Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells

• Hannah Onafuye,
• Sebastian Pieper,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Klaus Langer and
• Martin Michaelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166

• suspensions were diluted 1:100 with purified water and measured at a temperature of 22 °C using a backscattering angle of 173°. The zeta potential was measured in the same instrument by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis to provide information about the surface charge of the nanoparticles. Thus, the

Effects of surface charge and boundary slip on time-periodic pressure-driven flow and electrokinetic energy conversion in a nanotube

• Mandula Buren,
• Yongjun Jian,
• Yingchun Zhao,
• Long Chang and
• Quansheng Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1628–1635, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.158

• Economics, Hohhot, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.158 Abstract Time-periodic pressure-driven slip flow and electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency in a nanotube are studied analytically. The slip length depends on the surface charge density. Electric potential, velocity and streaming electric field are

• obtained analytically under the Debye–Hückel approximation. The electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency is computed using these results. The effects of surface charge-dependent slip and electroviscous effect on velocity and electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency are discussed. The main results

• show that the velocity amplitude and the electrokinetic energy conversion efficiency of the surface charge-dependent slip flow are reduced compared with those of the surface charge-independent slip flow. Keywords: electroviscous effect; energy conversion; nanofluidics; streaming potential; surface

Janus-micromotor-based on–off luminescence sensor for active TNT detection

• Ye Yuan,
• Changyong Gao,
• Daolin Wang,
• Chang Zhou,
• Baohua Zhu and
• Qiang He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1324–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.131

• surface charge of the UCNPs before and after modification was measured. As shown in Figure 1d, the zeta potential changed from −22.08 to 17.3 mV, indicating the successful surface amine group functionalization. Moreover, the fluorescence emission spectrum shows that the surface functionalization did not

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• . Here, a nanofluidic ion diode was realized by modifying carbon nitride nanotubes with different molecules yielding an asymmetric surface charge that allows for ion rectification. With the advantages of low-cost, thermal and mechanical robustness, and simple fabrication process, carbon nitride nanotubes

• nanochannels preferentially transport anions instead of cations, while the negatively charged nanochannels selectively transport cations [19][20][21]. This is the origin of ion selectivity. To realize ion rectification, asymmetric nanochannels and/or asymmetric surface-charge distributions are needed. In this

• ] indicating the formation of carbon nitride nanotubes. Ion transport in carbon nitride nanotube membrane As reported before [34][35], the graphitic carbon nitride fabricated by thermal polymerization has a negative surface charge in the initial state because of the incomplete polymerization or condensation

Imaging the surface potential at the steps on the rutile TiO₂(110) surface by Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Huan Fei Wen,
• Quanzhen Zhang,
• Yuuki Adachi,
• Jan Brndiar,
• Ivan Štich,
• Yan Jun Li and
• Yasuhiro Sugawara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1228–1236, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.122

• in CPD and propose a simple model for interpreting the local surface potential at the steps with the help of surface charge redistribution, in analogy to the Smoluchowski effect, and the local dipole moment of surface atoms supported by the DFT simulation. Experimental The experiments were carried

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• repulsion between the equally oriented dipoles related to the molecule/surface charge transfer may also play a role but is supposed to be less important here. Notably, in the three-dimensional bulk structure of HTPEN, attractive electrostatic bonds between the central sulfur atoms and the outer sulfur atoms

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• stability, aggregation behavior and fate in aquatic environments [23]. As far as the stability of 1D TNWs is concerned, Szabó et al. [24] and Horváth et al. [25] investigated the surface charge and aggregation behavior of TNWs in the presence of polyelectrolytes (i.e., poly(styrene sulfonate) and poly

• depending on the pH values, which gives rise to a surface charge compensated by counter-ion. As a consequence an electrical double layer (EDL) is formed [52]. According to classical Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory, the stability of the NMs is determined by two major contributions: the

• concentrations more DTAB is needed to affect the surface charge and consequently the zeta potential. The presence of NaBr promoted the aggregation of dispersions with higher TNW mass concentration. A decrease in the absolute value of the zeta potential was observed and less stable TNW dispersions were obtained

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• study was to compare the protein corona of PLGA NPs that were exposed to 1000 µL of either FBS or human serum in order to explore the effect of the origin of the protein source on the amount, surface charge, and identity of the adsorbed protein layer. As already discussed above, 1000 µL serum in the

• the same instrument by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis to provide information about the surface charge of the NPs. The NP dilutions described above were transferred into a folded capillary cell and the determination was conducted at 22 °C. Morphological analysis of nanoparticles by SEM A quantity

• for reference and positive controls (+) derived from pure serum diluted with purified water. Abbreviations: fetal bovine serum (FBS), human serum (HS). Surface charge evolution of PLGA NPs after exposure to different amounts of serum in the incubation solution. The differences in the mean values (mean

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• neurons [11]. Kamikobu et al. reported that the effect of Si-NPs on cell viability of embryonic kidney cells and primary hippocampal cultures depended on concentration, size and surface charge of the particles. Notably, neuronal cells were shown to be more sensitive to NP exposure compared to embryonic

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• accumulation effect, but parameters such as nanostructure shape and surface charge are extremely important [33]. A wide range of nanomaterials has been studied for cancer PTT to now, from organic conjugated polymers [34][35], through carbon-based nanomaterials [36][37], to inorganic nanostructures. Within the

• in TEM, and bright in SEM. A possible reason for this is that CAN-mag composite has a strong positive surface charge (see zeta potential results below in Figure 7), causing electrostatic repulsion forces that prevent a denser coverage. Another point that the electron microscope images show (see

The effect of translation on the binding energy for transition-metal porphyrines adsorbed on Ag(111) surface

• Luiza Buimaga-Iarinca and
• Cristian Morari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 706–717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.70

• molecule–surface charge transfer, analyzed for different geometric configurations allows us to propose qualitative models, relevant for the understanding of the self-assembly processes and related phenomena. Keywords: Ag(111) surface; DFT+U; metal porphyrine; van der Waals; Introduction Metalloporphyrins

• positions while the largest ones are obtained for the bridge positions. Most probably this is the result of decreasing the distance between molecule and surface. Since the molecule is closer to the surface, the molecule–surface charge transfer becomes more important, leading to higher dipolar moments. The

• ) interaction is a complex mechanism that involves a weak chemical bond between metal and surface, a relatively important charge transfer and an important van der Waals interaction. Molecule–surface charge transfer is reflected in the varying electronic population of the central TM atom, which in turn is

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• crystallization experiments with specific concentration. The surface charge density was determined at pH 10 to ensure the complete deprotonation of the carboxylic groups. Synthesis of CeO2/polymer hybrid nanocapsules The synthesized polymeric nanocapsules, NC and NC(Ar), were used in the crystallization

•  1 reports the different samples reported in this work with the corresponding particle sizes measured by DLS. The surface charge density of the negatively charged latex nanocapsules was determined by direct polyelectrolyte titration with a roughly 0.001 N solution of poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium

• chloride), detecting the end point with an automatic streaming current detector with a particle-charge detector Mütek PCD-03 in combination with a Metrohm Titrino automatic titrator. The samples were diluted to a solid content of 0.1 wt % for titration and the surface charge density of 1.6 carboxylic

Removal of toxic heavy metals from river water samples using a porous silica surface modified with a new β-ketoenolic host

• Said Tighadouini,
• Smaail Radi,
• Abderrahman Elidrissi,
• Khadija Haboubi,
• Maryse Bacquet,
• Stéphanie Degoutin,
• Mustapha Zaghrioui and
• Yann Garcia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 262–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.25

• . The speciation of metal ions in solution and the surface charge of the adsorbents can be influenced by the pH of a solution [56]. Donor groups attached to the adsorbents may be easily protonated or deprotonated to form different surface charges in solution at different pH values [40]. The effect of

Mechanism of silica–lysozyme composite formation unravelled by in situ fast SAXS

• Tomasz M. Stawski,
• Daniela B. van den Heuvel,
• Rogier Besselink,
• Dominique J. Tobler and
• Liane G. Benning

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 182–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.17

• physicochemical conditions [24]: U(2RHS < x < 2RHS + Δ) = −2.5 kBT; Δ = 0.1·(2RHS) under the restriction that Δmin ≥ 0.15 nm (i.e., the average H-bond length). The value of U in our study may slightly differ from literature values, because for constant pH value and salinity, the surface charge of NPs increases

• interaction between the protein LZM and amorphous silica NPs (Figure 5). Immediately upon mixing, aggregation is induced due to the opposing surface charge of the silica NPs and the protein. An infinitely extensive and open (D = 1.8–2.2) aggregate network, from the point of view of the SAXS measurement, forms

• respect to silica constitutes the configuration of the highest attraction. This together with the relatively low dipole moment and the positive surface charge of the protein surface, potentially accounts for the bridging of the NPs by the LZM molecules, as the protein does not show a favoured orientation

New micro/mesoporous nanocomposite material from low-cost sources for the efficient removal of aromatic and pathogenic pollutants from water

• Emmanuel I. Unuabonah,
• Robert Nöske,
• Jens Weber,
• Christina Günter and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 119–131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.11

• meant to determine the surface charge of samples prepared was carried out using the salt addition method, as described by Unuabonah et al. [22]. Elemental analysis to determine the amount of C, H, and N in the samples was performed with an Elementar Vario EL III elemental analyzer. Adsorption of 4

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• in the application of novel NPs in medicine and biology. Adverse effect of NOAA on living organisms may be influenced by many factors such as size, shape, solubility, exposure time, surface charge, surface area, crystallinity, agglomeration or chemical composition [7][8][9]. Since the properties of

• number of samples, biological models and characterization methods provided encompassed much less than the scope of this work. Previous studies have focused mainly on the impact of shape, size or surface charge of the nanoparticles alone [20][23][24][25]. An approach limited to one or two features

• -chemical method with spray drying, microwave solvothermal synthesis and synthesis in molten salts conducted at 300 °C) were characterized. A range of physicochemical characteristics including particle size, shape, specific surface area, degree of crystallinity, surface charge, state of agglomeration

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• recently [60], is where Δεe denotes the change in elastic strain, α is the specific surface area A/V, K the bulk modulus, Δf the change in surface stress, and Enp the Young’s modulus of the nanoporous structure. Δf can be linked to the change in surface charge density Δq via electrocapillary coupling

The nanoscaled metal-organic framework ICR-2 as a carrier of porphyrins for photodynamic therapy

• Jan Hynek,
• Sebastian Jurík,
• Martina Koncošová,
• Jaroslav Zelenka,
• Ivana Křížová,
• Tomáš Ruml,
• Kaplan Kirakci,
• Ivo Jakubec,
• František Kovanda,
• Kamil Lang and
• Jan Demel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2960–2967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.275

• diffractions using the Scherrer equation. The analysis of TEM images in Figure 2 (left) provides an average particle size of 28 nm, which is in good agreement with the results from the powder XRD analysis. The dispersibility of nanoICR-2 in aqueous media and its surface charge potential were evaluated using

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• TEM and SEM analysis. Zeta potential analysis The magnitude of the surface charge of the synthesized CaP@5-FU NPs was characterized by zeta potential analysis. The increased electrostatic repulsion between particles corresponding to a higher magnitude of the zeta potential results in reduced

• ± SEM (standard error of mean). Hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge The hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge of the CaP@5-FU and CaP NPs were measured in a Malvern Nano ZS 90 Zetasizer instrument at 25 °C. The diameter and zeta potential of 1 mg/mL CaP@5-FU NPs and CaP NPs in distilled water

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• cellulose. Surface charge modification by carboxylation, carboxymethylation, and sulphonation introduces anionic functionality to aid the defibrillation of cellulose fibres based on the principle of electrostatic repulsion between similar charges [32]. Wågberg et al. [78] revealed that carboxymethylation of

• et al. [97] found that the adsorption capacity of cationic CNFs toward anions increased with the surface charge content of cellulose. They concluded that cationic CNFs with an ammonium content of 1.2 mmol/g can be considered as an efficient adsorbent for negatively charged ions such as nitrate (NO3

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• interlocking of the RTIL molecular structure with the surface corrugation, but also by the surface charge, which is tunable (within reason) by the application of electric fields, with the effect of modifying the ordering of the boundary layers. Sliding in a confined geometry has been investigated with the

Synthesis of a MnO₂/Fe₃O₄/diatomite nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for methylene blue degradation

• Zishun Li,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Kun Liu,
• Jing Huang,
• Yueyang Xu,
• Qian Peng and
• Minlin Ao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1940–1950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.185

• highly increases the contact area between Fe3O4 nanoparticles and nano-MnO2 shell, which explains well the huge activity improvement after the coating with MnO2. The functional pH range is of vital importance for the practical application of various catalytic systems, because it affects surface charge

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• carbon remained in the particle. However, TiO2-500 and TiO2-800 showed a negligible weight loss, indicating no obvious carbon species in the particle (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3b). In addition, we measured the zeta potential of the calcined TiO2 samples for estimating the surface charge

• . Although zeta potential values of TiO2 samples do not exactly represent quantitative analysis of surface functional groups, it is a useful method to estimate the surface charge which is highly related with the surface OH group. The results show that the zeta potential values are estimated to be

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

• Silvia Rizzato,
• Elisabetta Primiceri,
• Anna Grazia Monteduro,
• Adriano Colombelli,
• Angelo Leo,
• Maria Grazia Manera,
• Roberto Rella and
• Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

• latex with surface charge density 1.2 µC/cm2 and concentration 8% w/v) and 500 ± 50 nm (non-functionalized Polybeads® – microspheres containing a slight anionic charge from sulfate ester, concentration 2.5% w/v) were respectively purchased from Invitrogen and Polyscience, Inc. Poly

• . This effect was more evident with the 500 nm diameter particles since the capillary strength is proportional to the particle radius and the surface charge was much lower. When the particle concentration increases from 2 to 5 wt % (sample ), the resulting radial distribution function is very similar

Cathodoluminescence as a probe of the optical properties of resonant apertures in a metallic film

• Kalpana Singh,
• Evgeniy Panchenko,
• Babak Nasr,
• Amelia Liu,
• Lukas Wesemann,
• Timothy J. Davis and
• Ann Roberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1491–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.140

• radiated power to position confined to the central region defined by the slots. We can gain further insight by examining the electric field produced inside the cavities on resonance when excited by a centred dipole and the accompanying surface charge on the dielectric–metal or air–dielectric boundary

• (Figure 5). The white regions observable in the surface charge distributions correspond to the air-filled holes. Figure 5a shows the magnitude of the electric field with the arrows showing the direction of the electric field at a wavelength of 690 nm in a plane just above the lower surface of the gold

• the mode excited with a centred dipole has radial symmetry. Figure 5b shows that at 690 nm, where there is a maximum in transmission, the electric field penetrates the cavity. This is accompanied by a substantial induced surface charge on the interior walls of the cavity (Figure 5d) and the relative