Gap-directed chemical lift-off lithographic nanoarchitectonics for arbitrary sub-micrometer patterning

• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hong-Sheng Chan,
• Chia-Li Liao,
• Che-Wei Chang and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 34–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.4

• be used to produce even smaller features with arbitrary shapes, but the serial nature of these practices forbids their suitableness for high volume productions [3][4]. Soft lithographic techniques are hybrid approaches which have been extensively studied as alternatives to achieve precise patterning

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• between cancer cells and healthy cells can be achieved. Experimental Materials MD2 hybrid pineapples (family: Bromeliaceae, genus: Ananas Mill, 1754, species: comosus (L.) Merr., 1917) were obtained from crops in the Tuxtepec region of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. Silver nitrate (CAS 7761-88-8, ACS

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• behavior of DOS dependencies on magnetic and spin–orbit scattering times is discussed. Keywords: density of states; Josephson junctions; proximity effect; superconductivity; superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid nanostructures; Introduction It is well-known that superconductivity can be induced in a non

• -superconducting metal in hybrid structures due to the proximity effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. For instance, in NS bilayers (where N denotes a normal metal and S denotes a superconductor), the superconducting correlations penetrate into the normal metal layer over a characteristic decay length ξn = where Dn is

• ][10][11]. The scientific community has been examining the proximity effect in SF hybrid structures already for a long while. It has been found that the oscillatory behavior of the superconducting wave function can lead to various interesting phenomena that can be observed experimentally [1][2]. For

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• thanks to the significant charge carrier dispersion provided by hybrid orbitals involving the Bi 6s orbital, as seen in Figure 2. Photoinduced electron–hole separation and charge carrier transfer in Bi-based materials are facilitated by a unique layered structure that creates an IEF. A magnetic field is

• increase in the overlap between Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals, a reduced charge transfer route, and strange floating features. In another approach, Huang et al. reported a one-step hydrothermal synthesis of a BiIO4/Bi2MoO6 hybrid photocatalyst for photodegradation of RhB dye [56]. Under visible-light irradiation

• (λ > 420 nm), photoelectrochemical studies demonstrated that the RhB photodegradation effectiveness and photocurrent density of the BiIO4/Bi2MoO6 hybrid composite is much higher than that of the pure components. Because of the successful construction of the BiIO4/Bi2MoO6 hybrid, the photocatalytic

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• Arbresha Muriqi Michael Nolan Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Lee Maltings, T12 R5CP Cork, Ireland 10.3762/bjnano.13.103 Abstract The development of hybrid inorganic–organic films with well-controlled properties is important for many applications. Molecular layer deposition

• (MLD) allows the deposition of these hybrid films using sequential, self-limiting reactions, similar to atomic layer deposition (ALD). In this paper, we use first principles density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the growth mechanism of titanium-containing hybrid organic–inorganic MLD films

• organic–inorganic hybrid films for applications in several technological application areas, including packaging/encapsulation, electronics, batteries and biomedical applications [1][2][3][4]. MLD is very similar to the widely used atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique, which involves the fabrication of

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• . S. Thakur, “Long-acting nanoparticle-loaded bilayer microneedles for protein delivery to the posterior segment of the eye“, pages 306-318, Copyright (2021), with permission from Elsevier. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. The hybrid detachable microneedle developed by Lee et al. Figure 9 was

• adapted from [183], Acta Biomaterialia, vol. 80, by K. Lee; H. B. Song; W. Cho; J. H. Kim; J. H. Kim; W. H. Ryu, “Intracorneal injection of a detachable hybrid microneedle for sustained drug delivery“, pages 48-57, Copyright (2018), with permission from Elsevier. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• different carbonization temperatures (200 and 450 °C) were used to prepare CDs, namely C-1 and C-2, respectively, via pyrolysis. To examine the interaction of functional groups present on the CDs with water vapor, theoretical modeling was also carried out by using the DFT-based B3LYP hybrid functional at 6

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• research due to its intrinsic antimicrobial properties. Xie et al. (2019) developed AgNPs composites containing polydopamine–hydroxyapatite–chitosan by adding AgNPs to hybrid materials, which significantly reduced microbial infection in the implanted place [109]. Polydopamine and chitosan play an important

• tensile strength of ≈7.05 MPa. According to the findings in vitro, the combination of scaffolds promotes fast cell-to-cell contact, which boosts the regeneration impact on pre-osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation [94]. The impact of a hybrid nanocomposite of poly(3

• the scaffold was tested using simulated bodily fluids, and mineral formation (calcium and phosphorous) on the surface was analysed using SEM [58]. To achieve biofunctionality, a scaffold composed of carbon nanotubes and chitosan was fabricated via electrophoretic deposition. These hybrid composites

Analytical and numerical design of a hybrid Fabry–Perot plano-concave microcavity for hexagonal boron nitride

• Felipe Ortiz-Huerta and
• Karina Garay-Palmett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1030–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.90

• -defined spatio-temporal mode along with an accessible numerical aperture (NA) to increase the light extraction efficiency that is required for effective coupling into optical waveguides. Based on a previously developed experimental approach to fabricate hybrid Fabry–Perot microcavities (Ortiz-Huerta et al

• . Opt. Express 2018, 26, 33245), we managed to find analytical and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) values for the, experimentally achievable, geometrical parameters of a hybrid plano-concave microcavity that enhances the spontaneous emission (i.e., Purcell enhancement) of color centers in two

• a SPE (i.e., in-plane dipole) hosted by a 2D hBN layer inside the hybrid plano-concave microcavity. Keywords: Fabry–Perot; hBN; microcavities; plano-concave; polymers; Introduction Pure and indistinguishable SPEs are key components needed for their application in upcoming quantum technologies [1

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• activity and considerable mass transport activity. Thus, it is very important to understand the microstructure and bonding information of the resultant hybrid. We further examined the morphology of ACC-2 and its distribution over rGO nanosheets via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We notice a wide

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• between silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen particles. An hybrid pair style [48] was used in the MD simulations to match both the ReaxFF potential (for Si–Si, Si–O, Si–H, O–O, O–H, and H–H bonds) and the Morse potential (for Ar–Si, Ar–O, Ar–H, and Ar–Ar interactions). The charge equilibration for the ReaxFF

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• -electron bolometers with traps and hybrid superconducting/ferromagnetic absorbers have shown a temperature reduction of the electrons in the refrigerator junctions from 300 to 82 mK, from 200 to 33 mK, and from 100 to 25 mK in the idle regime without optical power load. The electron temperature was

• hybrid structures with graphene [13]. However, all these experiments were made without useful power load and could not be used for real experiments with detectors. The only experiments with optical power load, demonstrating background-limited operation, were carried out in [5][6][14]. Typical electron

• superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid absorbers based on Al/Fe films, as the previous samples. However, there are different oxidation parameters. This work aims to improve our new fit methodology, which takes into account both leakage and Andreev currents and also uses the sixth power of phonon and electron

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• [42]. Therefore, the potential of ZIKV60 aptamer in association with graphene to detect the NS1 protein of Zika virus on a clinical relevant scale offers the implementation of this hybrid system for early diagnosis of ZIKV infection in real samples in the future. Aptamers for ZIKV NS1 protein have

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• spectroscopy; ZnTPP; Introduction Vertical heterostructures composed by organic molecules interfaced with metallic substrates have been the subject of intense experimental and theoretical investigation during the last two decades [1][2][3]. The interest in these hybrid systems has been boosted by their

• materials possessing antithetic electronic and structural properties. In this frame, the molecule–metal interaction arising at the interface plays a crucial role in determining the morphology and the electronic properties of the hybrid organic/inorganic system. With regard to the structural aspects, a

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• discuss the properties of the coordination polymer single crystals as well as their performance in energy, environmental, and biomedical applications. Keywords: applications; assembly; coordination polymer; metal-organic frameworks; nanoarchitectonics; Introduction Coordination polymers are hybrid

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• , hybrid carbon nanomaterials such as ferrocene-thiophene modified by carbon nanotubes, zinc(II) phthalocyanine-boron dipyrromethene attached single-walled carbon nanotubes were used for the direct detection of pesticides [12][13][14][15]. So far, only limited electrochemical nanosensors modified by

• nanoribbons doped with silver nanoparticles, rGO doped with ZrO2, and CuO–TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were proposed to detect methyl parathion [19][20][21][22]. Rajaji et al. (2019) modified glassy carbon electrodes with graphene oxide encapsulated 3D porous chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) nanocomposites to detect

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Dmitriy A. Rybin,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
• Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

• is assumed for a hybrid system of a classical neural network whose configuration is dynamically adjusted by a quantum co-processor. Analytical and numerical studies take into account non-adiabatic processes as well as dissipation, which leads to smoothing of quantum coherent oscillations. The

• software-defined radio [14][15] implying the change of signal frequency and modulation. An efficient architecture of a flexible hybrid system requires a close spatial arrangement of the classical ANN with its control quantum co-processor, see Figure 1a. Superconductor technology is a promising platform for

• master equation. (a) Sketch of a flexible hybrid system consisting of a classical ANN having its configuration (synaptic weights) dynamically adjusted by a quantum co-processor. (b) Schematic representation of the SQ neuron providing nonlinear magnetic flux transformation. The energy spectrum and

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• study was carried out with different shapes (i.e., cylinder, platelet, and sphere) of nanoparticles (Cu/Al2O3 with ethylene glycol as the base fluid) using the finite element method (FEM) in MAPLE 18.0. For mathematical modelling and simulation of hybrid nanofluids, Shah et al. [33] considered a two

• -dimensional free convective hybrid nanofluid (Fe3O4 + MWCNT/H2O) stream over a resilient cylinder under the influence of a light magnetic field. The heat transportation problem was resolved by combining two methods (FEM and FVM) and an understanding that the temperature near the wall escalated due to an

• conductive properties of base fluids. Raja et al. [34] carried out an experiment in which a comparative study of the thermal behaviour of normal and hybrid nanofluids (Al2O3/H2O, CuO/H2O and Al2O3–CuO/H2O) was observed. Hybrid nanofluids (Al2O3–CuO/H2O) showed greater enhancement in thermal properties than

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• increased with the decrease of initial concentration of the 125I-radiolabeled BSA. The inverse effect was found when loading BSA onto poly(acrylic acid) and hybrid hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with chitosan/polyacrylic acid nanogels, where the loading was predominantly influenced by electrostatic

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• their wide bandgap energy (3.3–3.7 eV), strong luminescence [4][5], antibacterial properties, and UV-protection properties. Additionally, ZnO nanomaterials can be designed into various morphologies, such as nanoparticles, nanoneedles, nanorods, nanocages, nanocombs, and nanoflowers [5][6][7][8]. Hybrid

• , enhanced Raman scattering for periodic ZnO-elevated Au dimer nanostructures [12] and enhanced fluorescence emission signals from Al-doped ZnO films [13] were obtained. The development of hybrid nanocomposites based on ZnO and noble metals for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement has recently attracted

• ZnO–metal hybrid nanoparticles. Moreover, we consider the physical phenomena governing both the Raman and fluorescence enhancement using ZnO nanostructures. Review Fabrication of ZnO–noble metal nanocomposites Synthesis of ZnO nanostructures Among the exhaustive list of available physical and chemical

Tunable superconducting neurons for networks based on radial basis functions

• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 444–454, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.37

• proximity effect. The typical spin valve [55][56][57] is a hybrid structure containing at least a pair of ferromagnetic (FM) layers with different coercive forces. Variations in the relative orientation of their magnetizations change the spatial distribution of the superconducting order parameter. In the

• valve), providing a propagation of Cooper pairs to the outlying layers of the hybrid structure. The switching between the open and closed states of the valve leads to a noticeable change in the spatial distribution of Cooper pairs. The implementation of a thin superconducting spacer (s) between the FM

• the multilayer hybrid structures in the frame of Usadel equations [59]: with Kupriyanov–Lukichev boundary conditions [60], at the S/FM interfaces. Here G and F are normal and anomalous Green's functions, Δ is a pair potential (superconducting order parameter), ω = πkBT (2n + 1), where n is a natural

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• resistance due to the decrease of hole density within the p-type film [18]. In the case of the hybrid structures, a p–n heterojunction is formed between polyaniline and n-type nanostructures such as ZnO, WO3, In2O3, or fullerene [19]. The protons from polyaniline are transferred to the NH3 molecules. This

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• generated hyaline-like cartilage tissue in comparison with the acellular construct and the no-implant group [100]. In another study, researchers fabricated a cartilage-derived ECM/PCL hybrid nanofibrous scaffold to improve the biological functionality of PCL nanofibers. The presence of cartilage-derived ECM

• nanofibers in the hybrid nanofibrous scaffold considerably promoted the proliferation of chondrocytes in vitro and facilitated the regeneration of cartilage in vivo [77]. Articular cartilage function greatly depends on the structural architecture and integrity of the essential components of the ECM, which

• scaffolds and developed scaffolds with enhanced mechanical and functional properties [130]. In line with this, CNTs coated with methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) reinforced the mechanical properties of hybrid microgels without inhibiting cell growth [131]. The researchers also engineered cardiac patches using a

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• , cysteine, and glutamic acid. The cysteine residue plays a pivotal role in protecting the body from oxidation damage; however, GSH is easily metabolized by enzymes [23]. In this work, we employed a facile co-assembly strategy to design hybrid nanoparticles as antioxidants [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31

Impact of device design on the electronic and optoelectronic properties of integrated Ru-terpyridine complexes

• Max Mennicken,
• Sophia Katharina Peter,
• Corinna Kaulen,
• Ulrich Simon and
• Silvia Karthäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 219–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.16

• [5][6][7]. TP complexes, themselves or as hybrid materials with (semi)conducting species, are redox-active and, thus, enable applications in nanoelectronics and catalysis [8][9][10]. Among the suitable transition metal centers, Ru is highly attractive since Ru(TP)2-complexes show intense metal-to

• possibilities to tune Ru(TP)2–AuNP devices are more versatile. Conclusion Overall, we demonstrated that hybrid materials from Ru(TP)2-complexes and AuNPs integrated in CMOS-compatible devices are useful switching elements that can be addressed by optical means. Furthermore, we could show that the device