7/2 for larger clusters, respectively. This rules out any possibility of a liquid–gas phase transition taking place in the vaporized Au nanoparticle resulting from SHI irradiation. Johnson et al. [42] reported a unifying description of sputtering in three different

Growth evolution and phase transition from chalcocite to digenite in nanocrystalline copper sulfide: Morphological, optical and electrical properties

• Priscilla Vasthi Quintana-Ramirez,
• Ma. Concepción Arenas-Arrocena,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Marina Vega-González,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• Víctor Manuel Castaño-Meneses,
• Laura Susana Acosta-Torres and
• Javier de la Fuente-Hernández

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1542–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.166

• structure. All CuxS products could be promising for optoelectronic applications. Keywords: abundant materials in the crust of Earth; electrical resistance; nanocrystals; nanodisks; non-toxic semiconductors; optical band gap; phase transition; photocurrent; Introduction Metallic chalcogenides based on

• ]. However, the lack of knowledge about the growth evolution and the phase transitions of copper sulfide is the motivation of this work. In this work, the growth evolution and the phase transition of copper sulfide in the temperature range from 220 to 260 °C in an organic solvent is reported. The full

• light, this is attributed to the recombination of charges due to the superficial states in the CuxS samples. Mechanism of the formation and phase transition According to the results presented above, a formation mechanism of the growth and the phase transition from chalcocite to digenite is proposed

Self-organization of mesoscopic silver wires by electrochemical deposition

• Sheng Zhong,
• Thomas Koch,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Harald Rösner,
• Eberhard Nold,
• Aaron Kobler,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Di Wang,
• Christian Kübel,
• Mu Wang,
• Horst Hahn and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1285–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.142

• the growth rate of the wires is of the order of 10 μm/s in our experiments and that the entropy of interfacial phase transition for silver is small. The faces tend to be roughened [34] and the surfaces of the wires are rounded without obvious faces. This may indicate that the surface is rough on