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Search for "nanostructure" in Full Text gives 348 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

  • Andrea Vanossi,
  • Dirk Dietzel,
  • Andre Schirmeisen,
  • Ernst Meyer,
  • Rémy Pawlak,
  • Thilo Glatzel,
  • Marcin Kisiel,
  • Shigeki Kawai and
  • Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

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  • force component originating from the interface between nanostructure and substrate [43]. Only for very small structures, dynamic NC-AFM techniques are required in which the interfacial friction can be quantified based on the frequency shift induced by the resistance of the structure against movement [55
  • particles can be of importance. This was demonstrated by MD simulations for gold clusters on HOPG, where a significant reduction of static friction was found by simply increasing the cluster thickness. As a result, the nanostructure becomes elastically stiffer, which goes along with a reduced tendency to
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Published 16 Jul 2018

Numerical analysis of single-point spectroscopy curves used in photo-carrier dynamics measurements by Kelvin probe force microscopy under frequency-modulated excitation

  • Pablo A. Fernández Garrillo,
  • Benjamin Grévin and
  • Łukasz Borowik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1834–1843, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.175

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  • nanostructure and photo-transport mechanisms has become of crucial importance for the development of many emerging photovoltaic technologies. In this context, Kelvin probe force microscopy under frequency-modulated excitation has emerged as a useful technique for probing photo-carrier dynamics and gaining
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Published 20 Jun 2018

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO2 particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

  • Jong Tae Moon,
  • Seung Ki Lee and
  • Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

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  • synthesize TiO2 photocatalysts with controlled crystallinity while maintaining a high surface area. Since many photocatalysis reactions are a liquid phase reaction, a well-dispersible colloidal TiO2 nanostructure should be one of the most ideal forms. In order to maximize the active surface area as well as
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Published 08 Jun 2018

Light extraction efficiency enhancement of flip-chip blue light-emitting diodes by anodic aluminum oxide

  • Yi-Ru Huang,
  • Yao-Ching Chiu,
  • Kuan-Chieh Huang,
  • Shao-Ying Ting,
  • Po-Jui Chiang,
  • Chih-Ming Lai,
  • Chun-Ping Jen,
  • Snow H. Tseng and
  • Hsiang-Chen Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1602–1612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.152

Graphical Abstract
  • high-luminance flip-chip blue LEDs (FC-BLEDs) to enhance the LEE [26][27]. This enhancement may occur through two mechanisms [28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The nanostructure on the LED can decrease the total light reflectivity, thereby decreasing the critical angle of total reflectivity and enhancing
  • LEE [12][16][35][36]. Whether the nanostructure, which possesses special metallic features, is influenced by the surface plasmon wave and enhances LEE has also been studied [37][38][39][40]. Results and Discussion Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy measurements The scanning
  • a predominantly regular periodic nanostructure. The nanopore diameters of the three samples are approximately 73–75 nm, 77–79 nm, and 80–85 nm, and the distance between pores is approximately 15, 13, and 10 nm ± 2 nm. Figure 1a shows a relatively complete surface periodic structure; Figure 1b shows
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Published 30 May 2018

Interaction-tailored organization of large-area colloidal assemblies

  • Silvia Rizzato,
  • Elisabetta Primiceri,
  • Anna Grazia Monteduro,
  • Adriano Colombelli,
  • Angelo Leo,
  • Maria Grazia Manera,
  • Roberto Rella and
  • Giuseppe Maruccio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1582–1593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.150

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  • different sizes and materials. Keywords: colloidal lithography; electrostatic interactions; large-area nanostructure patterning; localized surface plasmon resonance; spherical nanoparticles; Introduction In recent years, ordered nanostructured arrays have attracted great interest because of their
  • -area nanostructure arrays with controlled size and shape for application in localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensing and magnonics. Experimental Materials Glass substrates (3.5 × 2.5 cm2) were obtained from Electro Optical Technologies. Polystyrene spheres with diameter of 80 ± 7 nm (sulfate
  • on the whole surface considered. The optical absorbance of the fabricated nanostructure was characterized by a Cary500 UV–visible spectrophotometer. All the spectra were taken in the vis–NIR spectral range at room temperature and compared with expected theoretical results obtained through numerical
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Published 29 May 2018

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO2(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

  • Huan Xing,
  • Wei Wen and
  • Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

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  • assist the photodegradation of phenol in water under UV light illumination. The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the significantly increased surface area and enhanced charge separation. Keywords: branched nanostructure; photocatalysis; reduced graphene oxide; TiO2(B); Introduction
  • harvesting efficiency, which also contributes to increased photocatalytic activity [22][27]. Herein, we report a novel approach to synthesize branched TiO2(B) nanobelts incorporated at the same time with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The unique sheet-on-belt nanostructure demonstrates a high specific surface
  • surface area of the pristine TiO2 nanobelt. The further increased surface area of the branched nanostructure can be explained by the thinner thickness (≈2 nm, Figure 2d) and thus higher specific surface area of the nanosheet branches compared with the nanobelt trunks (≈5 nm in thickness, Figure 2a and
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Published 24 May 2018

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reduction

  • Rashmi Acharya,
  • Brundabana Naik and
  • Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

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Published 16 May 2018

Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes

  • Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
  • Alla I. Vorobjova,
  • Daria I. Tishkevich,
  • Alex V. Trukhanov,
  • Maxim V. Zdorovets and
  • Artem L. Kozlovskiy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135

Graphical Abstract
  • , in oxalate electrolyte). The comparison of the wetting nature of the two surfaces of the PAM allows the contributions due to morphology and chemical properties to wetting of the nanostructure surface to be distinguished. It was shown that the etching method influences the surface morphology of the
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Published 15 May 2018

The electrical conductivity of CNT/graphene composites: a new method for accelerating transmission function calculations

  • Olga E. Glukhova and
  • Dmitriy S. Shmygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1254–1262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.117

Graphical Abstract
  • of the nanostructure. However, in order to obtain a converged form of the averaged transmission function, it may be necessary to calculate it in a set of points in the reciprocal lattice, which is unattainable for a large number of atoms in the considered system. In this connection, the development
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Published 20 Apr 2018
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  • . The center-to-center spacing of each nanostructure measures 500 nm which matches to the diameter of the original surface mask of Si spheres. The areas with CMPS have self-polymerized to form multilayer nanostructures. The OTS resist confines the multilayer polymerization of CMPS to form within the
  • Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1) The nanostructures of CMPS also showed growth in lateral dimensions after the addition of porphyrin. A comparison of the nanostructure surface coverage was conducted to evaluate lateral growth of the nanostructures before and after porphyrin addition. The percentage
  • lateral dimensions for CMPS nanodots, the growth was directed in the vertical direction to create taller nanostructures. However, the nanodot structures became taller and wider after reaction with H2TPyP to form heterostructures. This indicates that 3D growth takes place in the nanostructure assembly
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Published 17 Apr 2018

Circular dichroism of chiral Majorana states

  • Javier Osca and
  • Llorenç Serra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1194–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.110

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  • along the nanostructure perimeter with the excitation operator. This rule is far less obvious than rule (a) and results from the approximately 1D character of the chiral edge modes and the interference induced by the propagation through corners. Indeed, we have seen that for active transitions within
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Published 16 Apr 2018

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

  • Jaison Jeevanandam,
  • Ahmed Barhoum,
  • Yen S. Chan,
  • Alain Dufresne and
  • Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

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  • nanomaterial, it is referred to as nanofiber. Nanocomposite: Multiphase structure with at least one phase on the nanoscale dimension. Nanostructure: Composition of interconnected constituent parts in the nanoscale region. Nanostructured materials: Materials containing internal or surface nanostructure. The use
  • most famous nanostructure property in plants is the superhydrophobicity in lotus leaves that helps in self-cleaning and super-wettability of the leaves [193]. Many studies in the literature have suggested that stacks of nanostructures are responsible for the circular layer in plants and insects which
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Published 03 Apr 2018

Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

  • Federico Venturi,
  • Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
  • Amir H. Tavabi,
  • Alberto Rota,
  • Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
  • Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

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  • promise for reliable, high-capacity and high-performance devices [7]. However, in all of the proposed applications, the stability of the magnetic state of the nanostructure depends on factors such as its composition, crystal structure and shape [8]. Co-based magnetic nanostructures can be deposited by
  • coercivity is an important property in applications, as it ensures a stable magnetic state in such a nanostructure. The NWs presented here have a small enough diameter to behave in a single-domain-like manner. Higher coercivities could be achieved by depositing NWs with smaller widths. Lorentz TEM and MFM of
  • surroundings. However, due to the low Co deposit amount in this halo, it does not affect the overall magnetization state of the nanostructure. The halo may at most slightly modify the coercivity of the nanostructures [45]. Conclusion Co NWs and square nanorings were deposited using FEBID from a Co carbonyl
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Published 03 Apr 2018

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

  • Katja Höflich,
  • Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
  • Katarzyna Madajska,
  • Maximilian Götz,
  • Luisa Berger,
  • Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
  • Caspar Haverkamp,
  • Iwona Szymanska and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

Graphical Abstract
  • correspond to the full width FW (99.9%) of the SE density [9][27] but exceed the typical nanostructure widths of 3D FEBID [1][3]. Interestingly, the halo diameter tends to increase for decreasing beam current. In view of the results presented in Figure 2, this is most probably caused by forward scattering
  • through the nanostructure. The EDX spectra taken on the apex of the pillars are displayed in Figure 3d. The observed Si peak implies that the EDX spectrum from the primary electrons (tip apex) is superimposed by X-ray signals generated by forward scattered electrons (reaching the substrate). Neglecting
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Published 08 Mar 2018

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

  • Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
  • Syahidah Binti Afandi,
  • Mehrnoush Khavarian and
  • Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

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  • an attractive catalyst support for SCR catalysts due to their electronic properties and unique nanostructure [71][72][73]. CNT-supported metal oxide catalysts are well-known in the adsorption field and present interesting properties for the denitrification of NOx species [74][75]. Ma et al. [56
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Published 27 Feb 2018

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H2FeRu3(CO)13 and comparison with HFeCo3(CO)12: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

  • Ragesh Kumar T P,
  • Paul Weirich,
  • Lukas Hrachowina,
  • Marc Hanefeld,
  • Ragnar Bjornsson,
  • Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
  • Sven Barth,
  • D. Howard Fairbrother,
  • Michael Huth and
  • Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

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  • ; focused electron beam induced deposition; heteronuclear FEBID precursors; surface science; Introduction Direct-write technologies using electron beams for nanostructure deposition can surpass the limitations of standard lithography techniques, such as the growth of three-dimensional nanostructures with
  • such as magnetism at the nanoscale. Magnetic nanostructures are fundamental building blocks for applications in data storage and processing as well as the potential successor technologies based on magnonics [67] and spintronics [68] combined with high integration density relying on 3D nanostructure
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Published 14 Feb 2018

Single-step process to improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube yarn

  • Maria Cecilia Evora,
  • Xinyi Lu,
  • Nitilaksha Hiremath,
  • Nam-Goo Kang,
  • Kunlun Hong,
  • Roberto Uribe,
  • Gajanan Bhat and
  • Jimmy Mays

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 545–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.52

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  • high-performance carbon fibers. The reasons for the lower tensile strength compared to carbon fibers are believed to be defects and an inhomogeneous nanostructure, very weak interactions between CNTs, and the packing of CNT bundles [17][18]. It is still a challenge to develop a method that can produce
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Published 13 Feb 2018

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

  • Nagamalai Vasimalai,
  • Vânia Vilas-Boas,
  • Juan Gallo,
  • María de Fátima Cerqueira,
  • Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
  • José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
  • Lorena Diéguez,
  • Begoña Espiña and
  • María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

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  • %, respectively, whereas there was no significant growth inhibition to non-cancerous cells. Our preliminary results showed that this effect might be attributed to the presence of active molecules within the C-dot nanostructure, and more studies should be performed to understand the mechanism of action. Although
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Published 13 Feb 2018

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

  • Lan Ching Sim,
  • Jing Lin Wong,
  • Chen Hong Hak,
  • Jun Yan Tai,
  • Kah Hon Leong and
  • Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

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  • great support to attach with CDs. After incorporating the CDs, the CD/g-C3N4 composites exhibited a more packed and agglomerated morphological nanostructure compared to that of pure g-C3N4. A similar observation was reported in our previous research [28], showing that the clustered effect was attributed
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Published 30 Jan 2018

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

  • Liga Jasulaneca,
  • Jelena Kosmaca,
  • Raimonds Meija,
  • Jana Andzane and
  • Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29

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  • continuum-based theories may occur. For instance, for cantilevered resonating nanostructures, continuum mechanics predictions fail when the cross-sectional area of the nanostructure is on the order of tens of lattice constants [3]. At this level, quantum effects, crystalline perfection, surface and
  • contact area [8][10][11][54], observe the electrical breakdown mechanism for a single nanostructure [55][56][57][58], and investigate the dynamic processes occurring in the switch nanocontact [54]. The durability of a NEM switch strongly depends on the evolution of the contact between the switching
  • [110]; (3) Young’s modulus shows almost no dependence on the diameter of metal nanowires, for example, for Au [111]. The change of the Young’s modulus can be explained by an increased influence of the surface atoms on the overall elastic behaviour of the nanostructure at sizes below a few nanometres
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Published 25 Jan 2018

Dopant-stimulated growth of GaN nanotube-like nanostructures on Si(111) by molecular beam epitaxy

  • Alexey D. Bolshakov,
  • Alexey M. Mozharov,
  • Georgiy A. Sapunov,
  • Igor V. Shtrom,
  • Nickolay V. Sibirev,
  • Vladimir V. Fedorov,
  • Evgeniy V. Ubyivovk,
  • Maria Tchernycheva,
  • George E. Cirlin and
  • Ivan S. Mukhin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 146–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.17

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  • the study, we introduce a new dopant-stimulated method for GaN nanotube-like nanostructure synthesis using a high-intensity Si flux. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the morphological features of the GaN nanostructures. The synthesized structures have a hexagonal cross-section
  • and possess high crystal quality. We propose a theoretical model of the novel nanostructure formation which includes the role of the dopant Si. Some of the Si-doped samples were studied with the photoluminescence (PL) technique. The analysis of the PL spectra shows that the highest value of donor
  • efficiency of over 20% in such a simple SC [9]. The development of controllable methods of GaN nanostructure growth and doping on Si substrates opens up new possibilities for integration of III–V materials with established CMOS technology. The latter issue represents one of the bottlenecks of modern opto
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Published 15 Jan 2018

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

  • Ziyan Warneke,
  • Markus Rohdenburg,
  • Jonas Warneke,
  • Janina Kopyra and
  • Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

Graphical Abstract
  • deposition; nanostructure purification; platinum precursor; Introduction Focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID) produces solid nanomaterials with size down to the sub-10 nm regime by decomposing precursor molecules adsorbed on a surface under a tightly focused high-energy electron beam [1
  • obtain insight into some mechanistic aspects of the water-assisted purification process. Our results provide a fundament for the molecular understanding and rational control of FEBID nanostructure purification using water as process gas [12] with additional implications for the stability of the
  • precursor were thus deposited on the surface so that the resulting deposit had an estimated thickness in the range of a typical FEBID nanostructure [12]. This deposit was then used for a desorption experiment to study the reactions occuring during a water-assisted purification process (Figure 8). We note
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Published 08 Jan 2018

Gas-sensing behaviour of ZnO/diamond nanostructures

  • Marina Davydova,
  • Alexandr Laposa,
  • Jiri Smarhak,
  • Alexander Kromka,
  • Neda Neykova,
  • Josef Nahlik,
  • Jiri Kroutil,
  • Jan Drahokoupil and
  • Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 22–29, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.4

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  • cell electrodes, light emitting devices, quantum dots and gas sensors [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The improvement in response of metal-oxide sensors has been observed by several authors, due to the formation of isolated functional layers on the one-dimensional nanostructure surface using metal
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Published 03 Jan 2018

Facile synthesis of silver/silver thiocyanate (Ag@AgSCN) plasmonic nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance

  • Xinfu Zhao,
  • Dairong Chen,
  • Abdul Qayum,
  • Bo Chen and
  • Xiuling Jiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2781–2789, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.277

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  • 84% oxytetracycline was degraded in 60 min in the fifth cycle, and the efficiency was almost the same as for the first cycle. Further investigations revealed that after five cyclic experiments, the microstructure of Ag@AgSCN had no obvious changes except a somewhat smoother Ag@AgSCN nanostructure
  • content of Ag in Ag@AgSCN nanostructures can be controlled by simply adjusting the irradiation time of the UV light. The catalytic performance of the nanostructure was evaluated by degradation of oxytetracycline under visible-light irradiation. The Ag@AgSCN nanostructures showed high photocatalytic
  • -Elmer Lambda-35 UV–vis spectrometer. (a) XRD patterns of Ag@AgSCN nanostructures with different molar ratios of Ag to AgSCN. An (b) SEM image and (c) SAED pattern of the Ag@AgSCN nanostructure (sample M2). (a) UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectra of M0, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5. (b) Kubelka–Munk plots of M0 and
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Published 22 Dec 2017

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO4 with W doping

  • Xin Zhao and
  • Zhong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2640–2647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.264

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  • % increase). Keywords: bismuth vanadate; charge separation; nanostructure; photoelectrochemical water splitting; Introduction Solar hydrogen generation is one of the most promising approaches to create clean energy and to overcome the environmental problems associated with use of conventional fossil fuels
  • values of ηsep and ηinj of the planar and porous W-doped BiVO4 are shown in Figure 5b and 5c. ηsep at 1.23 V vs RHE of the planar and porous W-doped BiVO4 are, respectively, 41% and 47%, representing a 14% increase by the nanostructure formation. ηinj at 1.23 V vs RHE of the planar and porous W-doped
  • BiVO4 are, respectively, 55% and 66%, corresponding to a 20% increase by the nanostructure formation. It has been reported that porous structures can shorten the hole diffusion distance to the surface and, thus, enhance the charge separation efficiency close to 60% at 1.23 V vs RHE [12]. Our finding is
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Published 07 Dec 2017
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