Toward the use of CVD-grown MoS₂ nanosheets as field-emission source

• Geetanjali Deokar,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Junjie Li,
• Francis Leonard Deepak,
• Wei Ou-Yang,
• Nicolas Reckinger,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Jean-Francois Colomer and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1686–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.160

• presented. A bright -field TEM image (Figure 3a) indicates the presence of NSs over the entire area. The as-grown NSs, densely packed with very high crystalline quality, can be seen. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) image of Figure 3a is given in Figure 3c. The ring pattern indicates that the NSs are made

Nanocomposites comprised of homogeneously dispersed magnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles and poly(methyl methacrylate)

• Sašo Gyergyek,
• David Pahovnik,
• Ema Žagar,
• Alenka Mertelj,
• Rok Kostanjšek,
• Miloš Beković,
• Marko Jagodič,
• Heinrich Hofmann and
• Darko Makovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1613–1622, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.153

• characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 1H NMR spectra were recorded in CDCl3 on a 300 MHz Agilent Technologies DD2 NMR spectrometer in the pulse Fourier transform mode with both a relaxation delay and an acquisition time of 5 s. Tetramethylsilane (TMS, δ = 0) was used as an internal chemical

• -shift standard. The diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra (DRIFT, Perkin Elmer Spectrum 400 equipped with DRIFT accessory) were recorded in KBr. The weight fraction of nanoparticles in the nanocomposites was determined with a Mettler Toledo thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument

Light extraction efficiency enhancement of flip-chip blue light-emitting diodes by anodic aluminum oxide

• Yi-Ru Huang,
• Yao-Ching Chiu,
• Kuan-Chieh Huang,
• Shao-Ying Ting,
• Po-Jui Chiang,
• Chih-Ming Lai,
• Chun-Ping Jen,
• Snow H. Tseng and
• Hsiang-Chen Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1602–1612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.152

• on the fast Fourier transform of the green section in Figure 3d. The figure shows that the lattice structure is as regular as the hexagon lattice structure of Al. Figure 3e shows a magnified view of the red rectangle region shown in Figure 3c. This figure indicates that some pores have not been

Evaluation of replicas manufactured in a 3D-printed nanoimprint unit

• Manuel Caño-García,
• Morten A. Geday,
• Manuel Gil-Valverde,
• Xabier Quintana and
• José M. Otón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1573–1581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.149

• account the 2D nature of the topography, 2D fast Fourier transform was applied on to obtain the spatial frequency. The pitch value is obtained from the inverse distance between the zeroth order and the first order of the FFT (actually the script takes the distance between the two first orders and divides

Optical near-field mapping of plasmonic nanostructures prepared by nanosphere lithography

• Gitanjali Kolhatkar,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Jiawei Zhang,
• Chahinez Dab,
• Gregory Q. Wallace,
• François Lagugné-Labarthet and
• Andreas Ruediger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1536–1543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.144

• periodicity of ≈3 µm−1 in the Fourier (2D reciprocal) space. The anisotropy of this pattern is also reflected in the 2D fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the optical image, presented in Figure 1c. In addition, those patterns vary with the polarization, and with the laser focus. Thus, these oscillation patterns

Robust topological phase in proximitized core–shell nanowires coupled to multiple superconductors

• Tudor D. Stanescu,
• Anna Sitek and
• Andrei Manolescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1512–1526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.142

• , respectively. In Equation 3 Pf[…] represents the Pfaffian [40], while the antisymmetric matrix B(k) is the Fourier transform of the Hamiltonian (Equation 1) in the Majorana basis. The matrix B(k) can be constructed using the particle–hole symmetry of the BdG Hamiltonian [8][41], where (k) is the Fourier

• transform of the (single particle) Hamiltonian corresponding to Equation 1 and = UtK is the antiunitary time-reversal operator, with Ut a unitary operator and K the complex conjugation. Explicitly, we have where Λ = 0, π/a are the time-reversal invariant points characterized by the property (−Λ) = (Λ). The

Excitation of nonradiating magnetic anapole states with azimuthally polarized vector beams

• Aristeidis G. Lamprianidis and
• Andrey E. Miroshnichenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1478–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.139

• objective. The indicator p stands either for the radial () or the azimuthal () part of the input beam. The field at the focal plane of the objective is a kind of 2D inverse Fourier transform of the input to the lens field. So, in that sense, it is expressed as a superposition of plane waves propagating in

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), XPS, XRD, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The shape of the SPR peak determined the qualitative characterization of the AgNPs, and the size range of the particles in solution concurred with the HR-TEM images. As can

Artifacts in time-resolved Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Sascha Sadewasser,
• Nicoleta Nicoara and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1272–1281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.119

• pulses, the resulting time-dependent electrostatic forces are very complex and result in intricate mixing of frequencies that may, in some cases, have a component at the detection frequency, leading to falsified KPFM measurements. Additionally, we performed fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses that

• intricate mixing of frequencies that may in some cases have a component at the detection frequency (cantilever resonance frequency). When this happens, the measured CPD deviates from the expected value. Additionally, we performed fast Fourier transform (FFT) analyses that match the results of the numerical

Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays

• Anulekha De,
• Sucheta Mondal,
• Sourav Sahoo,
• Saswati Barman,
• Yoshichika Otani,
• Rajib Kumar Mitra and
• Anjan Barman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1123–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.104

• negative delay and ultrafast demagnetization and subtracting a bi-exponential background. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) is performed over this background-subtracted oscillatory Kerr rotation data to obtain the power vs frequency plot. Figure 2a–f shows the representative background-subtracted experimental

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• rotations were measured on a digital polarimeter at 589 nm. The [α] unit is mL·g−1·dm−1 and c (concentration) unit is g in 100 mL. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum 65 (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA) instrument, equipped with a universal attenuated total

Automated image segmentation-assisted flattening of atomic force microscopy images

• Yuliang Wang,
• Tongda Lu,
• Xiaolai Li and
• Huimin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.91

• , bowing, or other types of low frequency image artifacts [19][21][25][26][27]. Among the different types of artifacts, those showing specific frequencies can be eliminated through fast Fourier transform (FFT) methods [28]. However, for some other artifacts, such as tilting and bowing, flattening is

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• ordering of such RA SAM is evidenced in Figure 1b, which shows periodically spaced ripples within the monolayer that are verified by the fast Fourier transform image inset. Both images in Figure 1b clearly indicate a 2.7 nm structural periodicity. This value is about twice the length of a RA molecule, and

• covering a graphite microplate substrate. (b) High-resolution AFM image (adhesion channel in peak force mode – see Experimental section) of the RA monolayer. The inset shows its fast Fourier transform, evidencing well-defined periodical RA ripples (periodicity: 2.7 ± 0.1 nm). (c) Schematic representation

Heavy-metal detectors based on modified ferrite nanoparticles

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Ewelina Wińska,
• Elżbieta Zambrzycka-Szelewa,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 762–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.69

• metals Cd, Cu and Pb. The obtained nanoparticles were structurally characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The amounts of Cd, Cu and Pb were measured out by atomic absorption spectroscopy

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• ACFN produced higher activity than those on ACFP. This is because the surface of CeO2/ACFN is more acidic as it was treated with nitric acid and the reaction between NO and the catalyst surface became more active. Using several characterisation techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared

Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO₂-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications

• Anna Różycka,
• Agnieszka Iwan,
• Krzysztof Artur Bogdanowicz,
• Michal Filapek,
• Natalia Górska,
• Damian Pociecha,
• Marek Malinowski,
• Patryk Fryń,
• Agnieszka Hreniak,
• Jakub Rysz,
• Paweł Dąbczyński and
• Monika Marzec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67

• interaction. Also the temperature of the phase transition was slightly affected with the increase of TiO2 concentration in imine-based composites. The changes observed in the Fourier transform middle-infrared absorption (FT-MIR) spectra confirmed the significant influence of TiO2 on structural properties of

• used. In addition, the interaction between the ground-state structure of TiO2 and imine has been studied by Fourier transform middle-infrared absorption measurements (FT-MIR) and cyclic voltammogram (CV) experiments. For the first time, the interaction of imines with TiO2 has been analyzed in terms of

• heating stage. A Perkin Elmer DSC8000 calorimeter was used for calorimetric measurements. The temperature calibration procedure was done based on the onset of the melting point of water and indium. The sample was hermetically sealed in an aluminum pan of 30 μL. The temperature-dependent Fourier transform

Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

• Fuat Topuz and
• Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

• NMR Varian system fitted with a Jacobsen brand CP/MAS probe. Two thousand scans were acquired for measurements. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of MSNs were recorded on a Bruker-VERTEX 70 spectrometer. The spectra were taken at a resolution 4 cm−1 after 128 scans accumulation for an

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• 45 kV and 100 mA. The scans were collected over a 2θ range of 10–90° with a scan rate of 2° per minute. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded for functional group analysis by using an Agilent K8002AA Carry 660 instrument. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out in order to

Anchoring Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles in a reduced graphene oxide aerogel matrix via polydopamine coating

• Błażej Scheibe,
• Radosław Mrówczyński,
• Natalia Michalak,
• Karol Załęski,
• Michał Matczak,
• Mateusz Kempiński,
• Zuzanna Pietralik,
• Mikołaj Lewandowski,
• Stefan Jurga and
• Feliks Stobiecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 591–601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.55

• Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (Bruker Optics, TENSOR 27) equipped with a MCT detector and globar source. The chemical composition of the samples was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The measurements were performed in an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chamber using a

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• characterized by means of UV–vis, fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The optical performance showed an outstanding ability for imaging purposes, with quantum yields up to 43.6%. Thus, the cytotoxicity of the above

• , Germany) and the C-dots samples were prepared on a glass substrate. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were recorded using a Perkin Elmer Spectra 100 FTIR Spectrometer (Perkin Elmer, USA). Electrospray ionization coupled to quantitative time of flight mass spectrometry measurements were performed

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• , USA) equipped with an energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) device was used to investigate the surface morphology of the carbon aerogels. The FTIR profiles were obtained using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrometer (Nicolet iS10, Thermo Electron Corp., USA). The water contact angle (CA

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• signals that mask the signals of other organic components. In such cases, tunable UV Raman spectroscopy may be used, although this technique is rarely used. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy: FTIR is often used to characterize molecular bonding on the CNT surface and to determine the modification of

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• temperature using a Fourier transform IR spectrophotometer 360 Avatar ESP in the wavenumber range 400 to 4000 cm−1 with a resolution of 2 cm−1 and averaging over 64 scans. A synchronous thermal analysis was performed using a NETZSCH STA 449F3 Jupiter (Netzsch, Germany) at a sample heating rate of 5 K/min

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• degradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Bisphenol A (BPA) was chosen as a model pollutant under natural sunlight irradiation. Herein, the structural and optical properties of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), photoluminescence

• lattice fringes of the CDs were found to be about 0.24 nm (Figure 1f), which correlated with the (100) in-plane lattice spacing of graphene [45]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) Figure 2a shows the XRD patterns of all CD/g-C3N4 composites. A major diffraction

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• using an electrospinning technique followed by calcination, using sol–gel precursors and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a processing aid. The resulting samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET

• MoO2–CNF was successfully prepared through electrospinning. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of PAN fibers, as-prepared composite PAN/PMA fibers, and composite fibers calcined at different temperatures are illustrated in Figure 2. The FTIR spectra of PAN fibers and as-prepared

• (BET) surface area was determined by nitrogen adsorption–desorption using a NOVA 2000e analyzer. The presence of functional groups was examined by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR, Avatar-370 spectrometer) using the standard method of KBr in the scanning range of 400–4000 cm−1. The size