Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• chemotherapeutic agent in a controlled manner. Appropriately designed and synthesized ACNPs are essential to fully realize their therapeutic benefits. In blood stream, ACNPs instantly interact with biological molecules, and a protein corona is formed. Protein corona formation triggers an immune response and

• enhanced humoral immune response. The protein corona formation on Ab-conjugated NPs mediates a more specific and sensitive antibody–antigen interaction [83]. The group of de Puig evaluated the effect of a protein corona on anti-NS1 Ab-conjugated star-shaped gold NPs. They found that the protein corona

• of NP surfaces with targeting moieties such as antibodies protects the chemotherapeutic agent from enzymatic degradation and improves the internalization into targeted cancer cells. Multifunctionalized NPs improve the tumor targeting ability, boost the body’s antitumor immune response, and decrease

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• during the Ar ion bombardment near the sample surface. Oxygen and silicon exhibit a particularly strong interaction [35][36], and partial charges contribute significantly to the bond energy. ReaxFF potentials can describe this phenomenon and allow one to simulate the response of the sample bombarded with

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• signal is characterized by low sound pressure and medium-to-high frequency, and the heart sound sensor must exhibit good acoustic and electrical response frequency bandwidth in the range of 20 to 200 Hz. To evaluate the sensor's acoustic-electric conversion ability at the same frequency but at varying

• sound pressure levels, we set the signal generator to emit a sine wave with a frequency of 180 Hz, and adjust the amplitude of the signal generator and power amplifier to control the sound pressure. We gradually increased the sound pressure from 65 to 85 dB, and measured the sensor response at 2 dB

• (VDF-TrFE)/ZnO piezoelectric film with 10% ZnO and 0.1% GR as test samples. Figure 10 shows the results, with the response open-circuit voltage of the sensor gradually increasing with rising sound pressure, and the slope of the tangent line also increasing. The P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR sensor had higher

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• higher cumulative release and considerable higher activity against amastigotes compared to previously reported BNZ-loaded NLCs. Moreover, we report the dose-response intrinsic activity of myristyl myristate, a relatively common constituent of NLCs, against T. cruzi, which might be of future interest to

• 6.07 µM), whereas the NLC-BNZ and NLC-VEHICLE also exhibited a dose-response behavior despite comparatively large variability across replicates. While for free BNZ the estimated EC50 value was 6.07 µM with similar reported values (6.04 µM [48]) for the same parasite classification (TcI), the NLC-BNZ

• formulations was thus performed, demonstrating that myristyl myristate, at a relatively low concentration, has a negative effect on parasite viability (dose-response studies for myristyl myristate against amastigotes are shown in Supporting Information File 1). This may imply that myristyl myristate cannot be

Carboxylic acids and light interact to affect nanoceria stability and dissolution in acidic aqueous environments

• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Eric A. Grulke and
• Robert A. Yokel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 762–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.63

• ceria [52]. Group two includes only one sample, namely glyceric acid. When stored in the dark, there was a slight reduction in hydrodynamic particle size over time, and the color remained yellow, similar to the response to group one. However, when exposed to light, there was an immediate reduction in

Control of morphology and crystallinity of CNTs in flame synthesis with one-dimensional reaction zone

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Ni Luh Wulan Septiani and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 741–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.61

• utilized in photon energy conversion devices due to the excellent photo response in the visible and near-UV light regions. Hence, controlling morphology and functionalization of such nanomaterials during synthesis will open vast opportunities to satisfy the requirements for various specific applications

Cross-sectional Kelvin probe force microscopy on III–V epitaxial multilayer stacks: challenges and perspectives

• Mattia da Lisca,
• José Alvarez,
• James P. Connolly,
• Nicolas Vaissiere,
• Karim Mekhazni,
• Jean Decobert and
• Jean-Paul Kleider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 725–737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.59

• of the surface cross section was achieved thanks to the wide light spot. Finally, the power density was 750 W·m−2 as measured by a thermal power sensor S401C from Thorlabs, which has a flat spectral response in the white-light range of wavelengths. This relatively low power density allows one to

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• . We expect that the threshold current will vanish in a strongly overdamped limit and a linear response of is expected. The results presented here demonstrate a directed current-induced rotation without any angular momentum transfer in a molecular rotor. We remark that each electron boosts the angle

• linear response (under the threshold current). A small symmetry breaking is needed in order to discriminate between the three states. Quantum effects are responsible for a rich transport phenomenology of molecular junctions [20]. Here, we pause to discuss quantum effects related to the electronic degrees

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• use of graphene and its derivatives is widespread for electrochemical detection since 2D graphene sheets provide numerous electrochemical sites for the detection of target molecules, while electrons in the sp2-hybridized pz orbital have a faster electron transfer rate, which enhances response time and

Humidity-dependent electrical performance of CuO nanowire networks studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Juris Katkevics,
• Jana Andzane,
• Raitis Sondors,
• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Kiryl Niherysh,
• Yelyzaveta Rublova and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 683–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.54

• , which was explained by water chemisorption on the nanowire surface [6][13][18][19]. Nevertheless, for single nanowires assembled on electrodes by dielectrophoresis (DEP), the opposite response to humidity was observed [21]. Besides, unusual responses to humidity were shown for nanowires of other

• (Figure 4a). The humidity responses calculated as the ratio of maximal to minimal values are ca. 30 for R1 and ca. 2000 for R2. Also, the humidity response of ca. 2 is even smaller than that for R1. All in all, the resistance R2 from nanowire interconnects is more suited for sensing because it changes

• measurements, the sample was stored in air atmosphere at RH 20%. The spectra were analysed using a complex plane Nyquist plot. The spectra were first fitted using the “Find circle” tool, and the equivalent electrical circuit was derived. Then the impedance element values were found using frequency response

Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• scattering spectra of these modes are analyzed by the multipole decomposition method, which ensures that strong TD response, the anapole mode composed of simultaneously working TD and ED momentums, and the quasi-BIC resonance arising from an out-of-plane MD mode can all be excited using similar structures

• nanoscale polystyrene (PS) spheres in the slot of the all-dielectric nanostructures. All these spheres have their own response to the incident radiations (e.g., Mie resonances). However, we noted that due to the small size of the spheres and the relatively lower refractive index of the polymeric material

• the TD resonance requires the presence of a set of magnetic dipoles arranged head-to-tail to form a closed loop. This kind of TD resonance is usually called magnetic TD. In contrast, the TD response due to a circular configuration of electric dipoles is called electric TD. In this work, we focus only

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• and challenges It is crucial to assess the performance of sensors during development using standard metrics such as selectivity, sensitivity, the limit of detection (LOD), and response time. Selectivity refers to a sensor’s capacity to respond to a narrow range of target analytes while resisting

• blank signal must be produced by this concentration (CLOD) [39]. Sensitivity (S) is defined as the ability to change the measured signals (optical or electrical) in response to a change in the amount of analyte. This has a close connection to a sensor’s LOD; the LOD decreases as the sensitivity

• are correlated with sensor response time. An ideal sensor, when taking into account the aforementioned key parameters, should be specific for the target analytes, sensitive to changes in analyte concentrations, have a rapid response time, have a long lifespan of at least several months, and be small

Carbon nanotube-cellulose ink for rapid solvent identification

• Tiago Amarante,
• Thiago H. R. Cunha,
• Claudio Laudares,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Ana Carolina dos Santos,
• Cíntia L. Pereira,
• Vinicius Ornelas,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• André S. Ferlauto and
• Rodrigo G. Lacerda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 535–543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.44

• devices that can be easily fabricated by scalable printing techniques. We monitored the electrical response due to the interaction between a given liquid with the carbon nanotube–cellulose film over time. Using principal component analysis of the electrical response, we were able to extract robust data to

• ) and the calculated mean resistance (with standard deviation) is 1.26 ± 0.07 kΩ. A geometry optimization was also performed to find out the maximum gain response as a function of width, length, and number of painted layers (see Supporting Information File 1 for details). To better understand how MWCNTs

• more information). Also, to compare our results with a simple conductive response to the pure liquids, we performed control experiments on a substrate without applying the ink. Our sensor film proved to be two orders of magnitude more sensitive than the bare substrates with only electrical contacts

Microneedle patches – the future of drug delivery and vaccination?

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 494–495, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.40

• , and MN patch diagnostic systems barely appear on the research landscape. Microneedle vaccination patches are closer to clinical acceptance and have enormous promise, given the demand for high volume, low cost, rapidly deployable vaccination in response to pandemics like COVID-19 [4], and companies

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• the tumor in the range of 41–43 °C over several medical treatments leads to the tumor destruction, as well as to the activation of the body’s immune response to cancer cells [8]. However, the introduction of MH into clinical practice is hindered by a number of difficulties. Unfortunately, it is not

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• as spheres and nanorods. 2.1 The plasmonic oscillation frequency The optical response of plasmonic nanoparticles, such as AuNPs, to incident electromagnetic radiation depends on their size, shape, morphology, proximity to one another, as well as the surrounding medium [32]. The vast changes in

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• response, the cells were treated for 24 h in a medium with five different concentrations of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs in dilutions of 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/5 (v/v), where DMEM without phenol red was used for dilution of Ag NPs. Since the NPs were dispersed in distilled water, distilled water without NPs

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• , proteins, vaccines, and nucleotides [2]. In spite of biodegradability and biocompatibility, some studies have also demonstrated a certain concentration-dependent toxicologic profile including a mild inflammatory response after treatment with PLGA nanoparticles [49]. Some authors have suggested that the

• %) decreased as the O/S ratio increased, and DXM-loaded PLGA nanoparticles showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity (A549 cell line) and hemolytic response. Encapsulation of DXM in PLGA nanoparticles resulted in slower and sustained release as compared to non-encapsulated DXM. Nanoemulsions formed in a 0.16 M PBS (W

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• )), fibrinolysis (e.g., tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)), and blood clotting processes (e.g., tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI)) [4][6][7][8][9][10]. In addition, endothelial cells are involved in the immune response of the body. Endothelial cells regulate

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• -scheme photocatalytic system. Li et al. [42] constructed spindle-shaped BiVO4-RGO-g-C3N4 Z-scheme photocatalysts for the highly effective degradation of antibiotics. The 1-D Z-scheme ternary nanocomposites had a very high photooxidation response. According to the authors, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• strategies for cancer. Toxic side effects and individual differences in response to treatment have further limited the benefits of clinical treatment for patients. Biomimetic cancer cell membrane-based nanotechnology has provided a new approach for biomedicine to overcome these obstacles. Biomimetic

• being presented to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), will promote the proliferation and infiltration of active T cells in the TME and induce an antigen-specific antitumor response [33][45]. This natural advantage also makes cancer cell membranes useful in nanoimmunotherapy, which can induce specific

• species (ROS) have attracted widespread attention. Activation of the agent in vivo triggers the production of ROS from intracellular oxygen, which can induce an antitumor response. Due to the engineerable nature of nanotechnology, combining NPs with catalysts and drugs can promote ROS production and

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• heterogeneity, key signaling pathway alteration, and activation of alternate signaling, which effectively rescue the main inhibited pathway. The oncogenic significance of EGFR and the weak response to TKIs have been the focus of clinical interest for more than a decade, motivating the research community to look

• TKI treatment. A subgroup of around 20–30% of patients harboring an activating mutation is intrinsically resistant to TKIs and shows weak clinical response, including those with wild-type EGFR NSCLC cancer. The establishment of clinical criteria for intrinsic resistance is still ongoing, and

• therapeutic approach. Following the initial pronounced response, after only 9 to 14 months around 50% of patients develop resistance to therapy with first- and second-generation TKIs as a result of T790M secondary mutation in exon 20 of EGFR [24]. Acquired resistance to TKIs is unavoidable and has already

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• administered at present through subcutaneous injection. Moreover, a glutamine–β-CyD conjugate was used to deliver DOX for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer, which is difficult to cure [99]. By combining β-CyD and poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), DOX was released in response to both the reduction by

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• broadband irradiation. These results show that the heat generation of GNPs highly depends on size and shape of the GNPs as well as on the incident wavelength. In general, GNRs with the surface plasmon response matching the irradiation wavelength exhibit maximum photothermal conversion efficiency under both

Intermodal coupling spectroscopy of mechanical modes in microcantilevers

• Ioan Ignat,
• Bernhard Schuster,
• Jonas Hafner,
• MinHee Kwon,
• Daniel Platz and
• Ulrich Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 123–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.13

• applied to the piezoshaker, with the frequency swept close to ωi, used to amplify the spectral response of the sense mode above the thermal excitation level. The above Hamiltonian is a modified version of the one used in [27]. In contrast to this previous work, we do not exclude the possibility of

• measurement. These two kinds of behaviour have a regime associated to each, both directly related to the overall coupling strength . The i-th mode, as the sense mode, is in the weak regime if is smaller than Γj/2, the linewidth of the cavity mode. In this case its susceptibility (spectral response) can be

• temperature as follows: where X is the spectral response amplitude with respect to the frequency offset from eigenfrequency δ and pump amplitude Vpump, Tambient is the temperature of the room where the experiment was performed, and δstart and δend are the start and end frequencies, respectively, of the lock