Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• colloidal core Ag NPs, was confirmed by UV–vis, and FTIR analyses, and monitored by TEM microscopy. The size of nanoparticles has been determined as 11.2 and 10.3 nm for Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag, respectively. The anticancer activity of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs has been evaluated against U-118 MG (human

• glioblastoma) and ARPE-19 (human retinal pigment epithelium) cells. Both NPs showed anticancer activity, but Ch/Q-Ag NPs seemed to be more effective on cancer cell lines (U-118 MG) in comparison to healthy ones (ARPE-19). Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs against Gram-negative

• as crabs, and shrimps. It is also found in the skeleton of insects and the structure of cell walls of fungi [11][12]. Chitosan, which was defined as an antimicrobial agent for the first time by Allan and Hadwiger, exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity [13][14]. In the last decade, chitosan

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• 80/20 and water contents above 87 wt %, with droplet sizes in the 180–190 nm range. The derived ethyl cellulose nanoparticles had a size between 107 and 161 nm as estimated by TEM and SEM (Figure 2). Dexamethasone (DXM), a steroid with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activity, was

• in the nanoemulsion. These nanoparticles were complexed with folic acid and showed low hemolytic activity (below 5%). The characteristics of the reported PIC nanoemulsions and derived ethyl cellulose nanoparticles are summarized in Table 1. 3.2 Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles Poly(lactic

• cells incubated with the loaded nanoparticles were close to 100% for GAL concentrations of 0.3 mg/mL. The pharmacological activity of GAL was preserved after encapsulation (as measured by the acetylcholinesterase inhibition test). PLGA nanoparticles prepared from a 0.16 M PBS (W)/Polysorbate 80 (S)/(4

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• halted cellular activity using perfusion with a fixative, which allowed researchers to separate the passive and active transport mechanisms [31]. Nevertheless, research currently confirms the existence of a completely different active transport mechanism of NPs across the endothelium that is unrelated to

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• -light spectrum. Additionally, the reverse bond between the cation and anion is more favourable for the production and transportation of holes, which facilitates photocatalytic activity. Because of this, significant efforts have been made to synthesise bismuth-based nanomaterials (BiVO4, Bi5O7I-MoO3

• photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes and antibiotics in water. The general synthesis of nanometre-sized photocatalytic materials based on bismuth employing energy-efficient techniques is examined. A critical review is also given of ways to improve the photocatalytic activity of the photocatalysts. An

• charges and, hence, increase photocatalytic activity, metallic bismuth can function as a direct plasmonic photocatalyst (similar to Au and Ag) or a co-catalyst [77]. Also, the unique layered crystal structure of Aurivillius-type bismuth oxide-based semiconductors allows for the induction of an internal

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• silica precipitation in vitro [29][30][31][32]. The catalytic activity of these proteins is thought to be similar to the serine–histidine–aspartic acid (SHD) catalytic triad [33][34]. In this model, a hydrogen bond between serine and histidine increases the nucleophilicity of serine. Aspartic acid

• are substituted could help to elucidate the nature of the catalytic activity of SiBP. As mentioned above, the yield of the reactions with SiBP alone were lower compared to reactions including NH3 despite the same amount of initial precursor molecules (Figure 1c). A probable reason of this observation

• S5). The first hypothesis of the study was accepted as when used alone, the SiBP was able to catalyze the hydrolysis of precursor molecules and precipitate approx. 20 nm SiO2 particles organized in a branched fiber network. We propose that the catalytic activity is mediated either by the serine

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• in clinical cancer treatment. Its bioavailability and antitumor activity in the antitumor process have also been shown to be enhanced by encapsulation with liver cancer cell membranes [75]. Radiotherapy also plays an important role in tumor therapy. Nevertheless, it has been hindered by the

• effectively increased in tumor tissues, and the side effects on normal tissues can be significantly reduced [92]. Quercetin (QT), a flavonoid with various functions, such as antitumor activity and radiosensitization, has been loaded into NPs and encapsulated by cancer cell membranes to further study its

• nanoparticle with radiosensitizing activity, which showed better biocompatibility and tumor targeting after coating with a cancer cell membrane [77]. Volume and weight of tumors in mice treated with biomimetic NPs and irradiation were significantly reduced compared to those of mice treated with bare NPs. The

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• pathway inhibitor/s EGFR signal transduction pathways can be roughly divided into a pro-survival arm with the PI3K-mTOR-AKT cascade and a proliferative arm with the Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk cascade. Enhanced kinase activity on mutated EGFR with exon 19 deletion is associated with upregulated c-MYC levels through

• additive antitumor activity via downregulation of the c-MYC–HIF-1α–VEGF signaling pathway in mutated NSCLC with exon 19 deletions (Figure 1) [32][33][34]. Several randomized clinical studies have also reported on the increased effectiveness of combined chemotherapy/EGFR TKI treatments in patients with

• activity, including the downstream TKI resistance mutations (Figure 1) [70]. Lu et al. tested the efficacy of combined siRNA treatment with gefitinib in several NSCLC cell lines (A549, H1975, and H1993). The A549 cell line carried wild-type EGFR and KRAS mutations, H1975 cells expressed L858R/T790M EGFR

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• S–S linkages by intracellular glutathione (GSH). As the result, both gene editing by sgRNA/Cas9 and gene silencing by the antisense DNA cooperatively suppressed the PLK1 gene, providing remarkable antitumor activity. 4 CyD-based nanoarchitectures for effective photodynamic therapy Photodynamic

• reactive nitrogen species that are more biocidal than ROSs. Another NO-releasing β-CyD derivative (modified with N-diazoniumdiolate) showed notable bactericidal activity on a Gram-negative pathogen [80]. Other NO-releasing CyDs were also reported [81][82]. In chemodynamic therapy, ROSs are produced from

• also to increase the solubility of the protein through the binding to bulky and apolar side chains. The antiviral activity of modified CyDs towards various viruses has been previously reported as well [108]. 6.2 Molecular imprinting on CyD to bind large drugs It often happens that one CyD molecule is

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• commonly used catalyst in PEMFCs is platinum on various carbon support materials, which is used in both the anode and cathode because of its high catalytic activity toward the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) [6][17][18][19][21][22][23][24][25]. Pt is also characterized

• (Figures 4b and 4c). This observation is confirmed by the almost identical shape of the Pt 4f band (the same position and width of the peaks) for sample A and the reference catalyst 20% Pt XC-72R (Table 1). RRDE measurements of ORR activity of Pt catalysts The activity of the obtained Pt-based catalysts

• was initially assessed under well-defined rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) conditions. The ORR activity of Pt-based catalysts was evaluated in O2-saturated 0.5 M H2SO4 solution (Figure 5, Table 2, and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3). Figure 5 allows for a quick comparison of the

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• activity including the usage in wound healing [24]. Different authors prepared CQDs by using various precursors and reported on their excellent antibacterial activity and good biocompatibility [25][26][27][28][29]. In this study o-phenylenediamine dissolved in toluene was used as precursor for CQDs

• species production Singlet oxygen generation The ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a very important parameter for the determination of antibacterial activity of certain material. First, we examined the ROS generation of CQDs (Figure S2d, Supporting Information File 1). From this figure

• generate singlet oxygen. Both obtained results related to production of ROS indicate that there are no reactive centers in the structure of the carbon core that could enable the production of ROS. Antibacterial testing The antibacterial activity of CQDs differs from the antibacterial mechanism of

Batch preparation of nanofibers containing nanoparticles by an electrospinning device with multiple air inlets

• Dong Wei,
• Chengwei Ye,
• Adnan Ahmed and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 141–150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.15

• easily sink down, resulting in an uneven distribution of nanoparticles in the obtained fibers [17]. Due to their stable physical and chemical properties, good biocompatibility, excellent photoelectric properties, non-toxicity, strong antibacterial activity and low price, ZnO nanoparticles can be used in

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• replication [21]. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the added benefit of being ionic silver vessels, combining the latter’s antimicrobial properties with their own characteristics [16]. Pal et al. [22] demonstrated that triangular AgNPs seem to exhibit increased biocide activity compared to their spherical

• activity of the functionalized textiles was quantified via a liquid diffusion assay, while a plate diffusion assay was used to visualize the microbial growth inhibition. Preliminary tests showed that the Ag@PEG600DA-coated textile does not stay flat during immersion into microbial suspensions, despite

• in Figure 11a for E. coli and remarkably a total inhibition of growth was reached within 24 hours. The silver concentration has no significant impact on antibacterial activity, which indicates that a mere 3 wt % Ag-loaded sample is sufficient to obtain complete elimination of bacteria. The released

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• Lab project between HSE University and Bashkir state pedagogic University. The activity of A.S.G. was supported by the Basic Research program of HSE University.

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• constant, respectively; γ = 1/2 for materials with direct bandgap and γ = 2 for semiconductor materials with an indirect bandgap. PEC activity evaluation The PEC water splitting efficiency of the materials was evaluated through a three-electrode PEC cell using a Biologic SP-200 potentiostat. The three

• carrier concentration in MoS2/TNAs sample such in Figure 4. The mechanism for the enhanced activity of the heterojunctions can be explained by the Mott–Schottky results in Figure 5b,c. Generally, all samples show positive slopes, which proves that they are n-type semiconductors [53]. Equation 2 shows the

• consistent with the previous results from EIS analysis and the Mott–Schottky results (Figure 5). The PEC activity of MoS2/TNAs in this study is higher than that of MoS2/TNAs synthesized by using a PVA binder agent in [36]. However, the direct combination of g-C3N4 with TNAs at a relatively high fabrication

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• SEM reveals the maximum size of the particles. The catalytic activity of commercially available M1 and M2 was evaluated through the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and DBMP. The photocatalytic activity was compared with the efficiency of ozonolysis. The photocatalytic efficiency is improved by

• those for degradation. The degradation activity of DBMP was in the order of M2 > M1 > O3 > photolysis, and the same order was observed for the generation of bromide anions (Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1). The higher yields of bromides in the case of photocatalysis revealed the contribution of

• . Photocatalytic degradation of phenols The photocatalytic activity of M1 and M2 was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of PhOH and DBMP. First, 750 cm3 (1.064 × 10−3 mol·L−1) of aqueous phenol solution was placed into the reactor. The pH of the solution was adjusted to 8 ± 0.1 with 0.1 mol·L−1 NaOH. Then

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• under solar irradiation. Keywords: multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); nanomaterials; photoelectrochemical; TiO2; water splitting; Introduction TiO2 is an excellent photochemical catalyst for environmental and chemical applications due to its good activity regarding numerous reduction and oxidation

• the photocatalytic performance [4][5]. Because TiO2 only exhibits photochemical activity under UV excitation, which accounts for a small fraction (ca. 4%) of the solar energy, numerous modification methods such as doping with nonmetals, coupling with other catalysts, and attaching to supports have

• the photoelectrochemical activity in aqueous environment [18][19][20]. Figure 4 shows the EDX spectra of MWCNTs and the TiO2@MWCNTs nanocomposite. The EDX spectrum for TiO2@MWCNTs confirms the presence of Ti, which accounts for 28.76 wt %. Small amounts of Fe, Al, and Si exists in as-synthesized

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• and anticancer properties of AgNPs synthesized from pineapple peel. The authors reported a favorable antimicrobial activity at low concentrations of AgNPs. Das et al. [17] found that AgNPs synthesized in the same way have high antidiabetic potential and high cytotoxicity against HepG2 cancer cells in

• conducted by monitoring biosynthesis temperature, considering that this variable has an important influence on the formation of nanoparticles. To verify the biological behavior of the obtained Ag/AgCl nanoparticles, their cytotoxic activity in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was investigated. The novelty

• the obtaining of metallic Ag nanoparticles combined with AgCl, where AgNPs were formed by reducing compounds of the extract. Thus, the formation of AgCl was due to the availability of chlorine salts in pineapple peels. The third novelty shown in this work is that the cytotoxic activity of Ag/AgCl

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• addition of different dopants to the glass can enhance the osteogenesis (Mg, Sr, Fe, and Zr) or can yield particular properties such as angiogenesis (Cu and Co) and antimicrobial activity (Ag, Zn, Ce, Ga, and Cu). Also, dopants can change the glass solubility [13][15][16][17][18][19]. The presence of the

• one hand, it induces antibacterial activity, and, on the other hand, it promotes the formation and mineralization of bone tissue [19][32]. The HA-BG composites investigated in this work contained two types of HA, obtained either by the sol–gel method (HAG) or by the precipitation method (HAP). It was

• shown that HA resulting from the two methods significantly differs regarding the crystallite form and size, stoichiometry, surface activity, and Ca/P ratio [33][34]. Therefore, it was of interest to compare the influence of the two different types of HA on the overall behavior of the HA-BG composites

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• surface-to-volume ratio [37][38][43][44][45][46]. Biomolecules such as DNA may readily modify AuNPs by adding thiol and amine groups via Au–S or Au–N links without losing their activity [38][47]. In electrocatalytic applications, the combination of carbon-based materials with metal nanoparticles has been

• surfaces were 31.55, 26.36, and 26.21 mA, respectively. This finding proves that the AuNPs/Gr nanocomposite is suitable for electrochemical analysis and enhances the electrocatalytic activity by facilitating electron transfer in the redox process [54]. Bare SPCE and modified SPCE surfaces were examined

• it shows a significant sensitivity when modified with the AuNPs/Gr nanocomposite, which is also corroborated by CV and DPV results. These findings imply that electrode modification with AuNPs/Gr enhances electrocatalytic activity. Many researchers have reported a similar shape of the Nyquist plot

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• effects in comparison to neat gold nanoparticles. To further improve the photothermal activity, we introduced the organic photothermal agent boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) to Au-LNPs for synergistic PTT. Au- and BODIPY-grafted LNPs (AB-LNPs) were formed by simply mixing Au-LNPs with BODIPY. The BODIPY

• activity of AB-LNPs. Anti-proliferative activity of AB-LNPs MTT assay was employed to investigate the viability of 4T1 cells treated with BDP, Au-LNPs, and AB-LNPs for 24 h with or without laser irradiation (680 nm, 0.5 W/cm2, 60 s). A laser wavelength of 680 nm was used for PTT in this study. BDP showed

• comparison to 30 μM of BDP and 30 μM of Au-LNPs (Figure 5d). The results obviously demonstrated that AB-LNPs under laser irradiation could trigger the photothermal activity of BDP and Au-LNPs to exert synergized PTT. To prove the synergistic effect of combining the BDP and Au-LNPs, we also calculated the

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• -synthetically from 10-deacetyl-baccatin isolated from the Taxus family (T. baccata and T. brevifolia). It is a potent and long-known anticancer agent that acts in the metaphase-anaphase process of cancer cells, exerts a cytotoxic effect on microtubules that are vital for mitotic cellular activity, and prevents

• the proliferation of cancer cells [32][33][34]. Its potent activity against a wide spectrum of cancers such as colon cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer, recurrent ovarian cancer, and non-small cell lung cancer has been elucidated by in vitro and in vivo studies [35]. Its poor water solubility

• [15]. Manca et al. stated that using CS as coating material significantly increased the mucoadhesive activity of the formulations by positively changing the surface charge of the NPs [54]. Cell culture models are not precise enough to evaluate the interaction between NPs and mucus layer. Since the

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• absorb LED light irradiation with a light harvesting efficiency of ≈90% and a direct bandgap of 2 eV. The introduction of carbon into the HBN lattice led to a significant change in the electronic environment through the formation of C–B and C–N bonds which resulted in improved visible light activity

• shows zero activity in the visible region. Keywords: carbon modification; hexagonal boron nitride (HBN); LED light; phenol; photocatalysis; Introduction Hexagonal boron nitride (HBN) commonly known as white graphene belongs to a class of two-dimensional layered crystalline materials. It comprises

• conditions. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) studies were conducted under both dark and light conditions with a scanning speed of 5 mV/s. Photocatalytic activity The LED-light-driven photocatalysis experiments were performed in a 250 mL conical flask containing 50 mg of the as-synthesized material and 200

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• distribution of the metallic element determines the structural characteristics of the resulting BMNPs (i.e., alloy, core–shell, or intermediate stages) [6]. The scientific value of noble MNPs and BMNPs has been recently highlighted by the development of novel antimicrobial agents with remarkable activity

• against bacteria, protozoa, and viruses [7][8][9][10]. They have been proposed to complement traditional antimicrobials, either to increase their potency or broaden their activity spectrum. Furthermore, their combination with classical antibiotics is considered a promising strategy to combat the ongoing

• structure. In this case, the inner Au component favors cellular entry (typically via endocytosis) and slow release of the Ag+ ions, to which the overall biological activity of the system is ascribed. It all comes down to greater system biocompatibility [2]. Au/Ag BMNPs with a core–shell architecture can be

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• performance studies. The fabricated QDSC have superior electrochemical activity with a photoconversion efficiency of 4.91%. Keywords: alloyed QDs; photoconversion efficiency; photovoltaic performance; quantum dots; Introduction Human life depends on various forms of energy. Approximately 13 terawatts of

• electrochemical activity. It can boost charge recombination and transport electrons readily, which contributes to the enhanced performance of the QDSC. The J–V curves of the AZGSSe/TiO2 photoanode-based QDSCs are displayed in Figure 8 and the corresponding photovoltaic parameters Jsc, Voc, and FF are 14.20 mA/cm2

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• than Bi5+. The earlier compounds have been examined more thoroughly than the latter. The overlap of O 2p and Bi 6s orbitals in the valence band (VB) of Bi3+-containing compounds improves photogenerated charge mobility and, hence, improves photocatalytic activity [22][23]. Furthermore, except for BiOF

• times greater CO2 adsorption and enhanced light absorption. The enhanced properties were reflected in the photocatalytic activity, resulting in a rate of methanol synthesis of 75 mol·g−1·h−1, which was much greater than the rate produced by the unaltered Bi2WO6. As a result of the decrease in

• obtained. They found that Bi5O7Br effectively converts molecular oxygen to superoxide radicals and hydroxyl radicals in visible light. Under UV–vis irradiation, Bi5O7Br showed a higher photocatalytic activity in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye than BiOBr. The addition of Bi5O7Br photocatalysis to