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Search for "reactivity" in Full Text gives 252 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

  • Mattia Scardamaglia and
  • Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

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  • ], a key feature of a working electrode. Therefore, graphene may be used in many fields where CNTs have been already used. The excellent mechanical properties, low reactivity and high stability [23] ensure a long-time use as a catalyst under working conditions. Another very important property of
  • turn, be active sites. A change of the reactivity can be thus obtained in a controllable way for systematic optimization. Changing the structure of current metal catalysts in order to study their dynamic behavior is a difficult task and rarely investigated [36]. In contrast, this is routinely done with
  • graphene and carbon nanotubes. Among the strategies adopted to dope graphene, heteroatom doping is a promising way to improve its reactivity by introducing active sites that facilitate the interaction with foreign gases already at room temperature [29]. Heteroatoms change the electronic properties of
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Published 18 Jul 2018

Cryochemical synthesis of ultrasmall, highly crystalline, nanostructured metal oxides and salts

  • Elena A. Trusova and
  • Nikolai S. Trutnev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1755–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.166

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  • industry and have applications in medical and biological research. Sergeev et al. have shown that the particle size is an active variable that together with other thermodynamic variables determines the state and reactivity of the system, whereby nanoparticles can promote chemical reactions which are not
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Published 12 Jun 2018

Friction force microscopy of tribochemistry and interfacial ageing for the SiOx/Si/Au system

  • Christiane Petzold,
  • Marcus Koch and
  • Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1647–1658, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.157

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  • reactivity between tip and surface occurred faster when sliding Au/Si tips on reactive Si(100) than for SiOx/Si tips. The difference can be explained by the thickness of the oxide layer on the tip, which is thinner for Au coated tips than for the oxide-sharpened SiOx/Si tips. Furthermore, the highly reactive
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Published 05 Jun 2018

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reduction

  • Rashmi Acharya,
  • Brundabana Naik and
  • Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

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  • photocatalytic behavior towards reduction of Cr(VI) under UV and visible light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic performance may be attributed to its accessible pore volume, appropriate band edge positions and specific reactivity of the crystal phase. Photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) proceeds with
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Published 16 May 2018

Chemistry for electron-induced nanofabrication

  • Petra Swiderek,
  • Hubertus Marbach and
  • Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1317–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.124

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  • potential. In fact, the composition and spatial resolution of deposits fabricated by FEBID depend on a delicate interplay of electron-induced and thermal precursor chemistry with the reactivity of the surface where these reactions take place, and with precursor transport to and on the surface. Novel
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Editorial
Published 30 Apr 2018

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

  • Nor Fazila Khairudin,
  • Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
  • Mehrnoush Khavarian and
  • Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

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  • reactivity. Promoters can be classified as small amounts of additives to active metals or support. The promoter of supports is used to prevent unwanted catalyst activity, such as carbon deposition, while promoters are added to active components to enhance reaction activity [90]. The activity and stability of
  • and 13 wt %, respectively). Based on the reactivity in DRM, both NiMg/Al2O3 catalysts prepared via different methods showed similar CO2 conversion of 27% at a reaction temperature of 600 °C, whereas the NiMg/Al2O3 catalyst prepared via the impregnation method showed a slightly higher CO2 conversion of
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Published 13 Apr 2018

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

  • Jaison Jeevanandam,
  • Ahmed Barhoum,
  • Yen S. Chan,
  • Alain Dufresne and
  • Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

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Published 03 Apr 2018

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

  • Chiara Lambruschini,
  • Silvia Villa,
  • Luca Banfi,
  • Fabio Canepa,
  • Fabio Morana,
  • Annalisa Relini,
  • Paola Riani,
  • Renata Riva and
  • Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

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  • possible when the tripeptide specifier is anchored to magnetic NPs, the reaction rate is considerably lower. Clearly, the presence of the nanoparticles influences the enzymatic activity. We think that the length and nature of the spacer is of great importance in affecting the reactivity. Although we
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Published 27 Mar 2018

Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature

  • Joseph C. Cremaldi and
  • Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85

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Published 19 Mar 2018

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

  • Katja Höflich,
  • Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
  • Katarzyna Madajska,
  • Maximilian Götz,
  • Luisa Berger,
  • Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
  • Caspar Haverkamp,
  • Iwona Szymanska and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

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  • in the planar deposits. Hence, we conclude that the actual silver content is higher and closer to that of the planar deposits. We attribute the observed high silver contents to the low precursor flux and the high reactivity of the used silver carboxylates. A recent study investigated the dependency
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Published 08 Mar 2018

Noble metal-modified titania with visible-light activity for the decomposition of microorganisms

  • Maya Endo,
  • Zhishun Wei,
  • Kunlei Wang,
  • Baris Karabiyik,
  • Kenta Yoshiiri,
  • Paulina Rokicka,
  • Bunsho Ohtani,
  • Agata Markowska-Szczupak and
  • Ewa Kowalska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 829–841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.77

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  • microorganisms, and silver coins thrown into the water prolonged its freshness [4][5][6]. Recent advances in nanotechnology enable to utilize size-dependent properties of nanomaterials, such as high specific surface area, high reactivity, quantum-size effects and plasmonic properties. Nanosilver and nanogold
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Published 07 Mar 2018

Heavy-metal detectors based on modified ferrite nanoparticles

  • Urszula Klekotka,
  • Ewelina Wińska,
  • Elżbieta Zambrzycka-Szelewa,
  • Dariusz Satuła and
  • Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 762–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.69

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  • of applied medications [2]. Also, one can imagine sensors based on nanostructures possessing very high sensitivity towards particular species due to the high surface area and specific reactivity [3][4]. However, very often not only surface termination but also core composition is of crucial
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Published 28 Feb 2018

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

  • Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
  • Syahidah Binti Afandi,
  • Mehrnoush Khavarian and
  • Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

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Published 27 Feb 2018

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

  • Sven Oras,
  • Sergei Vlassov,
  • Marta Berholts,
  • Rünno Lõhmus and
  • Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

Graphical Abstract
  • –OH functional group compared to those of –NH2 and –SH groups, a higher adhesion value might have been expected. However, this high polarity of the tail group also confers a high reactivity to Au NPs, especially with contamination in air. As a result, the final adhesive behavior of the Au coated NPs
  • that under ambient conditions an adsorbed thin water film exists at the NPs–substrate interface, that should increase the capillary forces and indirectly the adhesion between NPs and tip. On the other hand, high polarity of –COOH group increases the reactivity of NPs with airborne contaminants, which
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Published 20 Feb 2018

Mechanistic insights into plasmonic photocatalysts in utilizing visible light

  • Kah Hon Leong,
  • Azrina Abd Aziz,
  • Lan Ching Sim,
  • Pichiah Saravanan,
  • Min Jang and
  • Detlef Bahnemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 628–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.59

Graphical Abstract
  • vapour under aerobic conditions, whereby photocatalysis involving oxygen (O2) and water (H2O) as reaction species is vital. The species to which oxygen converts with high reactivity are generally called reactive oxygen species (ROSs) and four such major ROSs are recognized, namely hydroxyl radical (•OH
  • various ROSs, the rate constant of •OH is almost at the diffusion limit and hence the reactivity of •OH is considerably high. The detection methods utilized for •OH in photocatalysis are focussed on (1) laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), (2) spin-trapping ESR and (3) fluorescent probe methods. Laser
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Published 19 Feb 2018

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

  • Liga Jasulaneca,
  • Jelena Kosmaca,
  • Raimonds Meija,
  • Jana Andzane and
  • Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29

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Published 25 Jan 2018

Anchoring of a dye precursor on NiO(001) studied by non-contact atomic force microscopy

  • Sara Freund,
  • Antoine Hinaut,
  • Nathalie Marinakis,
  • Edwin C. Constable,
  • Ernst Meyer,
  • Catherine E. Housecroft and
  • Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 242–249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.26

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  • lie between 3.5 and 4.3 eV [25][26][27][28][29], and given that scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) can only be performed on thin NiO films grown on metals [30][31], non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) in ultra-high vacuum is the technique of choice. Due to its hardness and high reactivity
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Published 23 Jan 2018

Atomic layer deposition and properties of ZrO2/Fe2O3 thin films

  • Kristjan Kalam,
  • Helina Seemen,
  • Peeter Ritslaid,
  • Mihkel Rähn,
  • Aile Tamm,
  • Kaupo Kukli,
  • Aarne Kasikov,
  • Joosep Link,
  • Raivo Stern,
  • Salvador Dueñas,
  • Helena Castán and
  • Héctor García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 119–128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.14

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  • towards the trailing edge. One can recognize this phenomenon on the basis of the curves in Figure 1. The extent of the profile depends on the reactivity of the precursors, process temperature, and pulse time parameters, and has been experimentally observed, for example, in an early study devoted to ALD of
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Published 10 Jan 2018

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

  • Ziyan Warneke,
  • Markus Rohdenburg,
  • Jonas Warneke,
  • Janina Kopyra and
  • Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

Graphical Abstract
  • that FEBID deposits produced from MeCpPtMe3 can be purified by electron irradiation in the presence of H2O vapour [12] implies that as a consequence of electron exposure the deposit reacts readily with H2O. To resolve under which conditions this reactivity sets in, thin condensed layers of MeCpPtMe3
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Published 08 Jan 2018

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

  • Liane S. Slaughter,
  • Kevin M. Cheung,
  • Sami Kaappa,
  • Huan H. Cao,
  • Qing Yang,
  • Thomas D. Young,
  • Andrew C. Serino,
  • Sami Malola,
  • Jana M. Olson,
  • Stephan Link,
  • Hannu Häkkinen,
  • Anne M. Andrews and
  • Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

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  • patterned Au substrates prior to lift-off (e.g., selective wet etching), or by patterning alkanethiols on Au substrates to be reactive in selected regions but not others (controlled reactivity). In all cases, the regions containing Au–alkanethiolate layers have a sub-nanometer apparent height, which was
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Published 08 Dec 2017

Comparing postdeposition reactions of electrons and radicals with Pt nanostructures created by focused electron beam induced deposition

  • Julie A. Spencer,
  • Michael Barclay,
  • Miranda J. Gallagher,
  • Robert Winkler,
  • Ilyas Unlu,
  • Yung-Chien Wu,
  • Harald Plank,
  • Lisa McElwee-White and
  • D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2410–2424, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.240

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  • highly exothermic, driven principally by the innate reactivity of AH, coupled with the comparatively low formation enthalpy (∆Hf) of PtCl2. In addition to purification, exposure of the PtCl2 deposits to AH also frequently resulted in significant structural modifications to the deposits. In some instances
  • have limited diffusion within the deposit. Indeed, given the inherent reactivity of AO and the potential for AO recombination reactions (O + O → O2) we would expect AO to have a small penetration depth within the deposit. This is at least qualitatively consistent with our experimentally determined
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Published 15 Nov 2017

Evaluating the toxicity of TiO2-based nanoparticles to Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli: a complementary experimental and computational approach

  • Alicja Mikolajczyk,
  • Natalia Sizochenko,
  • Ewa Mulkiewicz,
  • Anna Malankowska,
  • Michal Nischk,
  • Przemyslaw Jurczak,
  • Seishiro Hirano,
  • Grzegorz Nowaczyk,
  • Adriana Zaleska-Medynska,
  • Jerzy Leszczynski,
  • Agnieszka Gajewicz and
  • Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.216

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  • University, Umultowska 85, 61-614 Poznan, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.8.216 Abstract Titania-supported palladium, gold and bimetallic nanoparticles (second-generation nanoparticles) demonstrate promising photocatalytic properties. However, due to unusual reactivity, second-generation nanoparticles can be
  • inhibiting activity [5][6]. Reactivity of TiO2 under visible light (λ > 400 nm) can be achieved in several ways [7], including: (a) metal doping [8], (b) non-metal doping [9][10], (c) self-doping (reductive treatments) [11][12], (d) surface modification by noble-metal nanoparticles of silver (Ag), gold (Au
  • different cell lines demonstrating that smaller NPs (1.4 nm) were more cytotoxic than bigger NPs. Previous studies also reported that a larger surface area (as a potential source of a larger number of ions or other reactive species) can contribute significantly to the higher reactivity [51][52]. The nano
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Published 17 Oct 2017

Electronic structure, transport, and collective effects in molecular layered systems

  • Torsten Hahn,
  • Tim Ludwig,
  • Carsten Timm and
  • Jens Kortus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2094–2105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.209

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  • assume β-stacking [25]. The selected Au surface is known to form metal–organic contacts with medium interactions [26]. On the other hand, pure Ni surfaces are known to have a very high reactivity that sometimes lead to decomposition of the deposited organic material [27][28]. The reactivity of the Ni
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Published 06 Oct 2017

Synthesis and characterization of noble metal–titania core–shell nanostructures with tunable shell thickness

  • Bartosz Bartosewicz,
  • Marta Michalska-Domańska,
  • Malwina Liszewska,
  • Dariusz Zasada and
  • Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2083–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.208

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  • core and the photoactivity of the shell, have great potential for these applications. However, the controllable synthesis of such nanostructures remains a challenge due to the high reactivity of titania precursors. Hence, a simple titania coating method that would allow better control over the shell
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Published 05 Oct 2017

α-Silicene as oxidation-resistant ultra-thin coating material

  • Ali Kandemir,
  • Fadil Iyikanat,
  • Cihan Bacaksiz and
  • Hasan Sahin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1808–1814, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.182

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  • silicene on metal substrates. One may claim that silicene retains its extreme reactivity to oxygen atoms even after forming localized silicon-oxide structures. As a result, silicene has great potential to capture unwanted atoms and to protect the metal surface. Conclusions In this study, we performed first
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Published 31 Aug 2017
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