unDrift: A versatile software for fast offline SPM image drift correction

• Tobias Dickbreder,
• Franziska Sabath,
• Lukas Höltkemeier,
• Ralf Bechstein and
• Angelika Kühnle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1225–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.101

• determine the drift velocity from the apparent movement of stationary features either by automatic evaluation of the cross-correlation image or based on positions identified manually by the user. We demonstrate the performance and reliability of unDrift using three challenging examples, namely images

• positions for drift correction [5][12][25][29][30][31][32]. Note that all drift correction algorithms applied by unDrift rely on information contained within the measurement data solely; thus, unDrift allows for the investigation of unknown structures. To demonstrate the performance of unDrift, we apply our

• evaluation are recorded by unDrift and can be downloaded in a separate csv file. Results and Discussion To demonstrate the performance of unDrift, we will now apply the software to experimental situations where the drift correction is either especially challenging or time-consuming. Challenging experimental

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• monolayer is high. This could be probed in a non-steady-state experiment similar to those reported for Pt(CO)2X2 (X = Cl, Br) and several other potential FEBID precursors [57]. Conclusion In the current study, we evaluated the performance of [Au(CH3

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• , Taiwan (R.O.C.) Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan (R.O.C.) 10.3762/bjnano.14.96 Abstract Surface micro- and nanostructures profoundly affect the functional performance of nerve regeneration implants by modulating neurite responses

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• properties are well investigated regarding their effect on cellular uptake and the influence on in vivo performance [3][10]. Only since the first decade of the 2000s, mechanical properties have been investigated in the development of nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. A well-known example in biology

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• (reversible) superconducting logic cell. Using the simplest implementation of such a cell as an example, we have investigated the conditions under which it can optionally operate as an auxiliary qubit while maintaining its “classical” neural functionality. The performance and temperature regime estimates

• correspond to the rise/fall rates of the applied flux and the normalised inductance of the cell, respectively. The calculations show that as the inductance of the parametron l and the performance of it increases, the requirements for system temperature control also increase, necessitating increasingly lower

Spatial mapping of photovoltage and light-induced displacement of on-chip coupled piezo/photodiodes by Kelvin probe force microscopy under modulated illumination

• Zeinab Eftekhari,
• Nasim Rezaei,
• Hidde Stokkel,
• Jian-Yao Zheng,
• Andrea Cerreta,
• Ilka Hermes,
• Minh Nguyen,
• Guus Rijnders and
• Rebecca Saive

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1059–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.87

• precise motion with high resolution. This offers promising possibilities for biomedical, environmental, and micro/nanoengineering applications [5][6]. Various types of design and actuation mechanisms have been developed in recent years [7][8]. A primary requirement to unlock the better performance of

• center is around 3 to 4.6 nm/V, showing notable performance of the piezo-photodiode device under low photovoltage. The strength of our approach lies in its capability to decouple the contributions of different aspects of our hybrid system effectively, as the optoelectronic and mechanical properties are

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

• Kayhan Dağıdır and
• Kemal Bilen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1041–1058, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.86

• : Al2O3; carbon nanotubes; graphene; nanolubricant; polyolester oil; refrigeration compressor; Introduction Compressor performance is directly related to the thermophysical properties of the lubricant. Improving the thermophysical properties of lubricants can be tried as a method to improve compressor

• performance. It is stated that the addition of nanoparticles to lubricants improves their thermophysical properties. Lubricants with nanoparticles are specially called nanolubricants. Shrivastava and Chhalotre [1] conducted various experiments on a refrigeration compressor using a nanolubricant with Al2O3

• to the fact that heat transfer is fundamentally a surface-related process [5]. Nanolubricants have been widely used in recent years to improve the performance of refrigeration compressors [6][7][8]. Singh et al. [9] experimentally verified the effect of addition of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• , increasing the visible-light intensity promotes more excited electrons in the conduction band (CB) of CuO NPs. These electrons transfer to the CB of ZnO NRs and increase the photocurrent collected by the Ag electrodes. Response time and recovery are essential when evaluating a photodetector’s performance

• difficult to reach, which increases the required decay time [47]. To evaluate the photodetector performance, some essential parameters are considered. The responsivity (R) is used to determine the applicability of the visible-light photodetector. R, which is defined as the photocurrent divided by the

• . There is a significant difference in stability as well as performance between devices with and without CuO NPs. Decoration of CuO NPs can narrow the bandgap of the heterostructure so that incident photons can quickly generate charge carriers. Interestingly, the CuO NPs/ ZnO NRs photodetector shows also

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• investigated the processing and properties of high-performance terpolymer fibers, much remains to be understood about the internal nano- and microstructures of these fibers, and how these morphologies relate to fiber properties. Here we use a focused ion beam notch technique and multifrequency atomic force

• Kevlar® K29 fibers, we find remarkable differences between the internal structures of the two fibers, and posit connections between our measurements and multifunctional performance studies from the literature. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; correlative characterization; high-performance fibers

• ; structure–property relationships; Technora®; Introduction High-performance polymer fibers have enabled groundbreaking advancements in numerous applications, from personal armor to tires to sports equipment, that aim to maximize mechanical performance while minimizing weight. The successes achieved with

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• be a major strategy to enhance the efficiency. This could be achieved by varying aspect ratio, material composition, and shape to yield better analytical performance in LFAs [60]. In addition, the size of the nanomaterial is also important for capillary movement and smooth flow in the nitrocellulose

• 2017 to determine the impact of GNP size on LFA performance [25]. They compared three different sizes of GNPs (30, 60, and 100 nm) in order to determine both the colorimetric and photothermal effect on the LFA membrane (Figure 7A). The group considered C-reactive protein as a model antigen, and the

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for CO₂ storage: A review

• Ha Huu Do,
• Iqra Rabani and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 964–970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.79

• coworkers [21]. Under conditions of 296 K and 1 bar, the authors observed that Mg-MOF-74 exhibited the highest CO2 absorption capacity, reaching 8.0 mmol·g−1, followed by Co-MOF-74 with 7.0 mmol·g−1. In contrast, Zn-MOF-74 demonstrated the lowest performance, displaying an adsorption capacity of 5.5 mmol·g

• Individual MOFs displayed promising capacities for CO2 adsorption. Nevertheless, to meet industrial criteria, it is necessary to enhance the CO2 capture performance of MOFs. Therefore, various methods were applied to modify the physical and chemical properties of MOFs, leading to improved performance. The

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• model depending on the previous one. In the bagging algorithm, replica data sets are generated that minimize prediction variance in machine learning. An iterative algorithm performs a series of repeated steps to gradually improve the model’s performance or to optimize a specific parameter. The

• adjusting its parameters to minimize a specific cost or error function. These algorithms play a crucial role in training machine learning models and are fundamental to many optimization and learning techniques. Fine-tuning the model parameters through iterations helps to improve the model’s performance and

• from data and improves performance from past experiences and makes a prediction based on it [26]. In this study, along with RF, Gradient Boost, Extreme Gradient Boost, and AdaBoost were also performed. In the supervised learning approach, a model is trained on labeled datasets. Regression analysis

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• . Considering the experimental conditions for the production of pure CoAl-based LDH, we decided to compare the synthesis performance in terms of the space–time yield (STY). The STY value, defined as the amount of material (in kg) that can be produced per volume (in m3) per day, provides a good parameter to

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• performance of CO production (FECO = 78.8% at −0.85 V vs RHE), compared to its bulk counterpart with a value of 33.7% (Figure 2b). The optimal sample also showed a high turnover frequency (TOF) and outstanding stability after a testing period of 14 h (Figure 2c,d). The high catalytic activity can be ascribed

• carbon pastes, which serve as cathodes for CO2RR. To illustrate, Kornienko et al. deposited a Co-based MOF material onto an FTO substrate as a working electrode for CO2 conversion [40]. This material exhibited good performance in CO generation, achieving a faradaic efficiency (FE) of 76% (at −0.7 V vs

• nature, and high efficiency. Therefore, considerable interest has been directed towards exploring the potential of Zn-based MOFs in CO2RR applications. Wang and co-workers successfully prepared ZIF-8 from different metal salts for CO2RR [42]. ZIF-8 derived from ZnSO4 yielded the best performance for the

N-Heterocyclic carbene-based gold etchants

• Robert B. Chevalier,
• Justin Pantano,
• Matthew K. Kiesewetter and
• Jason R. Dwyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 865–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.71

• formation of molecular monolayers on gold surfaces supports a wide range of fundamental science and technological applications. While thiol-containing species continue to dominate monolayer formation, the pursuit and characterization of monolayer precursors with superior performance has been ongoing. NHCs

• ]. More recently, however, there has been an important and active effort to develop new organic ligands that support noble metal dissolution or extraction in more environmentally benign ways [28][29][30]. We present here a number of single-solute gold etchants where etching performance can be tuned by

Industrial perspectives for personalized microneedles

• Remmi Danae Baker-Sediako,
• Benjamin Richter,
• Matthias Blaicher,
• Michael Thiel and
• Martin Hermatschweiler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.70

• ultimately impede quality control [49]. Finally, DLP- and SLA-fabricated microneedles are often dull with a low aspect ratio [50], and this again affects their performance (e.g., penetration). Hence, 3D printing via 2PP is currently the best commercially available microfabrication method to enable

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• densely covers both leaf surfaces, contributes to the plant's adaptation to severe environmental conditions in Antarctica by increasing its resistance to cold temperatures, icing, harmful UV radiation, and dehydration. In the paper “Micro-structures, nanomechanical properties and flight performance of

• three beetles with different folding ratios”, Sun et al. [8] use modern, high-precision instruments to uncover the relationship between wing morphology and flight performance of three species of beetles. They use a high-speed camera to track flapping frequency, quantify the surface geometry of the wings

• with a super depth-of-field microscope, measure cross-sections of veins of wings via SEM, and characterize the nanomechanical structural and elastic behaviour of the structures using a nanoindenter. The authors use the detailed observations obtained to explore the relative aerodynamical performance of

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• improved the film-making process by adding fillers to P(VDF-TrFE), using secondary polarization, and applying other methods to enhance its piezoelectric performance. Kumar et al. prepared P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO matrix composite nanogenerators using electrospinning. Voltage and current of these nanogenerators were

• nanosensor. Construction of acoustic-electric conversion test platform The heart sound sensor needs to convert the signal of the heart sound into an electrical signal, requiring the sensor to meet certain requirements in terms of its acoustic and electrical conversion performance. A custom-built platform

• decibel level of the sound emitted is adjusted by regulating the amplitude of the signal generated and the power amplifier's amplification. During the electric-acoustic conversion performance test, a decibel tester is placed 1.5 cm above the heart sound sensor to control the sound pressure. Construction

Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• mean size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and %EE of the formulation remained stable for at least six months. The hemolytic effect of the nanoparticles was insignificant compared to that of the positive lysis control. The nanoparticle formulation exhibited similar performance in vitro against T

• explain why our formulations exhibited increased performance against T. cruzi compared with other previously reported BNZ-loaded NLC. It would be interesting to study the effect of other lipids on the parasite to optimize the efficacy of the formulations based on a potential additive or synergistic effect

• was estimated by performing a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the filtrate. Considering the initial amount of BNZ added to the formulation, the EE% was calculated as follows: where M0 is the initial amount of BNZ added to the formulation, Cfree is the drug concentration of

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• and 8.21 × 103, respectively, were obtained. The detection limits for rhodamine B and melamine were estimated to be 1.94 × 10−10 M and 2.8 × 10−8 M with relative standard deviation values of 3.4% and 4.6%, respectively. The developed SERS substrate exhibits exceptional analytical performance and has

• parameter for the fabrication of the SERS substrate. The substrate with an etching time of 40 min (PS40min@Ag) exhibited the best SERS performance and thus was chosen as the optimal substrate for the subsequent tests. The influence of the Ag NP size on the SERS signals was studied. Four different sizes of

• excellent analytical performance of the PS@Ag SERS substrate, making it a promising tool for detecting environmental pollutants and ensuring food safety. Photograph of the as-fabricated droplet-based microfluidic device. Images and absorbance spectra of Ag NPs synthesized using silver nitrate and sodium

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• catalytic performance in degrading the pollutants methyl orange and rhodamine B. The antibacterial activity of the nanocomposite is pH-dependent, related to the alterations in surface properties of the nanocomposite at different pH values. At pH 6, the nanocomposite demonstrated the highest antibacterial

• is an important topic in the field of nanotechnology. However, AgNPs synthesized in that way have a number of drawbacks such as high cost and low stability. Typically, AgNPs are loaded onto polymers/composites in order to enhance their performance in usage [4][10][12]. Among polymers, polysaccharides

• methods for their treatment [44][45]. In recent years, catalytic degradation using oxidizing and reducing agents such as H2O2 and NaBH4 has been frequently reported [46][47][48]. Plasmonic nanoscale metal particles have demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance in conjunction with NaBH4. The surface of

In situ magnesiothermic reduction synthesis of a Ge@C composite for high-performance lithium-ion batterie anodes

• Ha Tran Huu,
• Ngoc Phi Nguyen,
• Vuong Hoang Ngo,
• Huy Hoang Luc,
• Minh Kha Le,
• Minh Thu Nguyen,
• My Loan Phung Le,
• Hye Rim Kim,
• In Young Kim,
• Sung Jin Kim,
• Van Man Tran and
• Vien Vo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 751–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.62

• report an in situ magnesiothermic reduction to synthesize a composite of Ge@C as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. The obtained electrode delivered a specific capacity of 454.2 mAh·g−1 after 200 cycles at a specific current of 1000 mA·g−1. The stable electrochemical performance and good rate

• performance of the electrode (432.3 mAh·g−1 at a specific current of 5000 mA·g−1) are attributed to the enhancement in distribution and chemical contact between Ge nanoparticles and the biomass-based carbon matrix. A comparison with other synthesis routes has been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of

• , is a possible alternative for graphite electrodes due to its high theoretical capacity of 1623 mAh·g−1 (four times higher than that of graphite) and good rate performance due to high electronic (2.1 S·m−1, 1 × 104 times higher than that of silicon) and ionic (6.51 × 10−12 cm2·s−1, 400 times higher

Control of morphology and crystallinity of CNTs in flame synthesis with one-dimensional reaction zone

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Ni Luh Wulan Septiani and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 741–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.61

• CNT functionalization for energy storage, nanosensor, and nanocomposite applications, where diameter and crystallinity are influential properties that govern the overall performance of the components. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; crystallinity; flame synthesis; morphology; one-dimensional flame

• multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) with carboxyl functionalization [3]. The aerospace industry utilizes CNTs with high thermal, chemical, mechanical, and electrical performance as a nanocomposite additive to overcome problems in aircraft coatings, such as corrosion, ice accretion, lightning strike, and erosion

Nanomaterials for photocatalysis and applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy

• Viet Van Pham and
• Wee-Jun Ong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 722–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.58

• development of advanced materials based on semiconductors (i.e., carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride (MBN), MgO@g-C3N4, and TiO2@MWCNTs) have indicated a highly efficient photocatalytic performance for phenol removal using a low-power visible LED light source. For NO degradation, a visible light source

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• boundary may improve the photocatalytic performance of MoO3. The crystal structures of h-MoO3 and α-MoO3 The crystal structure of the hexagonal phase h-MoO3 Thermogravimetric results [23][24][25] indicate that the h-MoO3 phase releases water molecules during heat treatment, suggesting that water molecules

• Information Supporting Information File 28: Photocatalysis performance of the MoO3 samples. Acknowledgements We thank the Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities of Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences for the in situ X-ray diffraction experiments. Funding This