Electronic conduction during the formation stages of a single-molecule junction

• Atindra Nath Pal,
• Tal Klein,
• Ayelet Vilan and
• Oren Tal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1471–1477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.138

• of the step height and direction support a secondary conductance contribution via a conducting molecular junction and a dominant conductance contribution given by a neighboring single-atom junction. Using shot noise measurements, we can gain more reliable information about the distribution of

Electrostatically actuated encased cantilevers

• Benoit X. E. Desbiolles,
• Gabriela Furlan,
• Adam M. Schwartzberg,
• Paul D. Ashby and
• Dominik Ziegler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1381–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.130

• contrast to static deflection, resonant excitation benefits from the mechanical gain resulting in an amplification by the quality factor (Q). We use the modeled capacitance gradient C′ = −105 pF·m−1, and the measured dynamic stiffness (kdyn = 18.0 N·m−1) and Q = 50 found by the thermal method (see Figure

Chemistry for electron-induced nanofabrication

• Petra Swiderek,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1317–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.124

• deposits. Modeling by different types of simulations is also an important approach to gain a deeper understanding and hopefully better control over FEBID processes. The quality of a deposit depends not only on the chemical properties and processes mentioned so far but also on precursor adsorption states

Atomistic modeling of tribological properties of Pd and Al nanoparticles on a graphene surface

• Alexei Khomenko,
• Miroslav Zakharov,
• Denis Boyko and
• Bo N. J. Persson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1239–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.115

• Alexei Khomenko Miroslav Zakharov Denis Boyko Bo N. J. Persson Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine Peter Grünberg Institut-1, Forschungszentrum-Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.9.115 Abstract Background: The frictional properties of nanoparticles have been studied to gain

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

• Nor Fazila Khairudin,
• Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

• (synthetic gas) production and co-utilization of methane and carbon dioxide, which are the main greenhouse gases. Magnesium is commonly applied in a Ni-based catalyst in DRM to improve catalyst performance and inhibit carbon deposition. The aim of this review is to gain better insight into recent

A simple extension of the commonly used fitting equation for oscillatory structural forces in case of silica nanoparticle suspensions

• Sebastian Schön and
• Regine von Klitzing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1095–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.101

• independent of the starting point of the fit and of each other. Finally, these values equal the values obtained for A, ξ and λ obtained with the common equation at large separations. This demonstrates clearly that B and ξ2 can be kept constant to gain the positive effects on A, ξ1 and λ, as observed in Figure

• for the fitting. The trend for the gain in precision is not linear but seems to be strongest for λ, followed by A and ξ1, with the highest concentrated nanoparticle suspension showing the largest increase in precision. Generally, for suspensions with low concentrations, the precision of the fit

Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature

• Joseph C. Cremaldi and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85

• plants undergo secondary (widening) growth, the process is mainly associated with woody plants. Secondary growth refers to cell division to gain girth across a plant, for example, a tree getting larger each year. In trees, this growth mainly refers to the cork cambium tissue in the epidermis and the

Perfusion double-channel micropipette probes for oxygen flux mapping with single-cell resolution

• Yang Gao,
• Bin Li,
• Riju Singhal,
• Adam Fontecchio,
• Ben Pelleg,
• Zulfiya Orynbayeva,
• Yury Gogotsi and
• Gary Friedman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 850–860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.79

• , resulting in a linear gain of sensitivity with distance for a sensor whose sensitivity is proportional to its area. Effects of perfusion on oxygen consumption signaling One may expect that losing less molecules to the diffusion away from the sensor should increase the probe sensitivity. As shown in Figure 4

• that amplification occurs mostly below the Peclet number of 0.1, one finds that no significant signal gain should occur beyond the velocity vmax ≈ Pe·D/dd = (0.1 × 2000)/10 = 20 μm/s. This is in quantitative agreement with the velocity of maximal signal calculated by the FEM and shown in Figure 4. As

Dynamics and fragmentation mechanism of (C₅H₄CH₃)Pt(CH₃)₃ on SiO₂ surfaces

• Kaliappan Muthukumar,
• Harald O. Jeschke and
• Roser Valentí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 711–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.66

• factors in dictating the dissociation of precursors and the growth mechanism of deposits. Dynamics of the (C5H4CH3)Pt(CH3)3 precursor on SiO2 substrates To gain further insight on the growth process of Pt deposits, dynamics of (C5H4CH3)Pt(CH3)3 on both fully and partially hydroxylated surfaces were

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• area. Moreover, these results also show that the CTCN heterojunction is not simply a physical mixture of separate CT and g-C3N4 entities [49]. Optical properties study The band gap energy of a material is directly related to its light harvesting capability. To gain insight into the band structure of

• the photodegradation of the pollutant. The entire photocatalytic reaction mechanism under sunlight irradiation can be summarized as follows: To validate the proposed mechanism and to gain insight into the role played by active species, radical trapping experiments were performed for RhB degradation

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• used tips were calibrated according to Bruker’s recommendations. During imaging, the setpoint value was set at 10 ± 2 nN, the gain was kept constant between 20 and 25, and the Peakforce amplitude was set at 150. The results were analysed by both Nanoscope analysis software provide by Bruker and

Lyapunov estimation for high-speed demodulation in multifrequency atomic force microscopy

• David M. Harcombe,
• Michael G. Ruppert,
• Michael R. P. Ragazzon and
• Andrew J. Fleming

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 490–498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.47

• particular frequency is recovered by Filter description The Lyapunov filter [28] is implemented as a linear observer as shown in Figure 2. A key property of the filter is exponential convergence of the estimated states [29], with the tunable loop gain constant γ governing the speed of convergence. The filter

• -frequency system. The Kalman filter equations [24] can be shown to have a complexity of , while that of the Lyapunov filter is for n modeled frequencies. This stark difference in complexity arises from the computations required for the Kalman gain and covariance matrix update. Experimental setup A LIA

Kinetics of solvent supported tubule formation of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) wax on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) investigated by atomic force microscopy

• Sujit Kumar Dora,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Wilhelm Barthlott and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 468–481, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.45

• . We demonstrate how these different factors affect the tubule growth, in order to gain greater insight into those factors that can affect the tubule growth and which can subsequently be used to manipulate these wax structures on HOPG, e.g., in order to model specific superhydrophobic surfaces

• follows a similar pattern to that observed for the lower concentrations described above and the average time period of tubule "completion" is again ≈4 h. In turn, in order to gain insight whether a minimum amount of wax is needed for tubule formation we made also one test using a wax concentration of only

Anchoring of a dye precursor on NiO(001) studied by non-contact atomic force microscopy

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 242–249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.26

• distance (Figure 3b). Here, we show, that this technique can also be used at room temperature to gain detailed information at submolecular scale. Due to unstable scanning conditions over step edges and large corrugations of the surface at these specific spots, the multipass technique was successfully

Electrical properties of a liquid crystal dispersed in an electrospun cellulose acetate network

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Octavian Danila,
• Pedro L. Almeida and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 155–163, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.18

• . A He–Ne laser beam (wavelength 623.8 nm) passes through the sample, which is modulated by an ac voltage provided by a function generator–amplifier system. The laser beam is detected by a high-speed photodiode with adjustable gain (Thorlabs). The electrical signal generated by the photodiode was

Electron-driven and thermal chemistry during water-assisted purification of platinum nanomaterials generated by electron beam induced deposition

• Ziyan Warneke,
• Markus Rohdenburg,
• Jonas Warneke,
• Janina Kopyra and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 77–90, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.10

• reduction of MeCpPtMe3 in CVD processes assisted by H2 can be achieved just below 400 K [19]. We conclude that too little material is left at the surface to gain deeper insight in the purification process when only a single multilayer film of MeCpPtMe3 has been decomposed. We note that desorption of MeCpH

• catalytic chemistry on Pt complexes and/or Pt nanoparticles are also conceivable. However, further studies using, in particular, quantum chemistry are needed to gain more insight in such reactions as well as in the properties of reactive intermediates involved in precursor decomposition and deposit

Response under low-energy electron irradiation of a thin film of a potential copper precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition (FEBID)

• Leo Sala,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Céline Dablemont,
• Anne Lafosse and
• Lionel Amiaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 57–65, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.8

• same range [41]. Conclusion The present study is our first attempt to use surface science tools, usually dedicated to the study of low-energy electron induced processes, to gain insights on dissociation processes induced on potential precursors for FEBID. The HREEL spectroscopy allowed us to show that

Nematic liquid crystal alignment on subwavelength metal gratings

• Irina V. Kasyanova,
• Artur R. Geivandov,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Maxim V. Gorkunov and
• Serguei P. Palto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 42–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.6

• [12]. In order to gain a better understanding of the pretilt angle of the LC director at the grating surface, we have analyzed the transmittance spectra (Figure 4). These spectra are measured with respect to the reference squares using an Avantes AvaSpec-2048-USB2-UA optical fiber spectrometer mounted

Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy

• Weijie Zhang,
• Yuhang Chen,
• Xicheng Xia and
• Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2771–2780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.276

• may not be the same here. To gain insight into the influence of the laser spot position on the harmonic signals, we start with calculating the mode shape slopes of the second and third eigenmodes at specified positions along the cantilever. The dynamic oscillation is dominated by the differential

Beyond Moore’s technologies: operation principles of a superconductor alternative

• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Alexander L. Gudkov and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2689–2710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.269

• corresponding to quantization of magnetic flux leads to another issue, especially in digital SFQ circuits. Due to low gain from a Josephson junction, the circuits are featured by low fan-out. An SFQ has to propagate through a large and slow SFQ splitter tree to split information into multiple branches. The same

• utilizing their internal memory were named “MAGIC” (Memory And loGIC) circuits [90][93]. This concept is based on conventional ERSFQ cells involving their renaming or rewiring. It promises an increase in clock rate to above 100 GHz, combined with an up to ten-fold gain in functional density. In general, the

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• are overwhelmed by the PDMS features that are hundreds of nanometers thick. These features are indiscernible on flat PDMS without the application of patterned reference regions, i.e., regions that contain only PDMS adjacent to areas containing monolayers of Au–alkanethiolate complexes. To gain insight

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• nanoparticles to oxidize and loose stability in the inks; a dense ligand layer for example based on polymers may be a viable strategy, but there exists a tradeoff between the gain in stability and retaining high film conductivity at minimum sintering temperatures. Conjugated, conductive polymers as capping

Synthesis of [{AgO₂CCH₂OMe(PPh₃)}_n] and theoretical study of its use in focused electron beam induced deposition

• Jelena Tamuliene,
• Julian Noll,
• Peter Frenzel,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Alexander Jakob,
• Bernhard Walfort and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2615–2624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.262

• decomposition of 1, followed by an exothermic peak at 240 °C. In addition to TG/DTG and DSC measurements (Figure 2), TG–MS coupling experiments were carried out to gain a deeper insight into the thermal decomposition behavior of solid 1 (Figure 3). As it can be seen from Figure 3, the decomposition of 1 occurs

Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of difurylethene-based photochromic single-molecule junctions

• Youngsang Kim,
• Safa G. Bahoosh,
• Dmytro Sysoiev,
• Thomas Huhn,
• Fabian Pauly and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2606–2614, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.261

• motor and a differential screw. The low-bias conductance is measured by a sub-femtoamp source-meter (Keithley 6430) operating with an automatic variable gain pre-amplifier, while controlling the nanogap distance and thereby breaking and forming Au–Au contacts. In order to measure IET spectra, a DC bias

Localized growth of carbon nanotubes via lithographic fabrication of metallic deposits

• Fan Tu,
• Martin Drost,
• Imre Szenti,
• Janos Kiss,
• Zoltan Kónya and
• Hubertus Marbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2592–2605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.260

• a raveled, woven CNT. This proves that Fe deposits fabricated via EBID and AG from Fe(CO)5 in the UHV instrument are very suitable for localized CNT growth with high yield at predefined positions. Even though the results obtained in this experiment are a proof-of-principle, we certainly aim to gain