Nanomechanics of few-layer materials: do individual layers slide upon folding?

• Ronaldo J. C. Batista,
• Rafael F. Dias,
• Ana P. M. Barboza,
• Alan B. de Oliveira,
• Taise M. Manhabosco,
• Thiago R. Gomes-Silva,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Andreij C. Gadelha,
• Cassiano Rabelo,
• Luiz G. L. Cançado,
• Ado Jorio,
• Hélio Chacham and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1801–1808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.162

• understanding of the structural/dynamic response of multilayered 2D materials upon bending is also an essential issue regarding technological applications, such as deformable electronics, flexible reinforcements for brittle biomedical implants [15], and ultralight resonators suited as transducers of extremely

Molecular dynamics modeling of the influence forming process parameters on the structure and morphology of a superconducting spin valve

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Roman Morari and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1776–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.160

• nanostructures are a new type of quantum electronics elements based on electron spin transport. Unlike conventional electronics, spintronics uses not only charge transfer, but also the electron spin in solids, solving the problem of transport and recording of information [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Based on the basic

Mapping of integrated PIN diodes with a 3D architecture by scanning microwave impedance microscopy and dynamic spectroscopy

• Rosine Coq Germanicus,
• Peter De Wolf,
• Florent Lallemand,
• Catherine Bunel,
• Serge Bardy,
• Hugues Murray and
• Ulrike Lüders

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1764–1775, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.159

• intrinsic layer allows one to meet the required electrical specifications for switches in power electronics. In order to analyse the profiles extracted from the sMIM measurements, the majority carrier concentration calculated by numerical simulations [31] for an abrupt PIN doping profile is compared with

Direct observation of the Si(110)-(16×2) surface reconstruction by atomic force microscopy

• Tatsuya Yamamoto,
• Ryo Izumi,
• Kazushi Miki,
• Takahiro Yamasaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1750–1756, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.157

• cantilever was used, which was cleaned by Ar+ sputtering to remove the oxide and contamination on the tip. The deflection of the cantilever was measured by the optical beam deflection method. The topography of the surface was imaged while feedback electronics were used to adjust the tip–sample distance to

Functional nanostructures for electronics, spintronics and sensors

• Anatolie S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1704–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.152

• computer memory and the potential use as quantum computer building blocks. Keeping in mind the trends with regard to “post-Moore’s” electronics, this thematic issue aimed to cover theoretical, experimental and conceptual development towards superconducting supercomputer elements. Theoretical works on

• , high-performance superconducting electronics elements for fast computing. This issue also contains progress towards various technological processes for fabrication and characterization of the base elements of a superconducting computer. For example, Arutyunov et al. [11] presented an advanced

• ” electronics for a superconducting computer where a low-noise cryogenic microwave amplifier as a read-out circuit of superconducting X-mon qubits is demonstrated. Also, in addition to the progress towards theoretical and experimental developments of a superconducting computer, this thematic issues also

Out-of-plane surface patterning by subsurface processing of polymer substrates with focused ion beams

• Serguei Chiriaev,
• Luciana Tavares,
• Vadzim Adashkevich,
• Arkadiusz J. Goszczak and
• Horst-Günter Rubahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1693–1703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.151

• Serguei Chiriaev Luciana Tavares Vadzim Adashkevich Arkadiusz J. Goszczak Horst-Gunter Rubahn NanoSYD, Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, Sønderborg, 6400, Denmark Centre for Industrial Electronics, Department of mechanical and electronic engineering, University of

A self-powered, flexible ultra-thin Si/ZnO nanowire photodetector as full-spectrum optical sensor and pyroelectric nanogenerator

• Liang Chen,
• Jianqi Dong,
• Miao He and
• Xingfu Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1623–1630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.145

• limits their application in the field of flexible electronics. Recently, the design of flexible devices with Si membranes as building blocks has been explored. These devices have become promising candidates for the use as flexible PDs due to many advantages, such as good compatibility, working in a harsh

• energy. This is achieved by utilizing the temperature dependence of electric displacement of polar materials, which are already applied in solar cells, photodetectors, temperature sensors, and stretchable electronics [15][16][17][18]. It means that the PENGs could serve as a power source to power PDs by

Walking energy harvesting and self-powered tracking system based on triboelectric nanogenerators

• Mingliang Yao,
• Guangzhong Xie,
• Qichen Gong and
• Yuanjie Su

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1590–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.141

• electronics [1][2][3][4][5] and wireless sensor networks is in high demand. Mechanical energy, which is widely distributed in the environment, is one of the most general power sources. The human body is a rich source of mechanical energy [6]. Muscle stretching, for example, converts biochemical energy into

Optically and electrically driven nanoantennas

• Monika Fleischer,
• Dai Zhang and
• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1542–1545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.136

• subject. Energy-level engineering in the gap by introducing molecules into the tunnel junction provides an additional handle to modulate photon emission from an electrically controlled optical antenna. Light emission by tunneling through a single molecule opens the door to combine electronics and quantum

A wideband cryogenic microwave low-noise amplifier

• Boris I. Ivanov,
• Dmitri I. Volkhin,
• Ilya L. Novikov,
• Dmitri K. Pitsun,
• Dmitri O. Moskalev,
• Ilya A. Rodionov,
• Evgeni Il’ichev and
• Aleksey G. Vostretsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1484–1491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.131

• aimed to be used as elements for quantum processors. The experimental study of the abovementioned quantum devices requires precise low-noise readout electronics including low-noise amplifiers [10]. Two main low-noise amplifiers parameters are small equivalent noise temperature (Tn) and relatively high

Self-assembly and spectroscopic fingerprints of photoactive pyrenyl tectons on hBN/Cu(111)

• Domenik M. Zimmermann,
• Knud Seufert,
• Luka Ðorđević,
• Tobias Hoh,
• Sushobhan Joshi,
• Tomas Marangoni,
• Davide Bonifazi and
• Willi Auwärter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1470–1483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.130

• ][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. With prominent fluorescence properties, pyrene is often considered the "fruitfly of photochemists", and several materials have been prepared for applications in optoelectronic devices and organic electronics [47]. On metal surfaces under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV

One-step synthesis of carbon-supported electrocatalysts

• Sebastian Tigges,
• Nicolas Wöhrl,
• Ivan Radev,
• Ulrich Hagemann,
• Markus Heidelmann,
• Thai Binh Nguyen,
• Stanislav Gorelkov,
• Stephan Schulz and
• Axel Lorke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1419–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.126

• excited by 13.56 MHz radio frequency (RF). The system was constructed according to the guidelines of the gaseous electronics conference reference cell reactor [37] with a specially modified planar plasma antenna to increase plasma densities at low particle energies [38] and a slightly modified chamber

Triboelectric nanogenerator based on Teflon/vitamin B1 powder for self-powered humidity sensing

• Liangyi Zhang,
• Huan Li,
• Yiyuan Xie,
• Jing Guo and
• Zhiyuan Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1394–1401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.123

• , food safety, wearable electronics, and wireless sensor networks [1][2][3][4]. However, conventional power generation is needed to supply energy to these sensor networks, which leads to increased energy usage and adverse impacts on the environment. More specifically, the degradation of the urban

• development of methods for harvesting energy from the surrounding environment and converting it into electrical power. Through the design of portable electronics and wireless sensor systems [13][14][15][16], which harvest energy from the environment, the adverse environmental effects caused by battery-powered

• significant impact on the advancement of wearable electronics, intelligent robots, and the IoT [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Presently, TENGs are used to harvest various forms of mechanical energy from the surrounding environment, such as acoustic energy, wind, vibrations and human motion [29][30][31][32][33

Controlling the proximity effect in a Co/Nb multilayer: the properties of electronic transport

• Sergey Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor Soloviev,
• Andrey Schegolev,
• Roman Morari,
• Yury Khaydukov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1336–1345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.118

• elements, including synapses. This new type of application will be discussed in more detail. The creation of artificial neural networks is one of the current trends in the development of superconductor electronics [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Such an artificial neural network contains layers of elements that

Effect of localized helium ion irradiation on the performance of synthetic monolayer MoS₂ field-effect transistors

• Jakub Jadwiszczak,
• Pierce Maguire,
• Conor P. Cullen,
• Georg S. Duesberg and
• Hongzhou Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1329–1335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.117

• materials; Introduction Layered two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors have come to the fore in recent years as promising candidates for the implementation of flexible, transparent, and low-power electronics. In particular, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), have

Cryogenic low-noise amplifiers for measurements with superconducting detectors

• Ilya L. Novikov,
• Boris I. Ivanov,
• Dmitri V. Ponomarev and
• Aleksey G. Vostretsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1316–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.115

• ; Introduction Currently, superconducting detectors are the most sensitive devices in the electromagnetic field and find wide application in radioastronomy and quantum electronics. Sensors based on superconductors can detect microwaves close to the single-photon limit [1]. Most of such sensors are based on

• Josephson junctions and superconducting thin films. Experimental studies of such sensors require the design of low-noise cryogenic readout electronics with a direct coupling to the sample. For example, investigations of noise sources in low-temperature tunnel Josephson junctions are still ongoing for high

• mobility transistor (HEMT) technology and SiGe bipolar heterojunction technology (HBT). Low-frequency amplifiers are usually applied as first stage of SQUID readout electronics [11][12] or as the readout of cryogenic bolometers [13]. In both cases the amplifiers have a working temperature of 300 K. Modern

Ultrasensitive detection of cadmium ions using a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for groundwater

• Dinesh Rotake,
• Anand Darji and
• Nitin Kale

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1242–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.108

• Dinesh Rotake Anand Darji Nitin Kale Department of Electronics Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat, Gujarat, India The Chief Technology Officer, NanoSniff Technologies Pvt. Ltd., F-14, 1st Floor, IITB Research Park, Old CSE Building, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai

• . Comparison of different methods for cadmium detection. Funding The authors would like to thank Director of Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay for the support of atomic force microscopy under “Indian Nanoelectronics Users Program” and “Visvesvaraya Ph.D. Scheme for Electronics and IT” funded by the MeitY

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

• Rosa Córdoba,
• Alfonso Ibarra,
• Dominique Mailly,
• Isabel Guillamón,
• Hermann Suderow and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1198–1206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.104

• is present along the whole nanowire length. Moreover, these nanowires become superconducting at 6.8 K and show high values of critical magnetic field and critical current density. Consequently, these 3D nano-objects could be implemented as components in the next generation of electronics, such as

• studied in detail. Nowadays, research on manufacturing highly energy-efficient three-dimensional (3D) structures [13] is critical for the development of future electronics. However, when approaching the nanometer-scale, the number of works on real 3D nano-superconductors [14][15][16][17][18][19] decreases

Hybridization vs decoupling: influence of an h-BN interlayer on the physical properties of a lander-type molecule on Ni(111)

• Maximilian Schaal,
• Takumi Aihara,
• Marco Gruenewald,
• Felix Otto,
• Jari Domke,
• Roman Forker,
• Hiroyuki Yoshida and
• Torsten Fritz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1168–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.101

• -BN on Ni(111) exhibits an atomically flat morphology [18][19]. DBP is a promising molecule in the field of organic electronics, for example, as an electron donor [20][21][22][23] or acceptor [24] in organic photovoltaic applications, and as a dopant in organic light emitting diodes [25]. For our

• a promising n-type contact for molecular electronics. Core level spectroscopy Finally, we investigated the chemical structure by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) at normal emission. In Figure 5 the N 1s, the C 1s and the B 1s spectra for DBP on bare Ni(111) as well as on h-BN/Ni(111

Thermophoretic tweezers for single nanoparticle manipulation

• Jošt Stergar and
• Natan Osterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1126–1133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.97

• position so that the thermal gradient at the location of the particle is the highest). The position is then sent to the beam steering electronics, which then repositions the heating laser focus accordingly. The most straightforward path to thermophoretic tweezing is to employ laser tweezers, which are

Vibration analysis and pull-in instability behavior in a multiwalled piezoelectric nanosensor with fluid flow conveyance

• Sayyid H. Hashemi Kachapi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1072–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.92

• , pharmaceutical, agricultural, environmental, advanced materials, chemical science, physics, electronics, information technology, biomedical and medical fields [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Due to this extended use of nanosensors, especially piezoelectric nanosensors in vibration devices, mathematical models

A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans

• Selene Acosta,
• Carlos Moreno-Aguilar,
• Dania Hernández-Sánchez,
• Beatriz Morales-Cruzado,
• Erick Sarmiento-Gomez,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90

• -ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with a VERSAPROBE PHI 5000 instrument from Physical Electronics, equipped with a monochromatic Al Kα X-ray source under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The energy resolution was 0.7 eV. For the compensation of built-up charge on the sample surface during the

Epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of thin-film PdFe/VN and VN/PdFe bilayers on MgO(001) substrates

• Wael M. Mohammed,
• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Airat G. Kiiamov,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 807–813, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.65

• ; epitaxial superconductor–ferromagnet heterostructure; palladium–iron alloy (PdFe); vanadium nitride (VN); superconducting spintronics; Introduction Since its invention, rapid single-flux quantum (RSFQ) logic [1][2] based on superconducting digital electronics has been seriously considered as an alternative

• to semiconductor electronics for supercomputing applications [3][4][5]. Merging it with magnetism [6][7][8] has given a birth to superconducting spintronics [9][10]. The latter concept was implemented in the US Cryogenic Computing Complexity (C3) Program [11][12][13] with the goal “to demonstrate a

• argued that the use of magnetic Josephson junctions in single-flux quantum electronics significantly reduces the number of junctions and interconnects in the circuits [26] and also has other important advantages such as wide operation margins and low bit-error rate [27]. The magnetic material has to be

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• interaction while the intra-layer bonding is via the strong covalent interaction. This makes them inherently flexible and good candidates for flexible electronics [9], optoelectronics [10], and other related applications [11][12]. Amongst the TMDCs, WSe2 offers unique advantages for device applications, which

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• layered materials, molybdenum oxide (MoO3) has gained special attention because of its numerous applications in electronics, catalysis, electrochemistry, solar cells and gas sensors [6]. Monolayered and few-layered MoO3 has been reported to have better properties than the bulk material [7]. Thus, it is

• for the fabrication of flexible supercapacitors for wearable electronics. (a) UV–vis spectra of MoO3 dispersions obtained from different initial concentrations (Ci). The inset shows the final concentration as a function of the initial concentration; (b) UV–vis spectra of MoO3 dispersions obtained from