Induced smectic phase in binary mixtures of twist-bend nematogens

• Anamarija Knežević,
• Irena Dokli,
• Marin Sapunar,
• Suzana Šegota,
• Ute Baumeister and
• Andreja Lesac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1297–1307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.122

• mixtures and a significant decrease of the band at 1286 cm−1 compared to pure BB. These bands correspond to stretching vibrations of C–O–C bonds. Similar results were obtained after the analysis of the 73 mol % mixture spectra recorded during the cooling cycle from isotropic phase (Figure S4, Supporting

• not particularly strong. In the absence of electronic arguments, we envisaged other intermolecular interactions that might promote smectic arrangement. Further analysis of the spectra of the mixture show that the bands of the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of CH2 units (νs(C−H)CH2 and

• pure BB (Figure 8b) follow the same trend as the spectra of 73 mol % mixture. The bands of CH2 vibrations shift toward higher frequencies. The spectra of CBI show different characteristics (Figure 8c). There is no shift of corresponding bands upon heating and only the bandwidth increases, which is in

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• to ultrasonic vibrations to decrease the aggregation, and deposited on a lacey carbon copper grid. TGA was performed using a Labsys EVO Setaram instrument. Approximately 5 mg of sample was weighed in an open alumina crucible and heated from 50 °C to 1000 °C in He flux (20 mL/min) with a heating rate

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• the materials when the derived surface serves as a source of surpassing scattering. The typical SERS spectra of R6G for 10−7 M and 10−6 M analyte concentrations show intensive stretching vibrations of carbon aromatic skeleton of the molecule at 1362(s), 1508(s), 1580(m), 1601(s), and 1650 (s) (Figure

• rather intense signal of the dye already at 10−8 M. The most intense SERS bands in the spectra were related to ν(C–C) stretching vibrations of the aromatic core and, namely, 1362(s), 1508(s), 1540(m), 1573(s), 1602(w), and 1650(s) cm−1 were observed to identify R6G. The bands in the lower Raman shift

• range were 1310(m) cm−1 (C–O–C stretching) and 1184(w), 1126(s), 990(w) cm−1, 777(m) cm−1 and 611(m) cm−1 corresponded to bending C–H vibrations in R6G [34]. These sharp peaks were less intensive in the spectra of R6G deposited onto mesoporous Ag blocks. Most likely, this results from better wettability

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• display a very similar carbon configuration for the 500 pA pillar (blue line) and the planar square deposit from Figure 1a (red line). In case of the pillar, the background shows more distinct molecular vibrations, most probably arising from residual precursor fragments. The ID/IG ratios of both deposits

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• different temperatures in the spectral range between 1640 and 1440 cm−1, where the bands characteristic of the internal vibrations within imine groups, thiazole and aromatic rings and alkyl chain occur. During the melting process, the positions of the IR bands assigned to the ν(HC=N)imine and ν(C=N)thiazole

Combined pulsed laser deposition and non-contact atomic force microscopy system for studies of insulator metal oxide thin films

• Daiki Katsube,
• Hayato Yamashita,
• Satoshi Abo and
• Masayuki Abe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 686–692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.63

• electron diffraction (RHEED). Sample preparation and NC-AFM, STM and LEED measurements can be performed while keeping the sample under UHV. The PLD chamber was designed to be as small as possible for easy sample exchange and transfer. In addition, a small design would lead to smaller vibrations during AFM

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• been employed for functional group analysis and the obtained spectra are shown in Figure 2. For g-C3N4, the sharp band around 807 cm−1 arises due to the presence of heptazine rings; the peaks at 1228 cm−1 and 1310 cm−1 can be assigned to the stretching vibrations of trigonal C–N(–C)–C or bridging C–NH

• spectrum of CT nanoflakes shows three distinct peaks at 435 cm−1, 540 cm−1 and 1420 cm−1 corresponding to the stretching vibrations of Ti–O, bridging stretching modes of Ti–O–Ti and bending vibration of CO32− ions which is consistent with the literature [43]. The FTIR spectrum of the CTCN heterojunction

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• intensity decreased due to anchoring of Fe3O4 nanoparticles at the defect sites. All the spectra are featured by the C=C aromatic double bond at 1667 cm−1 (V) and the C–C bond at 1447 cm−1 (VII). However, only hybrid aerogels exhibit C=O and C–O vibrations at 1723 cm−1 (IV) and 1205 cm−1 (VIII

• magnetite surface and CA/PDA coating, as well as lack of free -OH groups. Low frequency bands at 691 cm−1 (X), 626 cm−1 (XI) and 570 cm−1 (XII) are related to Fe–O vibrations in Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Interestingly, the C–N and N–H vibrations related to the presence of PDA, previously spotted on the spectrum

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• of hydroxy groups), 2893 cm−1 (C–H stretching), 1640 cm−1 (H–O–H bending of the absorbed water), 1431 cm−1 (–CH2 bending), 1369 cm−1 (O–H bending) and 1029 cm−1 (C–O–C stretching vibrations) [27]. In Figure 3b, pure PVA showed peaks at 3280 cm−1 (O–H stretching vibration of hydroxy group), 2914 cm−1

• (saturated CH2/CH3 groups, stretching vibration), 1714 cm−1 (C=O stretching), 1425 cm−1 (CH stretching) and 1083 cm−1 (C–O–C stretching vibrations) [28]. In Figure 3c, the characteristic peaks of GO, which are located at 1714 cm−1, 1586 cm−1 and 1031 cm−1, are due to C=O in carboxylic acid and carbonyl

• moieties, C–OH and C–O vibrations, respectively. As shown in the spectrum of rGO (Figure 3d), most peaks corresponding to the carbon–oxygen functional groups disappeared, which indicates the complete reduction of GO. Figure 3e shows the FTIR spectrum of the CNF/PVA/GO aerogel. Simultaneously, the

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• –540 cm−1 is due to stretching vibrations of M–O bonds (Zn-O and Fe-O). Electrochemical studies Linear-sweep voltammetry In order to know the photocurrent response of the prepared catalysts, linear-sweep voltammetry was carried out in the range of 0–1.1 V in 0.1 M Na2SO4 at a scan rate of 10 mV·s−1

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• samples. This method gives significant information about molecular vibrations. The technique involves the excitation of a sample with a monochromatic light source (i.e., laser) and collecting the scattered light. The Raman spectra of CNTs can be identified with the radial breathing mode (RBM), tangential

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• from 500 to 800 °C. Figure 3 shows the IR spectra of the original MM, TiO2-PMM500 and TiO2-PMMH500 samples as an example (because of their identity) of a TiO2-pillared material. Spectra of all the samples in the region 3700 to 2800 cm−1 feature bands due to stretching vibrations of the OH groups. In

• attributed, according to [31], to the isolated OH groups on the surface of TiO2.The absorption band at 1636 cm−1 in the region 1700 to 1500 cm−1 results from bending vibrations of the OH groups of adsorbed water molecules. Note that for all the samples of pillared materials the intensity of this band

• compared to the original MM increases due to the conservation of a larger amount of water molecules during the formation of TiO2, as noted previously in [32]. The intense band between 800 and 1200 cm−1 centered at about 1040 cm−1 corresponds to the Si–O stretching vibrations [30][33]. A change in its

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• File 1), the CDs show the obvious absorption peaks at 2925 cm−1, 1608 cm−1 and 670 cm−1 which are correlated to the stretching vibrations of C–H, stretching vibrations of C=O, and bending vibration of =C–H, respectively. The three obvious absorption peaks at 2368 cm−1, 1409 cm−1 and 1095 cm−1 are

• associated with the stretching and bending vibrations of C≡N, C=C and C−O−C, respectively. This result is consistent with previous reports [54][55]. Similar absorption bands were observed for all CD/g-C3N4 composites because the strong peaks from g-C3N4 covered the weak absorptions of CDs due to the low CD

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• assigned to the aliphatic CH group vibrations of different modes in CH, CH2 and CH3. After calcination from 550 °C to 850 °C, the absorption bands of PAN vanished due to decomposition and removal of the organic groups. The peak at 925 cm−1 was associated with Mo=O, while the prominent bands in the range of

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• main features in their FTIR spectra: a sharp low wavenumber peak at 769 cm−1 and a broad high wavenumber mode at 1359 cm−1 (spectra 1 and 3 in Figure 6), which correspond to out-of-plane B–N–B bending and in-plane B–N stretching vibrations, respectively [18][19]. The absorbance bands observed in the

• deformation vibrations of the O–B–O groups [25][26]. Thus, the results indicate the appearance of the B2O3 phase after the catalytic activity tests of the UV BN/Ag HNMs, being in agreement with the XPS data. In contrast, the O–B–O bands were not observed in CVD BN/Ag HNMs, hereby indicating that BN-shielded

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• cm−1 possibly originating from brookite (RRUFF ID: R50363.3), consistent with XRD. All FT-IR spectra exhibit a broad band centered at ca. 3300 cm−1, which can be assigned to the stretching vibrations of O–H groups from water and to the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of the N–H bonds

L-Lysine-grafted graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and metal ions

• Yan Yan,
• Jie Li,
• Fangbei Kong,
• Kuankuan Jia,
• Shiyu He and
• Baorong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2680–2688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.268

• materials were characterized by FTIR analysis (Figure 1). For GO, aromatic C=C and C=O stretching vibrations can be clearly seen at ca. 1630 and 1743 cm−1. The strong peaks around 3438 and 1400 cm−1 are ascribed to absorbed water. After L-lysine was grafted onto GO, the CH/CH2 stretching vibration of the

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• (Experimental). An indication that in the silver(I) species 1 and 2 µ-bridging carboxylates are present can be deduced from the difference of the asymmetric and symmetric vibrations (∆υCO2 = 173 cm−1) (Experimental). This value is close to the one obtained for the appropriate sodium salt (∆υCO2 = 192 cm−1

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of difurylethene-based photochromic single-molecule junctions

• Youngsang Kim,
• Safa G. Bahoosh,
• Dmytro Sysoiev,
• Thomas Huhn,
• Fabian Pauly and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2606–2614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.261

• spectra for the two different forms of C5F-ThM molecular junctions and compared them with computed IET spectra, as shown in Figure 3. The excitations of molecular vibrations appear as peaks in the second derivative of current–voltage characteristics (in the positive bias regime) and can be detected using

• no particular symmetry [39]. The pronounced peaks and dips in the IET spectra at positive and negative bias are caused by inherent molecular vibrations. In Figure 3c, the averaged IET spectra of both open and closed forms are presented for positive bias. Vibrational peaks are especially noticeable

Adsorbate-driven cooling of carbene-based molecular junctions

• Giuseppe Foti and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2060–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.206

• . We use first-principles methods of inelastic tunneling transport based on density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s functions to calculate the rates of emission and absorbtion of vibrations by tunneling electrons, the population of vibrational modes and the energy stored in them. We find

• also find that the direct influence of adsorbate states is significantly smaller and tends to heat adsorbate vibrations. Our results highlight the important role of molecular adsorbates not only on the electronic and elastic transport properties but also on the current-induced energy exchange and

• stability under bias of single-molecule circuits. Keywords: adsorbate; carbene; current-induced heating and cooling; molecular junction; vibrations; Introduction Molecular electronics has experienced a remarkable progress since its first proposal [1]. Theoretical as well as experimental advances have made

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

• Dafu Wei,
• Youwei Zhang and
• Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

• and is related to bond stretching of sp2 carbon pairs contained in rings or chains. For carbon nanospheres CP5 and CP6, there appeared a new band around 1100 cm−1, which is related to C–C sp3 vibrations [30]. The Raman spectra of three carbon nanospheres were deconvoluted by Gaussian fitting into four

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

• . The sample is usually illuminated with a monochromatic laser beam that vibrationally excites molecular chemical bonds. The energy of inelastically scattered light is changed by those vibrations that are strictly related to the structure of molecules. A plot of intensity of inelastically scattered

Synthesis and functionalization of NaGdF₄:Yb,Er@NaGdF₄ core–shell nanoparticles for possible application as multimodal contrast agents

• Dovile Baziulyte-Paulaviciene,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas,
• Marius Stasys,
• Greta Jarockyte,
• Vilius Poderys,
• Simas Sakirzanovas and
• Ricardas Rotomskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1815–1824, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.183

• can be assigned to the O–H stretching vibrations (Figure 3d) from terminal hydroxyl groups of Tween 80 (Figure 3b) and the remaining moisture in the samples. The bands centred at 2922 and 2855 cm−1 are associated with the asymmetric (νas) and symmetric (νs) stretching vibrations of methylene (–CH2

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

• Arūnas Jagminas,
• Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas and
• Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

• νas(COO) and symmetric νs(COO) stretching vibrations of the COO− group, whereas the bands in the spectral region of 1277–1341 cm−1 are due to the coupled vibration of CH2 antisymmetric deformation and CH deformation modes [35][36]. According to the literature data [27], the band at 1516 cm−1 is

• broad and strong band peaked at 2950–3002 cm−1 belongs to the symmetric stretching of NH3+ ions [40]. In the spectrum of Co ferrite NPs, presented in Figure 6c, the intense and broad band peaked at 591 cm−1 belongs to Fe–O/Co–O stretching vibrations in the tetrahedral metal complex [41]. The broad band

• −1 due to cooperative vibrations of –CH3 and –NH2 groups is indicative of the oxidation of methionine to methionine sulfoxide. However, this mechanism requires more specific evidence and needs to be studied. Conclusion Superparamagnetic methionine-coated cobalt ferrite nanoparticles with an average

Effect of the fluorination technique on the surface-fluorination patterning of double-walled carbon nanotubes

• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Emmanuel Flahaut,
• Jérémy Rio,
• Christopher P. Ewels,
• Victor O. Koroteev,
• Gregory Van Lier,
• Denis V. Vyalikh and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1688–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.169

• absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. A formation of covalent C–F bonds and a considerable reduction in the intensity of radial breathing modes from the outer shells of DWCNTs are observed for all samples. Differences in the electronic state of fluorine and the C–F vibrations for three kinds of

• . Results and Discussion Raman spectroscopy detected a growth of the intensity of the D band corresponding to out-of-plane vibrations of carbon hexagons after fluorination of the DWCNT sample (Figure 1). This is due to development of sp3-hybridized carbon defect sites as the result of covalent attachment of

• samples confirm the difference of the dominating fluorine bonding for DWCNTs treated with the three different fluorination techniques (Figure 6). In the range of C–F stretching vibrations, the FTIR spectrum of the F2-fluorinated sample is dominated by a doublet peak split at 1170 and 1210 cm−1, whereas