The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• with a real structure has a less stable spin temperature behavior. The variation of this parameter in the range of 3–25 K indicates greater scattering and amplified oscillations of instantaneous values compared to those of the ideal structure case. Another macroscopic, but dependent on each atom

• values near the average thermostat target value. The system with the real structure has a less stable behavior of the spin temperature and a larger scattering of instantaneous values, which may indicate a less energetically stable state of the nanomaterial. Analyses of simulation results show that for

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• , and composition via several techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy/attenuated total reflectance, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The effect of unsaturated oleic (OA) and

• diameter, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering (Malvern Zetasizer Nano S, Palaiseau, France) were used. Transmission electron microscopy observations were conducted using a JEOL JEM 2100 HR microscope (Croissy Sur Seine, France) equipped with a LaB6 source, and

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• crystalline improvement leads to less light scattering in the metal layer [29][30]. Moreover, laser annealing reduces the defects, including grain boundaries and impurities, reducing light scattering and photon–electron interactions [29][30][31]. The optical bandgap energy Eg of ITO/Mo thin film was studied

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• electron gas (2DEG) is that standing waves can be observed near defects as a result of scattering [13]. Sabitova et al. [11] acquired dI/dV images at various voltages above 0.6 V and observed wave-like patterns around the defects. We reproduced these measurements as can be seen in Figure S1, Supporting

• behaviour as seen in the PTCDA/Ag(111) interface state. We identify a state that appears to be an array of one-dimensional quantum wells based on its shape in the dI/dV spatial maps. However, we do not observe scattering at defects and conclude that it is localized laterally at the PTCDA molecules. Methods

• . Supporting Information The Supporting Information includes methods, scattering in a PTCDA island, raw data for Figure 2, additional dI/dV data, and locations of spectra taken in Figure 3. Supporting Information File 98: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements We wish to acknowledge J. Lupton for

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• aqueous suspension. The mixture was vortexed for 30 s and further sonicated for 10 min to obtain AB-LNPs. Characterization of AB-LNPs The size distributions and zeta potentials were measured using a dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique on Malvern Zetasizer (Malvern Instruments Ltd., UK). Ultraviolet

• monodispersity of Au-LNPs. Au-LNPs and AB-LNPs exhibited the Tyndall light-scattering effect, but free BDP did not show the Tyndall effect (Figure 1a), which further proving the successful formation of AB-LNPs. The optical spectra of AB-LNPs and free BDP are shown in Figure 1b. AB-LNPs showed no absorption peak

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• –orbit scattering. For practical reasons, we propose the analytical solution for the density of states in SF bilayers in the case of a thin ferromagnet and low transparency of the SF interface. This solution is confirmed by numerical calculations using a self-consistent two-step iterative method. The

• behavior of DOS dependencies on magnetic and spin–orbit scattering times is discussed. Keywords: density of states; Josephson junctions; proximity effect; superconductivity; superconductor/ferromagnet hybrid nanostructures; Introduction It is well-known that superconductivity can be induced in a non

• sophisticated DOS structure since there is a non-zero exchange field, which causes spin-split densities of states for two spin populations of electrons [1][2][3][81]. More general considerations should also include possible spin-flips as well as spin–orbit scattering processes in the ferromagnetic region [82

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• efficiently encapsulated in the NPs. In addition, SEM micrographs were interpreted to be in accordance with the mean particle size data measured with the dynamic light scattering. Determination of drug loading capacity The rate of drug encapsulation is one of the important characterization parameters that

• phase for the blank PLGA nanoparticles. In vitro characterization of the nanoparticles Mean particle size and surface charge Mean particle size (nm), PDI, and zeta potential (mV) of the NPs were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS; Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS series, UK) with a disposable

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• -inflammatory, and anticancer). The physicochemical characterization of the supramolecular assembly (nanoGSP) in terms of size and colloidal stability was investigated by complementary spectroscopic techniques, such as UV–vis, ζ-potential, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Furthermore, the role of PolyCD

• -potential), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Experimental data suggested a multiple set of interactions between Pent and nanoGS that involves mainly the CD cavities. The biological profile of nanoG, nanoGS, and nanoGSP has been evaluated in terms of antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity by in vitro

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• scattering in this temperature range. At lower temperatures, the electronic conduction is dominated by nearest-neighbor hopping (NNH) conduction in the acceptor band, with a small activation energy ENNH ≈ 0.6 meV and an acceptor concentration of NA ≈ 1 × 1016 cm−3. These results demonstrate the enhanced

• the mobility is mainly limited by phonon scattering at high temperatures, α is close to 3/2 [33][34]. Nveff is the effective density of states of the valence band, EA is the shallow acceptor ionization energy [33], and kB is Boltzmann’s constant. At lower temperatures, most of the free holes are

• , respectively, was found, demonstrating strong scattering by phonons in this temperature range. At lower temperatures, the electronic conduction is dominated by NNH in the acceptor band with a low activation energy ENNH ≈ 0.59 meV for both NWs. These values of ENNH correspond to a concentration of acceptors of

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• Raman enhanced scattering (SERS) probes and used them to detect bisphenol A (BPA) in water. The experimental results showed that the colloidal fiber probes could detect 10−8 M BPA in water. This method of preparing colloidal fibers is simple and easy to operate and can be prepared on a large scale

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• synthesize luminescent CDs. The surface functionalities were determined using small-angle neutron scattering, in which incident neutrons interact elastically with the specimen and give information about the surface and mass of the specimen [14]. Empty fruit bunch carboxymethylcellulose as carbon source and

Numerical study on all-optical modulation characteristics of quantum cascade lasers

• Biao Wei,
• Haijun Zhou,
• Guangxiang Li and
• Bin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1011–1019, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.88

• kinetic state (high kinetic state means high electron temperature) and generating heat through electron–electron and electron–lattice scattering, which suppresses the laser output. And such a compression can be explained by the hot electron backfilling effect [20][24][25], which is caused by an increase

• electrons to the conduction band, and obtain the electron number of each subband of the conduction band by solving the partial rate equations (PRE) [17]. Whether the scattering rate and electron population of each subband can be further calculated by the FRE is judged by whether or not the electrons of each

• laser energy level as described in Equation 11, and finally the scattering rate and number of electrons in each subband are obtained. The number of photoexcited electrons, which is closely related to the number and area density of photons, forms the basis of the subsequent numerical calculation. When

Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• the planar geometry at 0 < ε < Δ, the Andreev current is expressed as [7][18]: The parameterized Green's function, was calculated using the Uzadel equation [19] with Kupriyanov–Lukichev boundary conditions [20], taking into account the decay of a state with a wave vector k due to spin scattering Here

• , τm is the magnetic scattering parameter that is found from the fit. W = W0ξ0/d is the effective tunneling parameter for planar tunnel junctions used in our CEB, W0 = R(ξ0)/RN is the tunneling parameter, RN is the normal resistance of the junction, and R(ξ0) is the resistance of Al/Fe absorber with

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• inhomogeneities cause spin-flip and pairing wave function damping, thus, reducing the magnitude of the Josephson critical current. Small-scale inhomogeneities are difficult to detect with either conventional neutron-scattering methods [34] or with the stationary magneto-optical Kerr/Faraday effect and

• ferromagnetic resonance techniques (the latter two, because of the large scale, yield volume-averaged signals). Resonant magnetic small-angle X-ray scattering applied to Pd1−xFex alloy films with x = 0.03–0.07 revealed static magnetic fluctuations on the lateral scale of about 100 nm attributed to the magnetic

Ideal Kerker scattering by homogeneous spheres: the role of gain or loss

• Qingdong Yang,
• Weijin Chen,
• Yuntian Chen and
• Wei Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 828–835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.73

• . China College for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410073, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.13.73 Abstract We investigate how the optical gain or loss (characterized by isotropic complex refractive indexes) influence the ideal Kerker scattering of

• exactly zero backward scattering. It was previously shown that, for non-magnetic homogeneous spheres with incident plane waves, either gain or loss prohibit ideal Kerker scattering, provided that only electric and magnetic multipoles of a specific order are present and contributions from other multipoles

• produce ideal Kerker scattering. Moreover, we further demonstrate that, when multipoles of different orders are simultaneously taken into consideration, loss or gain can serve as helpful rather than harmful contributing factors, for the elimination of backward scattering. Keywords: gain and loss; Kerker

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

• Elena V. Gorb,
• Iryna A. Kozeretska and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

• harmful ultraviolet radiation has been previously reported as one of the principal functions of plant surfaces bearing microstructured epicuticular waxes. It is achieved through the increased reflection and scattering of the incoming radiation by minute wax projections [38][39]. Being covered by the

• equipped for the successful scattering of strong radiation. Experimental studies with altered levels of UV-B radiation and D. antarctica showed no significant effect of enhanced or reduced radiation on the relative growth rate and leaf photosynthesis of the plants [40]. Moisture, being one of the most

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• 1170 Ω. The much lower channel resistance for the B2 mixture gives further evidence of a more robust, cleaner, and more effective transfer process. The B2 transfer appears to minimize the PMMA residues, known to act as centers of carrier scattering in graphene and to increase its resistance [19][20

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• . Measurement of size and zeta-potential Particle size and size distribution were measured based on dynamic light scattering using a ZetaSizer® Ultra (Malvern Panalytics, Malvern, United Kingdom). 50 µL of GNP dispersion was diluted 20-fold, the pH was adjusted to 7.5, and the samples were measured in the

• backscatter mode. The size was evaluated as z-average, and the size distribution is displayed as polydispersity index (PdI). The zeta potential was measured by mixed measurement mode phase analysis light scattering (M3-PALS). All measurements were performed in capillary cells with a technical and an

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• composites. Figure 2b compares Raman spectra of ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites, showing typical Raman bands at ≈1346 cm−1 (D band), ≈1576 cm−1 (G band), and ≈2680 cm−1 (2D band). All the composites show similar Raman scattering without a noticeable difference in full width at half maximum (FWHM) values. Assuming

Experimental and theoretical study of field-dependent spin splitting at ferromagnetic insulator–superconductor interfaces

• Peter Machon,
• Michael J. Wolf,
• Detlef Beckmann and
• Wolfgang Belzig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 682–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.60

• gap edge. Such shifts and following possibility to create of Shiba bands [33][34] have been investigated theoretically also recently in related systems [35][36]. Spin-active scattering in FI–S bilayers has been discussed, for example , in [29] in the clean and in [37] in the dirty limit. Here, we

• -dependent scattering. In contrast, we treat spin mixing of arbitrary strength exactly. The distribution of spin mixing angles (δφn, n is the channel index) along the transport channels is the only unknown in the theory. This distribution can be probed directly in a fully electronic experiment, measuring the

• the results. However, the theory is not restricted to this case. Thus, we replace the sum over the channel index n in the matrix current conservation with the number of channels, that is, However, in a phenomenological way we assume that, effectively, only a certain fraction r ∈ [0,1] of scattering

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• solution (Figure 3a) show regions with a high density of scattering centers (green and white points) intermixed with regions with a lower density of scattering centers (darker regions with few bright points). Size-selected solutions yield films that are more uniform, with dark-field microscopy revealing

• homogeneous distributions of scattering centers. Hence, we find that films from polydisperse films are not as homogeneous as films made from solutions that have been processed by centrifugation for size selection. There is an evident decrease in the density and intensity of scattering centers with increasing

• centrifugation rate, which indicates films with a decreased density of large particles. We quantify the number of scattering centers by analyzing the dark-field images using the software imageJ. First, we set the brightness threshold for what counts as a scattering particle. As these are dark-field images

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Tuyet Nhung Pham,
• Anh-Tuan Le,
• Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
• Tran Quang Huy and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

• 156 nm at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, measured by dynamic light scattering. After nanoformulation, the concentration of BBR NPs could reach up to 5.0 mg/mL, which is much higher than the saturation concentration without treatment. Results show a strongly enhanced antibacterial activity of BBR NPs

• BBR NPs was significantly enhanced. Thus, the concentration of BBR NPs could reach up to 5.0 mg/mL, which was much higher than the saturation concentration of pure BBR. The diameter of the BBR NPs measured with dynamic light scattering was 156 nm at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL. BBR NPs at a

• transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM1010, JEOL). The dynamic average size distribution and the stability of the prepared BBR NPs in aqueous solution were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a Zetasizer Nano ZS, Malvern Instruments. Antibacterial activity of BBR NPs The antibacterial

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• , X-ray diffraction, magnetometry [4], transmission/scanning electron imaging [5][6], small-angle scattering techniques [7], dynamic light scattering, laser diffraction [8][9], resonant mass measurement, and spatial filter velocimetry. Each of these has certain features (i.e., ease of access, ease of

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• -of-plane electric field component dominates. This phenomenon indicates that the face-on oriented CuPc molecules strongly interact with the MoSe2 flake via charge transfer and dipole–dipole interaction. Furthermore, the Raman scattering maps on the irregular MoSe2 surface show a distinct correlation

• CuPc as a Raman probe, because CuPc exhibits a large Raman scattering cross section and an extremely weak photoluminescence signal. A thin film of 5 nm of CuPc was deposited on the triangular MoSe2 flakes through thermal vapor deposition. Figure 1a shows a bright-field optical image of CuPc/MoSe2. From

• 8 × 8 μm of CuPc/MoSe2 are shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, respectively. The optical intensities in Figure 2a are coming from the sum of CuPc Raman scattering and the MoSe2 flake photoluminescence. We find that the optical intensities in Figure 2a and the SHG intensity in Figure 2b show a

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• confirmed by dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. The loading capacity of PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG nanogels and their release profiles were first optimized with bovine serum albumin. The nanogels were then used for loading and release of AAT. PHEG-Tyr and Nα-Lys-NG nanogels showed