Poly(1-vinylimidazole) polyplexes as novel therapeutic gene carriers for lung cancer therapy

• Gayathri Kandasamy,
• Elena N. Danilovtseva,
• Vadim V. Annenkov and
• Uma Maheswari Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 354–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.26

• RNAse-free water and dried overnight. The samples were stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid solution (Merck, Germany) and imaged using high-resolution field-emission transmission electron microscopy (JEM2100F, JEOL, Japan). Differential scanning calorimetry: The melting point of the blank PVI

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• samples was observed by SEM (JSM-6701F, JEOL) at an accelerating voltage of 200 kV. TEM images and EDS mappings were recorded using a high-resolution TEM (JEOL JEM-2100) operated at an acceleration voltage of 200 kV. The pore size distribution, mean pore diameter, total pore volume and specific surface

Size effects of graphene nanoplatelets on the properties of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites: morphological, thermal, electrical, and mechanical characterization

• Tuba Evgin,
• Alpaslan Turgut,
• Georges Hamaoui,
• Zdenko Spitalsky,
• Nicolas Horny,
• Matej Micusik,
• Mihai Chirtoc,
• Mehmet Sarikanat and
• Maria Omastova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 167–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.14

• /G1 nanocomposite with 5.52 vol %, e) HDPE/G2 nanocomposite with 5.52 vol %, and f) HDPE/G3 nanocomposite with 5.52 vol %. XPS: a) survey and b) C 1s high-resolution spectra for G1, G2, and G3. a) FTIR spectrum and b) XRD pattern of the GnPs, pure HDPE, and HDPE/13.94 vol % GnP nanocomposites. Real

The effect of heat treatment on the morphology and mobility of Au nanoparticles

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Simon Vigonski,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Vahur Zadin,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 61–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.6

• were heated to 100 °C to remove excess water. An image was first taken in the high-resolution QNM mode to find the Au particles. Then, the operation mode was switched to tapping mode. The oscillation amplitude was kept constant with a feedback loop on, and the power dissipated during tapping was

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• thickness of the graphite layers Lc determined by X-ray diffraction measurements. Similar observation was made by Liu et al. for carbon spheres that were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of a sucrose solution and subsequently graphitized in the presence of nickel-oxide particles. High-resolution TEM

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• ZnFe2O4. In addition, the results of field-emission scanning electron microscopy and (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy indicated that the synthesized samples had the structure of hollow spheres distributed uniformly onto rGO nanosheets. The diameters of the spheres were determined as

• (FESEM, Hitachi S4800). The nanostructure of the products was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100). High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) elemental mappings were recorded using a field-emission transmission electron microscope (Tecnai G2 F30 S-TWIN, FEI

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• for the ultrasensitive detection of molecules [1][2][3][4]. Compared with traditional Raman scattering technology, SERS is a surface phenomenon associated with the amplification of Raman intensity by several orders of magnitude for analyte molecules. The high resolution results from the combination of

Abrupt elastic-to-plastic transition in pentagonal nanowires under bending

• Sergei Vlassov,
• Magnus Mets,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Jianjun Bian,
• Leonid Dorogin and
• Vahur Zadin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2468–2476, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.237

• obtained with a high-resolution scanning electron microscope (HR-SEM, Helios Nanolab 600, FEI) and transmission electron microscope (TEM, Tecnai GF20, FEI). The NWs were drop-cast on either TEM grids with lacey carbon (Agar, UK) for TEM characterization, or on glassy carbon and silicon wafers (100, n

Mobility of charge carriers in self-assembled monolayers

• Zhihua Fu,
• Tatjana Ladnorg,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Alexander Welle,
• Asif Bashir,
• Michael Rohwerder,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2449–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.235

• , were the –SH group was directly attached to the anthracene, yielding SAMs with the anthracene unit much closer to the surface [35]. The individual domains within the SAMs show three different orientations. From high-resolution data the determination of the unit cell (see drawn parallelogram with a

• is the resistance between two adjacent molecules. For larger islands, we use an expression established previously [29], where the total resistance Rnetw amounts to: with n being correlated to an island width via n = width/0.8 nm as obtained from unit cell dimensions in high-resolution STM images (see

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• temperature toluene and benzene sensor based on multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) decorated with gold nanoparticles and functionalised with a long-chain thiol self-assembled monolayer, 1-hexadecanethiol (HDT). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier transform infrared

• [20]. Figure 1 shows the synoptic structure of the sensor before and after the HDT deposition. HRTEM and FTIR characterisation The analysis of the quantity and distribution of the gold nanoparticles attached to the MWCNTs was undertaken with a high-resolution transmission electron microscope (JEOL

• characterisation Transmission electron microscopy characterisation In order to carry out high-resolution transmission electron microscope characterisation, MWCNTs were deposited onto a silicon substrate. Then, a sputtering process was conducted to deposit the Au nanoparticles. Afterwards, Au-decorated MWCNTs were

Integration of sharp silicon nitride tips into high-speed SU8 cantilevers in a batch fabrication process

• Nahid Hosseini,
• Matthias Neuenschwander,
• Oliver Peric,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Jonathan D. Adams and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2357–2363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.226

• ], high-resolution electrochemical and nanoelectrical imaging [7][8], Raman spectroscopy [9], nanoindentation [10], nanomechanical machining [11], plasmonic applications [12][13] and microscale grapping [14]. In parallel with the development of AFM cantilevers made out of traditional materials (e.g

A novel method to remove impulse noise from atomic force microscopy images based on Bayesian compressed sensing

• Yingxu Zhang,
• Yingzi Li,
• Zihang Song,
• Zhenyu Wang,
• Jianqiang Qian and
• Junen Yao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2346–2356, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.225

• nanoscience and nanotechnology, because it can be used to acquire high-resolution images of all kinds of samples in various environments. Nowadays, AFM is also used to acquire information about the physical properties of the samples [1]. The quality of the images is of fundamental importance for acquiring

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• designing materials that overcome the inherent defects of lithium–sulfur batteries. The high-resolution C 1s spectrum can be deconvoluted into four peaks, as shown in Figure 4f. The peak at 284.5 eV with high intensity indicates that most C atoms in the composites can be assigned to sp2-hybridized carbon

• spectra and high-resolution XPS spectra of (d) Mo 3d and (e) S 3d of pristine MoS2, C-MoS2/rGO and C-MoS2/rGO-6 composites, and (f) high-resolution XPS spectra of C 1s C-MoS2/rGO and C-MoS2/rGO-6 composites, respectively. (a) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) corresponding pore size distributions

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• the spherical silica. High-resolution TEM images display the lattice fringes characteristic of nanometer-sized CuFe2O4 over HYPS. The nanometer-sized parent spherical spheres were found to be interrelated with nanospinels ranging between 10 and 15 nm (Figure 4c and 4d). The measured interplanar

• distribution of (a) HYPS and (b) 30 wt% CuFe2O4/HYPS. FTIR spectra of HYPS and 30 wt % CuFe2O4/HYPS. Transmission electron microscopy of (a, b) 30 wt % CuFe2O4/HYPS at different scale magnifications and (c, d) high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images of CuFe2O4/HYPS. Vibrating sample magnetometer spectrum of 30 wt

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• . Figure 1f also shows that Ni1−xCoxS2 is composed of nano-sized ultrathin crystal grown side by side. Lattice fringe spacings of around 0.28 and 0.19 nm, which can be indexed to the (002) and (113) planes of nickel–cobalt sulfide, respectively, were measured by using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM, Figure 1g

• supported by aluminium SEM sample stages. Chemical composition and valence states of each element in the material are further confirmed by using XPS. The high-resolution XPS spectra confirm the existence of nickel, cobalt, and sulfur. After fitting the XPS with the Gaussian method, the HRXPS spectrum of Ni

• ; (b) FESEM images and (c) enlarged FESEM images of Ni1−xCoxS2 nanoparticles; (d–g) TEM, HRTEM and SAED pattern (inset) of the Ni1−xCoxS2 nanoflakes; (i–m) EDS elements maps of S, Ni, Co, O and C from the image (h). (a) EDS pattern of Ni1−xCoxS2 and high-resolution XPS spectra of (b) Ni 2p, (c) Co 2p

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• diamond with unique properties for use in ultra-sensitive, high-resolution magnetometry. One of the most interesting and challenging applications is nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (nano-MRI). While many review papers have covered other NV centers in diamond applications, there is no survey targeting

• allow for single-molecule resolution and extend the imaging techniques to molecular biology. Magnetic imaging is fundamental for exploring chemical–physical magnetic processes and expanding the capacity of magnetic data storage units, enabling high-resolution, real-time imaging beyond the limitations of

• allowed for in vivo imaging on the single-biomolecular scale at room temperature [12]. Other approaches not based on NV centers are evolving at the same pace as methods based on NV centers. For example, a new method for high-resolution nano-MRI coupling high spin sensitivity of nanowire-based MR detection

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• themselves with very high resolution would be useful together with radioactivity analysis. Cesium ion sensing using a film-type optode and nano-optode sensors would satisfy the former requirements. The optode sensors designed using nanoarchitectonic concepts incorporated a calix[6]arene derivative

Optimization and performance of nitrogen-doped carbon dots as a color conversion layer for white-LED applications

• Tugrul Guner,
• Hurriyet Yuce,
• Didem Tascioglu,
• Eren Simsek,
• Umut Savaci,
• Aziz Genc,
• Servet Turan and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2004–2013, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.197

• :Eu2+, was purchased from Zhuhai Hanbo (HB-640, Guangdong, China). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM; JEOL 2100F, operated at 200 kV) was employed to examine the morphology of the N-CDots. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies were performed using a Thermo Scientific K

• varying amounts of the PVP/N-CDot fibers. Supporting Information Section I – XPS full scan spectrum of nitrogen-doped CDots; high-resolution C 1s, N 1s, and O 1s XPS spectra of nitrogen-doped CDots; FTIR, absorption and PL spectra of N-CDots in solution; Section II – Response of the varying amount of N

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• agent offer a fast scan time (less than 2 min), low cost, and biocompatibility and allow for high-resolution imaging with ca. 150 Hounsfield units (HU). The Au-CPMV surface was further modified allowing for the incorporation of targeting molecules of specific cell types. Keywords: biomedical imaging

• become an extremely useful imaging tool. CT yields non-invasive, three-dimensional high-resolution images. CT contrast agents have evolved from iodinated molecules to complex nanoparticles. Au-CPMV particles are easy to synthesize while having control over the NPs size. In addition, the ability to tune

• stained cells and the binding of the particles. Scale bars: 100 μm. (A) High-resolution TEM image of Antibody-PEG5000AuCPMV; (B) elemental EDX map of gold; the signal is distributed almost uniformly on the same position as the electron-dense particles in (A); (C) sulfur from the linker attachment to the

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• within the coherent X-ray scattering region, and the size can be slightly different from the values obtained by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The TEM images of the nanoparticles are presented in Figure 2. The particle size distribution estimated from the high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) images is

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• (TEM) operating at 120 kV. High-resolution bright-field imaging was carried out with a FEI Titan TEM operating at 300 kV. Catalytic activity was obtained in the following manner: To 1.0 mL distilled water, 5 μL of fresh 10−2 M 4-nitrophenol solution and 0.5 mL of 50 μg/mL catalyst suspension was added

Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells

• Liang Xu,
• Dekang Xu,
• Ziying Li,
• Yu Gao and
• Haijun Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189

• (NMR) spectra were recorded on a Bruker 400 (1H, 400 MHz; 13C, 101 MHz) spectrometer. Chemical shifts are expressed in ppm, and J values are given in Hz. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) were obtained with a Thermo Fisher Scientific Exactive Plus mass spectrometer. Synthesis and characterization of

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• TEM. As shown in Figure 2d, Fe2O3 nanoparticles with a size of about 50 nm are distributed evenly on the CNTs. The high-resolution TEM image (Figure 2e) indicates an interplanar spacing of 0.295 nm, corresponding to the (220) plane of Fe2O3 (JCPDS Card No. 25-1402). The EDX spectrum confirms the

• -CNT@Fe2O3. (d) TEM image of Fe2O3 particles with a diameter of 50 nm on CNT. (e) High-resolution TEM image of Fe2O3 with an interplanar spacing of 0.295 nm, corresponding to the (220) plane of Fe2O3. (f) EDX spectrum of the CC-CNT@Fe2O3. (a) XRD pattern and (b) Raman spectra of CC-CNT and CC-CNT@Fe2O3

• ; (c) Fe 2p and (d) O 1s XPS spectra of CC-CNT@Fe2O3. Electrochemical performance of the CC-CNT@Fe2O3 electrode: (a) CV curves; (b) GCD curves; (c) capacity versus current density; (d) EIS curves. SEM images of (a) CC-CNT@NiO; (b) magnified CC-CNT@NiO. (c) TEM image of NiO particles on CNT; (d) high

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). The as-grown structures subsequently underwent rapid thermal annealing (550–900 °C for 1 min) in N2 ambient atmosphere. The structures were investigated using X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy together with spectral photocurrent

• incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Strain relaxation and its effect on the formation of NCs and the resulting interface integrity was studied and compared with structures having a thicker (ca. 200 nm) SiGe layer [23], deposited by radio

• -magnification image showing the contrast due to the shearing defects appearing in the SiGe crystallites, of a sample annealed at 600 °C for 1 min. (b) High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) image showing the lens-like shape of SiGe crystallites as a result of shearing defects. The arrows