Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio, the size and surface chemistry are crucial factors in NP–cell interactions. Several studies on metallic NPs, carbon nanotubes, and dendrimers have shown that toxicity of different NPs is determined by a combination of these factors [25][26][27][28][29]. In this respect

New 2D graphene hybrid composites as an effective base element of optical nanodevices

• Olga E. Glukhova,
• Igor S. Nefedov,
• Alexander S. Shalin and
• Мichael М. Slepchenkov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1321–1327, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.125

• the hybrid nanocomposite were approximately equal for both metallic and semiconductor nanotubes. Keywords: absorption coefficient; 2D CNT–graphene hybrid nanocomposite; optical conductivity; optical nanodevices; topological models; Findings The applicability of graphene hybrid nanocomposites in the

• due to the influence of nanotubes. The appeared multiple peaks are characteristic for the conductivity spectrum of isolated individual CNTs. It should also be noted that the intensity of the maximum peak, observed at a frequency of 6 eV (206.6 nm) for pure free graphene, is reduced with the appearance

• of graphene ripple during the formation of the hybrid nanocomposite. As a result, the intensity of the peaks of the CNT–graphene film is higher than that of pure graphene and individual nanotubes (for details see Figure 6 in [14]). Special attention should be paid to the peak of great intensity

Chemistry for electron-induced nanofabrication

• Petra Swiderek,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1317–1320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.124

• force microscopy [32] as well as nanostructures fabricated by a combination of FEBID and autocatalytic growth processes and used as templates for the growth of carbon nanotubes [33]. In summary, the publications collected in the Thematic Series at hand document significant progress in the understanding

Formation mechanisms of boron oxide films fabricated by large-area electron beam-induced deposition of trimethyl borate

• Aiden A. Martin and
• Philip J. Depond

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1282–1287, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.120

• structural properties similar to those of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, Si(C2H5O)4), which has been well characterized as a precursor for EBID of silica films [14]. TMB has previously been used for boron doping of SiO2 [15] and diamond [16], and the deposition of BCN fibres [17], BN nanotubes [18] and BN

The electrical conductivity of CNT/graphene composites: a new method for accelerating transmission function calculations

• Olga E. Glukhova and
• Dmitriy S. Shmygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1254–1262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.117

• thousands of atoms. The verification of the proposed method is carried out by exemplarily calculating the electrical characteristics of graphene and graphane films. For the first time, we calculated the transmission function and electrical conductance of pillared graphene, composite film of carbon nanotubes

• single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). One of the advantages of this material is its high strength and resistance to mechanical stress [2][3][4]. In combination with high electrical capacity and efficient electronic transfer between graphene sheets, this nanomaterial has already been recognized as

• promising as an electrode for storage batteries and supercapacitors [5][6][7]. There remain many questions about the conductive properties of pillared graphene and their dependence on the length and diameter of the nanotubes. At the moment, there is no experimental data on the conductivity of pillared

Electrodeposition of reduced graphene oxide with chitosan based on the coordination deposition method

• Mingyang Liu,
• Yanjun Chen,
• Chaoran Qin,
• Zheng Zhang,
• Shuai Ma,
• Xiuru Cai,
• Xueqian Li and
• Yifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.111

• nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, manganese oxides nanoparticles, and carbon dots) on electrodes through codeposition with chitosan, which offers attractive applications in antimicrobial coatings, biosensors, microbial fuel cells, and energy storage materials [14][15][16][17][18]. Among the studies on the

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

• Nor Fazila Khairudin,
• Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

• removal by Khavarian et al. [69], who demonstrated carbon removal by active surface oxygen produced from CO2 dissociation over active metal particles supported by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Interestingly, the active sites of the catalyst were regenerated, and stable conversions were

Electrostatic force spectroscopy revealing the degree of reduction of individual graphene oxide sheets

• Yue Shen,
• Ying Wang,
• Yuan Zhou,
• Chunxi Hai,
• Jun Hu and
• Yi Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1146–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.106

• sheets [23], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [24] and so on. SPFM [25] and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) [26] have revealed a step-by-step reduction process in GO sheets. However, when the reduction reactions are completed, it is hard for these methods to identify the small difference between GO sheets

Room-temperature single-photon emitters in titanium dioxide optical defects

• Kelvin Chung,
• Yu H. Leung,
• Chap H. To,
• Aleksandra B. Djurišić and
• Snjezana Tomljenovic-Hanic

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1085–1094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.100

• ]. The defects are responsible for visible photoluminescence (PL) in TiO2 and have been observed in thin films [39][40][41], nanocrystals/nanoparticles [42][43][44][45][46][47], nanorods [48], nanotubes [49][50][51], nanosheets [52], nanoribbons [53] and fibres [54]. In material sciences, the PL spectrum

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• morphologies such as hollow tubes, ellipsoids or spheres. Fullerenes (C60), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon nanofibers, carbon black, graphene (Gr), and carbon onions are included under the carbon-based NMs category. Laser ablation, arc discharge, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are the important

• depends on the composition of the particulate mixture [94]. Recently, fine particulate matter, especially carbon nanotubes of anthropogenic origin, was found to be present in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluids from asthmatic Parisian children. The results showed that the presence of carbon nanotubes in

• cells can cause granulomatous reactions, oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to fibroplasia and neoplasia in lungs. The results also suggested that humans are routinely exposed to carbon nanotubes and showed that the outcome is similar to the vehicle exhaust samples collected in Paris, ambient

Single-crystalline FeCo nanoparticle-filled carbon nanotubes: synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties

• Rasha Ghunaim,
• Maik Scholz,
• Christine Damm,
• Bernd Rellinghaus,
• Rüdiger Klingeler,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Michael Mertig and
• Silke Hampel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1024–1034, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.95

• Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany Kurt-Schwabe-Institut für Mess- und Sensortechnik e.V. Meinsberg, 04736 Waldheim, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.9.95 Abstract In the present work, we demonstrate different synthesis procedures for filling carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with equimolar binary nanoparticles of the type Fe

• -filled CNTs show significant enhancement in the coercive field as compared to the corresponding bulk material, which make them excellent candidates for several applications such as magnetic storage devices. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; crystal structure; encapsulation; Fe–Co binary nanoparticles

• coatings, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been introduced as a protective shell due to their high stability in different chemical and physical environments such as acidic, basic, high temperature and pressurized conditions [33][34][35][36]. CNTs can also act as a template to control the size and morphology of

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• catalyst supports for nitric oxide (NO) removal through selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia are examined in this review. A number of carbon-based materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon (AC), and graphene (GR) and non-carbon-based materials, such as Zeolite Socony Mobil–5

• catalysts have been widely studied due to their high surface area, porosity, ability to regenerate and be reused, and good support properties [17]. Several metal oxides were impregnated with carbon-based materials such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated carbon (AC), activated carbon nanofibres (ACNFs

• materials are found suitable for use in most catalytic process applications. Although carbonious materials have traditionally been used as supports for catalysts in heterogeneous catalytic processes, they are becoming more familiar as catalysts of their own [63][64][65]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), activated

Single-step process to improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube yarn

• Maria Cecilia Evora,
• Xinyi Lu,
• Nitilaksha Hiremath,
• Nam-Goo Kang,
• Kunlun Hong,
• Roberto Uribe,
• Gajanan Bhat and
• Jimmy Mays

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 545–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.52

• electrical properties (Young’s modulus of 1 TPa, tensile strength above 100 GPa), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising materials for various advanced technologies, including CNT-reinforced polymer composites [1][2]. Although many investigations have been carried out with these materials, it still remains a

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• -45639, Iran 10.3762/bjnano.9.41 Abstract The orientation and arrangement engineering of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in composite structures is considered a challenging issue. In this regard, two groups of in situ and ex situ techniques have been developed. In the first, the arrangement is achieved during

• future outlook. Keywords: arrangement and alignment; carbon nanotubes; composite materials; orientation; Review Introduction Carbon is one of the most abundant elements comprising the world around us. Before 1985 graphite and diamond were the only known structural forms of carbon [1]. In 1991, Iijima

• the keywords: carbon nanotubes and CNT. Subject areas of papers published in the past 16 years on the topic of CNTs. The numbers were determined based on a Scopus search spanning from 2000 to 2016 using the keyword carbon nanotubes. SEM image of a CNT/polymer film. The oriented CNTs are indicated in

Dynamic behavior of nematic liquid crystal mixtures with quantum dots in electric fields

• Emil Petrescu,
• Cristina Cirtoaje and
• Octavian Danila

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 399–406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.39

• well as science and engineering, requires improved technologies and new materials. Materials science provides great opportunities to these technologies by synthesizing new nanoparticles that can be mixed with liquid crystals: carbon nanotubes [1][2][3], graphene, magnetic nanoparticles [4][5], gold

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• transfer occurred in a trans-well 2D system lacking cell contact [25]. The direct intercellular transfer of mortalin–QD655 between MSCs and breast cancer cells occurred through the formation of nanotubes or cell–cell fusion [26][27][28]. Similarly, it has been previously reported that QDs are actively

• transported between cardiac myocytes using membrane nanotubes [29]. In our study, we demonstrate that MSCs efficiently uptake QDs in serum-free conditions and then excrete the QDs, which then accumulate in MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 breast cancer cell lines in the 3D co-culture (Figure 3C,D). Noteworthy is that the

Review: Electrostatically actuated nanobeam-based nanoelectromechanical switches – materials solutions and operational conditions

• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Jelena Kosmaca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Jana Andzane and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 271–300, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.29

• nanostructures (e.g., thin films [5][6][7], nanobundles [8], nanowires [9][10][11][12][13][14], nanotubes [15][16]) fabricated from different materials (e.g., metals [17][18][19], semiconductors [9][10][20][21][22][23], carbon allotropes, including graphene [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] and carbon nanotubes

• nanostructures (nanowires, nanotubes, nanorods, graphene) with a good uniformity and desired properties. The microfabrication routine may be supplemented with some bottom-up approaches. Dielectrophoresis [33], controlled nanomaterial growth [34], and nanomanipulation [9] have been demonstrated as useful methods

• change of the chemical composition of the contacting materials. Electrical-current-induced thermal effects have been studied in various one-dimensional nanostructures such as Si [92], Ge [10][54], carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [93][94][95], GaN [96][97] and ZnTe [98]. The evolution of a nanocontact between a

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• ], multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) [4] and hollow carbon microspheres [5]) and electrically conductive polymeric materials (e.g., polyaniline [6], polypyrrole [7] and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) [8]) have been considerably used to encapsulate sulfur or polysulfide. Recently, polar metal oxide/sulfide

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• only improve the colloidal stability of Ag NPs but also improve their antibacterial characteristics. A wide range of materials, such as graphene oxide [30][31], carbon nanotubes [32], SiO2 [33], Fe3O4 [34], ZnO [35], CuO [36], TiO2 [37] and others, have been tested as the supports for Ag NPs. Compared

Dynamic behavior of a nematic liquid crystal with added carbon nanotubes in an electric field

• Emil Petrescu and
• Cristina Cirtoaje

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 233–241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.25

• Emil Petrescu Cristina Cirtoaje University Politehnica of Bucharest, Department of Physics, Splaiul Independenţei 313, 060042, Bucharest, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.9.25 Abstract The dynamic behavior of a nematic liquid crystal with added carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in an electric field was analyzed. A

• theoretical model based on elastic continuum theory was developed and the relaxation times of nematic liquid crystals with CNTs were evaluated. Experiments made with single-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in nematic 4-cyano-4’-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) indicated a significant difference of the relaxation time

• : Fréedericksz transition, nanotubes; Introduction The increased interest for nanomaterials in different domains such as chemistry, medicine or engineering, makes their characterization quite necessary. This might be the reason why there are so many research papers presenting new materials and new experiments

Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering

• Baeckkyoung Sung and
• Min-Ho Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22

• electronics during the last decades. Technological breakthroughs can be achieved by introducing stimuli-responsivity or intelligence into the conventional LC biomaterials [114]. Hybridization with functional nanomaterials (e.g., stimuli-sensitive polymers, magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and graphene

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• nanotubes (CNT) were recorded over a wide frequency and temperature range of 10−1 to 107 Hz and 293–338 K, respectively. The values of the activation energy were found in the range of 0.46–0.61 eV; the characteristic time was obtained by fitting the spectra of the dielectric loss with the Havriliak–Negami

• low frequencies confirm the presence of EP. Keywords: activation energy; carbon nanotubes; dielectric spectroscopy; ionic liquid crystal; relaxation time; Introduction Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) represent a very appealing class of materials that has found various recent applications in dye

• melting and clearing points. Hence, there is the interest to design such materials for further electro-optical applications [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanoparticles were also dispersed in LCs [33][34][35][36]. It is well-known that the order of the LCs can be

Dopant-stimulated growth of GaN nanotube-like nanostructures on Si(111) by molecular beam epitaxy

• Alexey D. Bolshakov,
• Alexey M. Mozharov,
• Georgiy A. Sapunov,
• Igor V. Shtrom,
• Nickolay V. Sibirev,
• Vladimir V. Fedorov,
• Evgeniy V. Ubyivovk,
• Maria Tchernycheva,
• George E. Cirlin and
• Ivan S. Mukhin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 146–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.17

• concentration in the nanostructures exceeds 5∙1019 cm−3. Keywords: A3B5 on Si; epitaxy; GaN; MBE; nanowires; nanotubes; nanotube-like nanostructures; Si; Introduction Gallium nitride quasi-one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanowires (NWs) and nanotubes (NTs) synthesized by means of plasma-assisted

• synthesized nanotubes. The scale bar is 100 nm. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the synthesized GaN nanostructures. a) Nanotube growth schematics and b) model nanotube cross-section. Parameters of the samples analyzed with photoluminescence. The 2D doping level is the doping level for planar GaAs grown with

Atomic layer deposition and properties of ZrO₂/Fe₂O₃ thin films

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Helina Seemen,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Mihkel Rähn,
• Aile Tamm,
• Kaupo Kukli,
• Aarne Kasikov,
• Joosep Link,
• Raivo Stern,
• Salvador Dueñas,
• Helena Castán and
• Héctor García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 119–128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.14

• ][16] has been studied as well. Phase stabilization of ZrO2 by Fe doping was investigated by using ALD [17]. Ferromagnetism in ALD-grown Fe3O4/ZrO2/Fe3O4 multilayer nanotubes has been demonstrated [18], while the precursors for distinct solid oxide layers constituting these samples were ferrocene/ozone

Advances in nanocarbon composite materials

• Sharali Malik,
• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov and
• Silvia Marchesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 20–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.3

• energy, and generally, to improve the quality of our lives. Since the discovery of fullerenes over thirty years ago, there has been increasing research in the area of nanocarbon materials. Research in this field was boosted first by the discovery of carbon nanotubes and then by the advent of graphene and

• , Moldova, Korea, China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. This Thematic Series highlights virtually all subfields of advanced nanocarbon materials research, from the longer established fields of carbon nanofibers, graphene oxide (GO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in composite materials, to the