Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

• Julia Patzsch,
• Deepu J. Babu and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

• volumetric method. At 26 bar, an adsorption capacity of 4.9 mmol/g was observed. This is comparable to the adsorption capacity of molecular sieves and vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The high pressure adsorption process of CO2 was found to irreversibly change the microporous structure of the carbon

• tubes. Keywords: carbon dioxide adsorption; carbon tubes; gas adsorption; mesoporous carbon; Introduction Nanostructured carbon and silicon carbide materials have numerous potential applications. Structured carbons such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibres or hierarchical porous carbons were

• mesoporous carbon [8], single-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [9], multiwall CNTs [10], double-wall aligned CNTs [11] as well as graphene [12]. In the case of (ii), oxygen groups such as C–O and C=O were introduced on the carbon surface to enhance the adsorption of gases such as CO2 [11]. Silicon carbide is

Assembly of metallic nanoparticle arrays on glass via nanoimprinting and thin-film dewetting

• Sun-Kyu Lee,
• Sori Hwang,
• Yoon-Kee Kim and
• Yong-Jun Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1049–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.106

• surface [1][2]. Because it is a relatively simple process [3], this technique opens up numerous applications, such as high-density magnetic recording media [2][4], photovoltaic devices [5][6][7][8][9][10], photocatalysts [11] and catalysts for the fabrication of carbon nanotubes and nanowires. However

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• greater than 60 m2/cm3, or it is a material that consists of fullerenes, graphene flakes or single wall carbon nanotubes. For materials considered to be nano-relevant, the SPM tool can be used to develop scores representing levels of concern for the following parameters: potential effect (W), potential

• easily aggregated, of providing qualitative metrics for ENM ranking (e.g., “most-least” favorable) [32]. The SMAA-TRI approach has been demonstrated for ranking of C60, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), CdSe, Ag nanoparticles (NP), and Al NP according to the following scales: size (quantitative

• assessment of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) reported by Eckelman et al. [38]. This latter study compared the environmental impacts (in freshwater) of chemical releases resulting from the manufacture (e.g., arc ablation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and high-pressure carbon monoxide (HiPco)) for a hypothetical

BTEX detection with composites of ethylenevinyl acetate and nanostructured carbon

• Santa Stepina,
• Astrida Berzina,
• Gita Sakale and
• Maris Knite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 982–988, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.100

• use of nanocarbons increases the detection range as well as the electrical conductivity of the chemiresistors and decreases the temperature dependence. Hybrid composites were made of poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) with nanocarbon black (NCB) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) as fillers and these composites

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

• Marianna V. Kharlamova Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Strudlhofgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria 10.3762/bjnano.8.85 Abstract The synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with defined properties is required for both fundamental investigations and practical applications. The

• revealing and thorough understanding of the growth mechanism of SWCNTs is the key to the synthesis of nanotubes with required properties. This paper reviews the current status of the research on the investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes. The review starts with the consideration of the

• peculiarities of the growth mechanism of carbon nanotubes. The physical and chemical states of the catalyst during the nanotube growth are discussed. The chirality selective growth of nanotubes is described. The main part of the review is dedicated to the analysis and systematization of the reported results on

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• (silica, polymer, colloidal particles, carbon nanotubes, or gelators) and an IL are called ionogels (IGs) or ion-gels [11][12][13]. Several research groups have put forward approaches towards mechanically stable IGs and studied their electrochemical properties. Gayet et al. made silica/poly(methyl

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• /COOH-MWCNT composite is a potential anode material for lithium-ion batteries. Keywords: anode material; carbon nanotubes; hydrothermal synthesis method; lithium-ion batteries; Introduction The depletion of non-renewable energy resources such as coal, petrol and natural gas has led to the urgent need

• aforementioned solution was added to 16.67 mL aqueous solution of 2 mg/mL short carboxyl of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWCNT Aladdin Corp). The mixture was magnetically stirred for 12 h. Finally, the mixture was transferred into teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave, and kept at 150 °C for 24 h. The

• -MWCNT composites and COOH-MWCNT. All peaks of Fe2O3 can be assigned to rhombohedral α-Fe2O3 (JCPDS No. 33-0664), indicating the well-crystalline structure of the as-prepared Fe2O3 nanoparticles. The black spectrum refers to carbon nanotubes, and the peak at 26° is the characteristic peak of carbon

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• , Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Łazarza 16, Kraków 31-034, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.8.68 Abstract A method of dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in aqueous media using Congo red (CR) is proposed

• . The aim of the study was to explain the mechanism of this interaction. The interaction of CR and carbon nanotubes was studied using spectral analysis of the SWNT–CR complex, dynamic light scattering (DLS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microscopic methods: atomic force microscopy (AFM

• and form supramolecular and protruding structures. This explains the high CR binding capacity of carbon nanotubes. The presented system – containing SWNTs covered with CR – offers a wide range of biomedical applications. Keywords: Congo red; single-wall carbon nanotubes; supramolecular compounds

Gas sensing properties of MWCNT layers electrochemically decorated with Au and Pd nanoparticles

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Riccardo Rossi,
• Gennaro Cassano,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 592–603, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.64

• greatly to the improvement and diffusion of gas sensor technology [5]. Specifically, the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has extensively advanced gas sensor applications [6]. Indeed, CNTs are a class of promising materials in the field of gas sensors, thanks to their unique properties, such as a

• desorption [15]. Beside these promising results, it is already well known that the modification of CNTs with selected materials can improve the sensitivity and selectivity of CNT-based sensors for several harmful gases [16]. The aim of decorating carbon nanotubes with metal nanoparticles (NPs) is to

Liquid permeation and chemical stability of anodic alumina membranes

• Dmitrii I. Petukhov,
• Dmitrii A. Buldakov,
• Alexey A. Tishkin,
• Alexey V. Lukashin and
• Andrei A. Eliseev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 561–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.60

• ). Scanning electron micrograph of the AAO_120V membrane cross section before (a) and after the filtration experiment (b). Concentration of the different aluminum complexes in solution depending on the pH of the media and dissolution reactions at different pH. SEM (a) and TEM (b) micrographs of carbon

• nanotubes formed in anodic alumina membrane pores by CVD. Comparison of ethanol permeance for initial membrane and the membrane modified with carbon (a) and the water permeance of the CVD-modified membrane (b). Polycondensation reaction. Condensation at Bronsted acid sites. Long-term permeation parameters

Nanostructured carbon materials decorated with organophosphorus moieties: synthesis and application

• Giacomo Biagiotti,
• Vittoria Langè,
• Cristina Ligi,
• Stefano Caporali,
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda,
• Anna Flis,
• K. Michał Pietrusiewicz,
• Giacomo Ghini,
• Alberto Brandi and
• Stefano Cicchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.52

• multiwalled carbon nanotubes (ox-MWCNTs) and graphene platelets (GPs). The TPPOs chosen bear functional groups able to react with the CNMs by Tour reaction (an amino group), nitrene cycloaddition (an azido group) or CuAAC reaction (one terminal C–C triple bond). All the adducts were characterized by FTIR

• allotropic species of carbon, fullerene, carbon nanotubes and graphene being the most studied and used. Since their discovery [1][2][3], they have become very attractive for researchers, due to their peculiar physical and chemical proprieties such as chemical and thermal stability, electronic conductivity

• cycles while no conversion was observed in the second cycle for amide 19. The yield of compound 21 was 48% in the second cycle. Conclusion In conclusion, we developed a simple procedure for the covalent decoration of oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene-based materials with three different

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• anthropogenic activities. The catalytic CO oxidation is a very well established and exploited process. So far, noble metals such as Pt, Pd, Rh and Au dominated as catalysts for CO oxidation [10][11][12]. Various supports such as Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, CeO2, Fe2O3 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have also been used for

Comparison of four functionalization methods of gold nanoparticles for enhancing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

• Paula Ciaurriz,
• Fátima Fernández,
• Edurne Tellechea,
• Jose F. Moran and
• Aaron C. Asensio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 244–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.27

• protein by functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes was observed by Zhang et al. [7]. However, the most significant improvements in signal have been rendered by gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), presenting promising unique chemical and physical properties, as well as biological compatibility [5][14][15

• adsorption and directional methods, respectively (Figure 2). These ratios are close to similar works performed with carbon nanotubes and covalent conjugation of HRP and anti-IgG, where an optimal ratio of 1:50 HRP/Ab was also found [7]. However, they differ from the work of Zhou and coworkers, which was

Photo-ignition process of multiwall carbon nanotubes and ferrocene by continuous wave Xe lamp illumination

• Paolo Visconti,
• Patrizio Primiceri,
• Daniele Longo,
• Luciano Strafella,
• Paolo Carlucci,
• Mauro Lomascolo,
• Arianna Cretì and
• Giuseppe Mele

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 134–144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.14

• ignitors; multiwalled carbon nanotubes; photo-induced ignition; Introduction The photo-ignition process of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was observed for the first time accidentally by exposing single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to the flash of an ordinary camera [1]. Following this, studies [2] highlighted

• characteristic of the MWCNTs. The results reported in [4] for SWCNTs have been confirmed also for multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in [5]. In fact, in this research work, the MWCNTs showed the same stabilizing behavior as the metal particles dispersed within them. Assuming the role of metallic additives

• dispersed in the CNTs is pivitol [1][2][4], Sysoev et al. [6] gave a qualitative description of the processes that occur during photo-ignition of carbon nanotubes. This analysis determined the roles and functionalities of the different stages of combustion. At the first stage (during flash ignition), the

Sensitive detection of hydrocarbon gases using electrochemically Pd-modified ZnO chemiresistors

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Gennaro Cassano,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 82–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.9

• scientific community. HCs gas sensors based on organic conducting polymers (such as polyaniline (PANI) [15][16], polypyrrole (PPy) [17] and polythiophene (PTh) [18]) and on carbon-based nanomaterials with desired functionality and conductivity (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [19] and graphene [20]) exhibit a

Diffusion of dilute gas in arrays of randomly distributed, vertically aligned, high-aspect-ratio cylinders

• Wojciech Szmyt,
• Carlos Guerra and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 64–73, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.7

• molecules diffusing between vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. Our findings are important for the correct modelling and optimisation of gas-based deposition techniques, such as atomic layer deposition or chemical vapour deposition, frequently used for surface functionalisation of high-aspect-ratio

• nanocylinder arrays in solar cells and energy storage applications. Furthermore, gas sensing devices with high-aspect-ratio nanocylinder arrays and the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes need the fundamental understanding and precise modelling of gas transport to optimise such processes. Keywords

• : dilute gas; gas transport; molecular diffusion; nanocylinders; random walk; Introduction Arrays of vertically aligned nanowires and nanotubes with high-aspect ratio composed of various materials have been widely used in science and industry. Arrays of silicon nanowires [1][2] and carbon nanotubes [3

Sub-nanosecond light-pulse generation with waveguide-coupled carbon nanotube transducers

• Felix Pyatkov,
• Svetlana Khasminskaya,
• Vadim Kovalyuk,
• Frank Hennrich,
• Manfred M. Kappes,
• Gregory N. Goltsman,
• Wolfram H. P. Pernice and
• Ralph Krupke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 38–44, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.5

• Physics, University of Münster, Münster 48149, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.5 Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently been integrated into optical waveguides and operated as electrically-driven light emitters under constant electrical bias. Such devices are of interest for the conversion of fast

• , which generate optical pulse trains in the range from 200 kHz to 2 GHz with decay times below 80 ps. Our results illustrate the potential of CNTs for hybrid optoelectronic systems and nanoscale on-chip light sources. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; infrared; integrated optics devices; nanomaterials

• needed to enable on-chip data communication in devices with small footprint. In this context carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been identified as promising active components [1][2]. As a first step towards CNT-based optoelectronic photonic devices, light generation in waveguide-like electrodes [3] and optical

Graphene–polymer coating for the realization of strain sensors

• Carmela Bonavolontà,
• Carla Aramo,
• Massimo Valentino,
• Giampiero Pepe,
• Sergio De Nicola,
• Gianfranco Carotenuto,
• Angela Longo,
• Mariano Palomba,
• Simone Boccardi and
• Carosena Meola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 21–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.3

• spectroscopy; strain sensor; Introduction Many materials have been proposed for strain sensing applications including metals, silicon, carbon nanotubes and graphene. The unique thermal, mechanical and electrical properties of graphene [1] have inspired new and appealing applications in different fields. Its

• instead of single graphene layers, self-assembled arrays of nanostructures based on graphene, such as carbon nanotubes [4][5] or graphene nanoplatelets [6][7][8]. The values of GF on the order of 100 or larger can be obtained in these systems, approaching and in some cases exceeding the value 200, which

• resin EC01 and filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) provided by Nanocyl with a purity grade >95% with an average diameter ≈10 nm and an average length of 1.5 μm. Further details on the nanocomposite fabrication are reported elsewhere [14][15]. The electric transport measurements have been

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• . A large variety of carbon materials have been investigated by XPS. In particular, XPS reveals important bonding information about carbons with nanoscale units such as carbon nanotubes [31], diamond-like carbon films [32], nanostructured carbon films [33], tetrahedral amorphous carbon films [34

• carbon (1.8–2.1 g·cm−3), carbon nanotubes (1.6 g cm−3) or diamond (3.515 g·cm−3) [40]. Various types of low-weight carbons have been reported in the literature, with densities typically between 100 and 300 mg·cm−3. Among these are carbon aerogels [41][42][43], amorphous carbon nanoparticles [44][45

The difference in the thermal conductivity of nanofluids measured by different methods and its rationalization

• Aparna Zagabathuni,
• Sudipto Ghosh and
• Shyamal Kumar Pabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2037–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.194

• Al2O3 nanoparticle loading and particle size. Lee et al. [25] have investigated the thermal conductivity of Al2O3, SiC, Ni, ZnO and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in liquid gallium using LFM. They reported that the thermal conductivity measured by LFM was not accurate because of the uncertainty

A dioxaborine cyanine dye as a photoluminescence probe for sensing carbon nanotubes

• Mohammed Al Araimi,
• Petro Lutsyk,
• Anatoly Verbitsky,
• Yuri Piryatinski,
• Mykola Shandura and
• Aleksey Rozhin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1991–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.190

• 10.3762/bjnano.7.190 Abstract The unique properties of carbon nanotubes have made them the material of choice for many current and future industrial applications. As a consequence of the increasing development of nanotechnology, carbon nanotubes show potential threat to health and environment. Therefore

• , development of efficient method for detection of carbon nanotubes is required. In this work, we have studied the interaction of indopentamethinedioxaborine dye (DOB-719) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) using absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. In the mixture of the dye and the SWNTs

• . Keywords: dioxaborine cyanine dye; photoluminescence; resonant energy transfer; sensor; single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs); Introduction Carbon nanotubes exhibit unique physical and chemical properties distinctive from other materials because of their extreme aspect ratio offering a number of exciting

Zigzag phosphorene nanoribbons: one-dimensional resonant channels in two-dimensional atomic crystals

• Carlos. J. Páez,
• Dario. A. Bahamon,
• Ana L. C. Pereira and
• Peter. A. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1983–1990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.189

• , showing stable structures either in 0D (fullerenes), 1D (carbon nanotubes) and 2D (graphene) consolidated this scenario in an exciting research field [4]. The isolation of strictly one atom thick layers in the first years of the present century opened a wider window for both basic physics and device

Development of adsorptive membranes by confinement of activated biochar into electrospun nanofibers

• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Mitra Naghdi,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• Emile Knystautas,
• Mausam Verma,
• Rao. Y. Surampalli and
• Jose. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1556–1563, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.149

• metallic ions, malachite green and methylene blue from water. Embedding carbonaceous materials, such as carbon nanotubes and graphene in NFMs has been investigated for different applications, such as glucose sensors, hydrogen storage and enzyme immobilization [18][19]. However, to the best of our knowledge

• our previous research, we observed that the adsorption capacity of activated pinewood biochar towards CTC was up to 434 mg/g, which is comparable with graphene oxide and carbon nanotubes [22]. However, in this research, due to the low loading of activated biochar onto membrane, the adsorption capacity

The effect of dry shear aligning of nanotube thin films on the photovoltaic performance of carbon nanotube–silicon solar cells

• Benedikt W. Stolz,
• Daniel D. Tune and
• Benjamin S. Flavel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1486–1491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.141

• photovoltaic performance of devices produced with and without dry shear aligning is compared. Keywords: absorbance; carbon nanotubes; current-voltage; dry shear aligning; order parameter; Introduction During the last decade or so, the potential benefits of using carbon nanotubes in solar cells has been

• as-prepared films of the same transmittance. Experimental Single walled carbon nanotubes (P2-SWNT, Carbon Solutions) were added to aqueous TritonX-100 (1% v/v, Sigma-Aldrich) at 0.1 mg mL−1 then bath sonicated (1 h). After centrifugation (20 000g, 20 min), the nanotube films were captured from the

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with a diameter less than 30 nm are less toxic than particles larger than 50 nm [6]. Nearly all current and future biomedical applications implicate intravascular transport of nanoparticles, thereby blood is the predominant carrier for nanoparticles and nanoparticle clusters