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Search for "nanoscale" in Full Text gives 851 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

  • Haoran Ma and
  • Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

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  • are promising materials for microdevices, although corrosion and friction limit their effectiveness and durability. We investigated nanoscale friction on a metallic glass in corrosive solutions after different periods of immersion time using atomic force microscopy to elucidate the influence of
  • corrosion on nanoscale friction. The evolution of friction upon repeated scanning cycles on the corroded surfaces reveals a bilayer surface oxide film, of which the outer layer is removed by the scanning tip. The measurement of friction and adhesion allows one to compare the physicochemical processes of
  • surface dissolution at the interface of the two layers. The findings contribute to the understanding of mechanical contacts with metallic glasses under corrosive conditions by exploring the interrelation of microscopic corrosion mechanisms and nanoscale friction. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM
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Published 18 Feb 2022

Surfactant-free syntheses and pair distribution function analysis of osmium nanoparticles

  • Mikkel Juelsholt,
  • Jonathan Quinson,
  • Emil T. S. Kjær,
  • Baiyu Wang,
  • Rebecca Pittkowski,
  • Susan R. Cooper,
  • Tiffany L. Kinnibrugh,
  • Søren B. Simonsen,
  • Luise Theil Kuhn,
  • María Escudero-Escribano and
  • Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 230–235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.17

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  • extent of features in the PDFs, it can be concluded that the NPs are all smaller than 2 nm with an average crystallite size between 1 and 2 nm, which is in agreement with TEM and SAXS characterisation. On the nanoscale, metallic NPs can have different structures than those of bulk metals, and icosahedral
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Published 16 Feb 2022

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

  • Padmavati Sahare,
  • Paulina Govea Alvarez,
  • Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
  • Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
  • Samik Chakraborty,
  • Sujay Paul and
  • Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

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  • nanotubes , nanobelts, mesostructured, nanoflowers, including many more as displayed in the SEM image of Figure 1 [3]. Moreover, TiO2 has recently been approved for use in food and drug products by the American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [4]. The first clinical application of nanoscale TiO2 was
  • become superhydrophilic under UV light, function well as photosensitizer. Subsequently, another study established the use of nanoscale TiO2 as a redox coating of in implants [9]. Titanium and its alloys are considered the most promising materials for implants due to their superior properties, which
  • tissue, the material was covered with a nanoscale hydroxyapatite (nHA) coating and its efficacy was compared to the material without nHA coating. Interestingly, both materials showed antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, but the nHA-coated material was found to be more biocompatible [62
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Published 14 Feb 2022

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

  • Senuri Kumarage,
  • Imalka Munaweera and
  • Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

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  • microscale to nanoscale from stable fiber jets [39]. 3.2.4 Solution conductivity. The solution conductivity is one of the major parameters that determine the fiber diameter. In electrospinning, the extension of the fluid jet happens mainly due to the repulsions of the surface charges of the fluid jet
  • . Therefore, the presence of more charges in the fluid jet stretches the polymer into thin nanoscale fibers. Angammana and Jayaram have studied the influence of conductivity on the electrospinning process by adding NaCl salt to the electrospinning PEO/water system [40]. They have detected that the fiber
  • application as an oil–water separators, owing to the high surface porosity, submicrometer pore sizes, high permeability, and the ability to control the membrane hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity effortlessly. The nanoscale surface roughness of the nanofibers of the membrane has a direct impact on the wetting
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Published 31 Jan 2022

Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film

  • Rahil Hosseinifar,
  • Evangelos Golias,
  • Ivar Kumberg,
  • Quentin Guillet,
  • Karl Frischmuth,
  • Sangeeta Thakur,
  • Mario Fix,
  • Manfred Albrecht,
  • Florian Kronast and
  • Wolfgang Kuch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.5

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  • above and below the ferrimagnetic magnetization compensation temperature. Besides pulse-to-pulse variations in laser fluence, we identify two main mechanisms that can lead to non-deterministic switching on the nanoscale: (i) domain coarsening, that is, the reduction of domain-wall energy by avoiding
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Published 17 Jan 2022

Nanoscale friction and wear of a polymer coated with graphene

  • Robin Vacher and
  • Astrid S. de Wijn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 63–73, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.4

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  • Robin Vacher Astrid S. de Wijn Corrosion and tribology, SINTEF, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway Institutt for maskinteknikk og produksjon, NTNU, Richard Birkelands vei 2B, 7034 Trondheim, Norway 10.3762/bjnano.13.4 Abstract Friction and wear of polymers at the nanoscale is a
  • been studied on the nanoscale due to the added complexity of the polymer, the tribology of which, even without any coatings, is still not well understood [22][23]. In experiments, the tribology of polymer composite materials containing graphene has been studied with the goal of constructing a self
  • the nanoscale. We show that graphene protects the polymer substrate from wear and identify the mechanism of this protection. We show that crumpling of the graphene has an impact on the friction. In the next section we first describe the simulation setup. Then we move on to discussing our simulations
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Published 14 Jan 2022

Effect of lubricants on the rotational transmission between solid-state gears

  • Huang-Hsiang Lin,
  • Jonathan Heinze,
  • Alexander Croy,
  • Rafael Gutiérrez and
  • Gianaurelio Cuniberti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 54–62, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.3

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  • and wear. However, on the microscopic scale, it is not clear to what extent lubricants are beneficial. Therefore, in this study, we consider two diamond solid-state gears at the nanoscale immersed in different lubricant molecules and perform classical MD simulations to investigate the rotational
  • problem are carried out with fixed rotational speed for both gears. In this case, the gears will never be in contact with each other and only lubricant properties are calculated accordingly by the dynamical meshing at each time step. Moreover, as the system dimension approaches the nanoscale, the
  • situation becomes very different since a continuum description of the materials might not be sufficient. The development of the atomic force microscope (AFM) [19] and the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) [20][21] has allowed for visualization and manipulation of nanoscale gears [22]. Those gears can be
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Published 05 Jan 2022

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

  • Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
  • Adrien Chauvin and
  • Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

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  • methods are based on physical transformations of matter. These methods mainly operate with a “top-down” strategy where bulk materials are reduced in size, down to the nanoscale, via their interaction with photons, heat, or ions or via mechanical milling. Those methods are valuable as they are free from
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Published 04 Jan 2022

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

  • Kerstin Neuhaus,
  • Christina Schmidt,
  • Liudmila Fischer,
  • Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
  • Ke Ran,
  • Joachim Mayer and
  • Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

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  • nanoscale electrode, a constant voltage pulse was applied to the sample in order to achieve a local polarization with distinctly changed redox state and defect concentrations. In a subsequent mapping experiment, the AFM tip was used as Kelvin probe to scan the locally changed surface potential distribution
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Published 15 Dec 2021

Alteration of nanomechanical properties of pancreatic cancer cells through anticancer drug treatment revealed by atomic force microscopy

  • Xiaoteng Liang,
  • Shuai Liu,
  • Xiuchao Wang,
  • Dan Xia and
  • Qiang Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1372–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.101

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  • from measuring the alteration of cellular mechanics, which provides a guide for the innovation and development of anticancer drugs [11]. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has matured into a forceful nanoscale platform for imaging biological samples and quantifying biomechanical properties of living cells
  • under (almost) physiological conditions in situ. It offers nanoscale force sensitivity, the ability to work in liquid phases, and requires no staining [12][13][14]. With the development of AFM, researchers have been able to conduct extensive research on biological issues through imaging the
  • ultrastructure of living cells [15][16], cell membranes, membrane proteins [17][18] and DNA [19], and through recording single molecular force spectra [20][21]. However, the morphology and the nanoscale mechanical properties of malignant pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) under anticancer drug treatment have not
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Published 14 Dec 2021

Chemical vapor deposition of germanium-rich CrGex nanowires

  • Vladislav Dřínek,
  • Stanislav Tiagulskyi,
  • Roman Yatskiv,
  • Jan Grym,
  • Radek Fajgar,
  • Věra Jandová,
  • Martin Koštejn and
  • Jaroslav Kupčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1365–1371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.100

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  • /filled nanoscale cables suitable for medicinal magnetic transport. Experimental CrGex deposits were synthetized using CVD. In a custom-made twin furnace (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S12), chromium(III) acetylacetonate powder (Sigma-Aldrich, 99.99%) was heated to 110 °C and evaporated in the
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Published 07 Dec 2021

Enhancement of the piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF-TrFe/CoFe2O4 nanocomposites through DC magnetic poling

  • Marco Fortunato,
  • Alessio Tamburrano,
  • Maria Paola Bracciale,
  • Maria Laura Santarelli and
  • Maria Sabrina Sarto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1262–1270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.93

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  • piezoelectric coefficient was evaluated through piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), which is a very powerful technique to characterize the micro- and nanoscale piezoelectric response of piezoelectric materials [1][2][4][26][27]. Results and Discussion In order to understand whether the β phase fraction was
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Published 19 Nov 2021

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

  • Ruifei Wang,
  • Jin Chai,
  • Bobo Luo,
  • Xiong Liu,
  • Jianting Zhang,
  • Min Wu,
  • Mingdan Wei and
  • Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

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  • effective slip length. Finally, potential applications of nanofluidics with a tunable slip length are discussed and future directions related to slip boundary conditions for nanoscale flow systems are addressed. Keywords: boundary condition; interfacial properties; nanofluidics; slip length; unconventional
  • applied to solve problems associated with macroscopic flows [2][3][4][5]. However, in the field of fluid transport at the micro-/nanoscale, the problem is not that simple and a possible deviation from the classical hypothesis may take place, resulting in liquid slippage at solid surfaces [6][7][8][9]. In
  • the no-slip boundary condition is no longer valid. The slip length, a quantity that reflects the amount of slip at a given surface, can reach orders of magnitude of many microns [13]. The impetus to investigate flow boundary conditions, which are valid in nanoscale fluidic systems, lies in the
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Published 17 Nov 2021

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

  • Vishal Kamathe and
  • Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

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  • . 3D porous nanoscale hybrid SnO2/CuO foam sensors were prepared by Jeun et al. via electrochemical deposition followed by thermal oxidation [72]. These foam sensors were studied for H2S gas sensing. Figure 10a and Figure 10b show SEM images of the porous and 3D network structure of as-prepared Sn/Cu
  • at 250 °C. The study shows that the SnO2/CuO nanoscale hybrid foam sensor outperforms the porous 3D network structure, mainly due to larger surface area, the formation of p–n junctions, and the sulfurization of CuO on metallic conductors. The foam sensor also showed a response to 20 ppm of hydrogen
  • structures with numerous nanoscale needles. Figure 15a–d depicts SEM images of sample obtained after different reaction times and after using different concentration ratios of the precursors. Figure 15e–h illustrates sensitivity and response–recovery curves for ethanol and methanol. The 3D structures
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Published 09 Nov 2021

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF3)4

  • Alexey Prosvetov,
  • Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
  • Gennady Sushko and
  • Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

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  • deposition; irradiation-driven molecular dynamics; irradiation-induced chemistry; platinum nanostructures; reactive force fields; Introduction The controllable fabrication of nanostructures with nanoscale resolution remains a considerable scientific and technological challenge [1]. To address this challenge
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Published 13 Oct 2021

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

  • Huan Ren,
  • Lifang Wu,
  • Lina Tan,
  • Yanni Bao,
  • Yuchen Ma,
  • Yong Jin and
  • Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

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  • assemblies at the nanoscale. This component exhibits regular aggregate properties through hydrogen bonding and ion interaction, which are highly similar to those of amyloid components, suggesting that it may be associated with the etiology of amyloid-related diseases. Besides, the resulting structure is as
  • toxic to cells as other amyloid structures. Their subsequent study continued to demonstrate that other single amino acids and metabolites, including cystine, tyrosine, and adenine, also self-assemble to form elongated and fibrillar structures at the nanoscale [35]. Likewise, the characteristics of these
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Published 12 Oct 2021

Open-loop amplitude-modulation Kelvin probe force microscopy operated in single-pass PeakForce tapping mode

  • Gheorghe Stan and
  • Pradeep Namboodiri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.83

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  • probe force microscopy; open loop; surface potential; Introduction Over many years, an abundance of developments and applications has made Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) [1] one of the most versatile nanoscale surface electronic characterization techniques. With its main measurement in terms of
  • structures including metals [1], semiconductors [2][3][4], dielectrics [5][6][7], photovoltaics [8][9][10], polymers [11][12][13], ferroelectrics [14][15][16], and biological samples [17][18][19]. Technical descriptions and applications of KPFM methods for nanoscale material property characterizations are
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Published 06 Oct 2021

A new method for obtaining model-free viscoelastic material properties from atomic force microscopy experiments using discrete integral transform techniques

  • Berkin Uluutku,
  • Enrique A. López-Guerra and
  • Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1063–1077, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.79

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  • at the micro- and the nanoscale is commonly performed with the aid of force–distance relationships acquired using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The general strategy for existing methods is to fit the observed material behavior to specific viscoelastic models, such as generalized viscoelastic models
  • ; Introduction Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a prominent technique for investigating material properties at the micro- and the nanoscale [1][2][3], within which a wide variety of instruments, probes, and analysis techniques have been developed to attempt meaningful material property extraction [4][5][6][7][8
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Published 23 Sep 2021

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

  • Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
  • Norma J. Salazar-López,
  • Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
  • José R. Vega-Baudrit,
  • J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
  • Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
  • Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
  • Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
  • Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

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  • concentration, making it another important benefit of this nanoscale-based approach. However, it is also possible that the bioactive compound may be instead accumulated in other organs at the same time, not just in the brain. This less specific pharmacokinetic profile could be a disadvantage, since targeting
  • CUR-containing nanosystems that have enhanced therapeutic efficacy are discused. Nanocrystals, nanococrystals, and nanosuspensions. Nanocrystals are crystalline materials that contain the drug or molecule of interest at the nanoscale, with a size that can range from 10–1000 nm [45]. They can be
  • , on the other hand, are a combination of two different approaches that include cocrystal preparation and subsequently the nanonization of the obtained cocrystal [54]. The resulting material combines the advantages of cocrystals and nanoscale size to considerably increase solubility, dissolution rate
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Published 15 Sep 2021

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

  • Zahra Faraji Rad,
  • Philip D. Prewett and
  • Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

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  • organisms. In addition, highly porous silicon (>50%) with nanoscale pore channels in the range of 5–25 nm can be used as biocompatible containers for loading and release of drugs [39]. The porosity of the porous silicon particle determines the effectiveness of the drug loading with bigger pore sizes being
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Published 13 Sep 2021

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

  • Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
  • Bernd Wicklein and
  • Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

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  • and improvement. Hard carbon anodes A somewhat more conventional approach to Na metal-free anodes is the use of hard carbon, also termed non-graphitizable carbon [82][85]. These are disorganized carbon materials with turbostratic nanoscale domains produced by pyrolysis of biomass, also including
  • components that may include a large variety of nanoparticles and nanomaterials, often related to the use of graphene and other nanoscale carbon materials as components of the electrode materials. A few patents are also from Broadbit Batteries OY. In this case, applications related to electrical vehicles were
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Published 09 Sep 2021

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

  • Nabojit Das,
  • Akash Kumar and
  • Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

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  • variations and flexibility of tuning the size and shape of the metal nanoparticles at the nanoscale made them promising candidates for biomedical applications such as therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery. However, safety and risk assessment of the nanomaterials for clinical purposes are yet to be
  • utilizing safe nanomaterials for advanced biomedical and clinical applications. Keywords: anisotropic nanoparticles; carrageenan; cytotoxicity; eutectic solvents; surfactants; Review Introduction Plasmonic metals such as gold and silver, upon achieving nanoscale dimensions, exhibit unusual physicochemical
  • wetting, double layered structure, and hydrogen bonding is needed as it will allow chemists to controllably manipulate the nanoscale growth [91]. While, in-depth studies (experimental and computational) regarding these aspects are yet to come, several significant preliminary studies have been reported
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Published 18 Aug 2021

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

  • Olena M. Kapran,
  • Roman Morari,
  • Taras Golod,
  • Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
  • Vladimir Boian,
  • Andrei Prepelita,
  • Nikolay Klenov,
  • Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
  • Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

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  • states in micro- or nanoscale S/F devices are established. The situation is complicated by a variety of coexisting phenomena: (i) Both singlet and triplet currents with short- and long-range components can flow through S/F heterostructures [12]. Therefore, even a long-range supercurrent cannot be
  • ][9][10][11][12]. Therefore, utilization of this phenomenon for device applications requires accurate determination and control of the micromagnetic state of micro- or nanoscale devices. Similar control is needed for the operations of a large number of superconducting spintronics devices, including
  • memory elements and spin valves [22][29][34][39][40][41][42][43]. The need for establishing experimental characterization techniques for the in situ monitoring of magnetic states in S/F micro- and nanoscale devices is our main motivation. Here we study experimentally in-plane transport properties of
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Published 17 Aug 2021

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

  • Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
  • Lida Moradi,
  • Elmira Kohan,
  • Michael R. Hamblin and
  • Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

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Published 11 Aug 2021

Reducing molecular simulation time for AFM images based on super-resolution methods

  • Zhipeng Dou,
  • Jianqiang Qian,
  • Yingzi Li,
  • Rui Lin,
  • Jianhai Wang,
  • Peng Cheng and
  • Zeyu Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 775–785, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.61

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  • Zhipeng Dou Jianqiang Qian Yingzi Li Rui Lin Jianhai Wang Peng Cheng Zeyu Xu School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China 10.3762/bjnano.12.61 Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been an important tool for nanoscale imaging and characterization with atomic and subatomic
  • are key tools for nanoscale imaging and characterization with unparalleled resolution [1]. The first atomic-resolution image by AFM of the (001) surface of NaCl was reported in ultrahigh vacuum [2]. Later, in noncontact mode, the reconstructed silicon (111)-(7×7) surface was imaged with 6 Å lateral
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Published 29 Jul 2021
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