Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• , Supporting Information File 1) [30][34]. Furthermore, a change in the relative intensity of the main halloysite reflections is observed as a typical consequence of a preferential in-plane orientation of the nanotubes in the film architecture (Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1) [46]. The mechanical

On the relaxation time of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles and implications for magnetic fluid hyperthermia

• Andrei Kuncser,
• Nicusor Iacob and
• Victor E. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1280–1289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.127

• . An improved model for the magnetic relaxation was performed by Brown who supposed that the orientation of the particle macrospin may be described by the Gilbert equation. Accordingly, the relaxation time was introduced as a specific parameter in a Fokker–Planck-type equation devoted to the

• probability density of orientation [28]. Brown derived different formula for the relaxation time (in different approximations for the ΔE/kT ratio) which were further refined by Aharoni [29]. However, their form did not significantly differ from Equation 2, the only difference being in the expression of the

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• weaker and red-shifted to 1305 cm−1. Moreover, two new bands at 1382 and 1422 cm−1 attributed to the ring breathing vibrations of the thymine moiety of thymidine raised. These spectral features, which depend on the specific molecular orientation of the analyte on the silver surface, indicate the

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• a planar orientation on the surface. We discuss the influence of intermolecular charge transfer on the ordering in the mixed structure. Keywords: charge transfer; low-energy electron diffraction; hexathiapentacene; scanning tunneling microscopy; tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane; Introduction

• properties of this and all other unit cells discussed in this paper. The orientation of the molecule within the unit cell, however, could not be obtained by geometric considerations alone, because the cell shape is compatible with orienting the molecules either along its short or long diagonal. The hard

• density of states is present. Their arrangement reveals that the orientation of the molecules is very close to the direction of the long diagonal of the unit cell. The hard-sphere model in Figure 2b, derived from LEED, indicates an included angle of about 1.5°. The alignment of the diagonal of the unit

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• % Sr in the precursor) nanotube showing 1.157 nm periodicity along the c-axis. b) Selected area electron diffraction showing the orientation relationship between LaS layers (green) and TaS2 layers (red). The nanotube axis is shown as a pink arrow and the basal reflections are marked with blue arrows

• , (e) Sr and (f) S. (a–c). HAADF-STEM images of a SrxLa1−xS–TaS2 (with Sr 60 atom % in the precursor) nanotube showing multiple orientation of TaS2 layers and SrxLa1−xS double layers. Raman spectra of SrxLa1−xS–TaS2 nanotubes with different Sr content. Additionally, the reference Raman spectrum is

Influence of dielectric layer thickness and roughness on topographic effects in magnetic force microscopy

• Alexander Krivcov,
• Jasmin Ehrler,
• Marc Fuhrmann,
• Tanja Junkers and
• Hildegard Möbius

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.106

• paper to remove offset and slope of the measured data. The SPIONs with 10 ± 2 nm diameter with oleic acid as stabilizing ligand were used as received (Merck). A single-crystal silicon substrate with <100> orientation (Siegert Wafer) was cut in 2 cm2 squares. The dielectric layers were spin-coated on

Revisiting semicontinuous silver films as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates

• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Małgorzata Norek,
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz and
• Piotr Nyga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1048–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.105

• dielectric constant of the metal, surrounding dielectric, shape and size of the nanostructure, and its orientation with respect to the electric component of the electromagnetic field [1][2]. At resonance, the electric field near the surface of metallic nanostructures can be greatly enhanced and localized in

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• . Several models for adsorption of surfactants on solid/aqueous interfaces have been proposed but the most widely accepted one for the cationic surfactants is the four-step or reverse orientation model [40]. Briefly, according to that model, the adsorption of surfactants is governed by electrostatic and

Experimental study of an evanescent-field biosensor based on 1D photonic bandgap structures

• Jad Sabek,
• Francisco Javier Díaz-Fernández,
• Luis Torrijos-Morán,
• Zeneida Díaz-Betancor,
• Ángel Maquieira,
• María-José Bañuls,
• Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 967–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.97

• to bovine serum albumin (BSA) using a UV-induced immobilization procedure. The use of half-antibodies allows one to reduce the thickness of the biorecognition volume down to ca. 2.5 nm, thus leading to a higher interaction with the evanescent field, as well as a proper orientation of their binding

• distance between the sensor surface and the recognition sites, and provides a proper orientation of these recognition sites. This biofunctionalization process, as well as the protocol for obtaining the half-antibodies, was previously described in [9][10], where the light-assisted immobilization of the half

Nanoscale optical and structural characterisation of silk

• Meguya Ryu,
• Reo Honda,
• Adrian Cernescu,
• Arturas Vailionis,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
• Jing-Liang Li,
• Denver P. Linklater,
• Elena P. Ivanova,
• Vygantas Mizeikis,
• Mark J. Tobin,
• Junko Morikawa and
• Saulius Juodkazis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 922–929, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.93

• crystalline building blocks of silk. Nanoscale optical and structural properties of silk have been measured from 100 nm thick longitudinal slices of silk fibers with ca. 10 nm resolution, the highest so far. Optical sub-wavelength resolution in hyperspectral mapping of absorbance and molecular orientation

• orientation and alignment of crystalline microvolumes, it is important to characterise structure at the highest lateral and longitudinal resolutions [6][7]. Anderson localisation of light and thermal cooling of silk at IR wavelengths was recently demonstrated to be related to the fibril substructure of silk

• orientation dependency of the birefringence Δn and dichroism Δκ, define the optical response of a material. The reflectance R is proportional to the real part, while the absorbance A corresponds to the imaginary part of . Recently, we demonstrated that the IR measurements of silk performed using three

Magnetic field-assisted assembly of iron oxide mesocrystals: a matter of nanoparticle shape and magnetic anisotropy

• Julian J. Brunner,
• Marina Krumova,
• Helmut Cölfen and
• Elena V. Sturm (née Rosseeva)

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 894–900, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.90

• driven by competing of two types of anisotropic interactions caused by particle shape (i.e., faceting) and orientation of the magnetic moment (i.e., easy axes: <111>magnetite). Hence, these findings provide a fundamental understanding of formation mechanisms and structuring of mesocrystals built up from

• (Figure 3a, inset) or c2mm (Figure 3c, inset) plane groups. The ED patterns (Figure 3b,d) indicate the preferred crystallographic orientation of the nanocrystals within the superlattice, which is necessary to classify the directed colloidal crystals as mesocrystals (type I) [13][19]. However, the

• magnetite nanocrystals: [001]SL || [310]magnetite, [001]SL || [301]magnetite, [001]SL || [100]magnetite (the presence of [114]magnetite orientation cannot be excluded since most reflections are overlapped with [310]magnetite and [301]magnetite). Thus, it was highlighted that the morphology of the magnetite

Fabrication of silver nanoisland films by pulsed laser deposition for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Bogusław Budner,
• Mariusz Kuźma,
• Barbara Nasiłowska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 882–893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.89

• numbers of laser pulses and a substrate temperature of 340 ± 3 °C. Experimental Deposition of nanostructured layers of silver Silver nanoisland films were fabricated on an n-type doped silicon substrate with orientation <100> and dimension 10.0 × 10.0 × 0.5 mm. The SNIFs were prepared by using pulse laser

Periodic Co/Nb pseudo spin valve for cryogenic memory

• Nikolay Klenov,
• Yury Khaydukov,
• Sergey Bakurskiy,
• Roman Morari,
• Igor Soloviev,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Thomas Keller,
• Mikhail Kupriyanov,
• Anatoli Sidorenko and
• Bernhard Keimer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 833–839, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.83

• effective exchange energy due to its renormalization [21][22]. Moreover, for the AP orientation of the magnetization vectors of the F layers, an additional mechanism arises for the renormalization of the effective exchange energy, which leads to its further decrease [23][24][25]. To confirm these statements

• product of the pair potential amplitude of the s banks, one may estimate that the ratio of IC for AP orientation and P orientations is of the order of (δAP/δP)2 ≈ 25. From Figure 2b it follows that this enhancement depends on the ratio ds/ξS and is maximal in the vicinity of ds = ξS. Realization of the

• proposed S/[F1/s/F2/s]n/F1/S Josephson devices requires the development of a technology for manufacturing of multilayer structures that satisfy the following conditions: (a) presence of superconductivity in the s layers with TC 4.2 K, (b) in plane orientation of the magnetization vector in the F films

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

• Loji K. Thomas and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

• superlattices on graphite by imaging a live transition from one superlattice to another with concurrent and direct measurement of the orientation angle before and after rotation using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). This has been possible due to a fortuitous observation of a superlattice on a nanometer

• pyrolytic graphite with a high degree of crystallographic orientation of the c-axis. Polycrystalline HOPG consists of micrometer-sized grains and has been widely used as a substrate in STM studies [1][2][3] due to its high conductivity, atomic flatness and chemical inertness [4]. The surface also contains

• the lattice constant, which is 0.246 nm for the graphite lattice [23]. Once θ is found, the orientation Ф of the superlattice relative to that of underlying atomic lattice can be found using The observed superlattice periodicities, corrugation amplitudes and the dependence on bias voltages have been

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• . Moreover, the crystallinity and crystallite orientation could be tuned, ranging from a powder-like to a (100) preferential growth in the out-of-plane direction, as measured by synchrotron-radiation grazing incidence XRD. Calcination temperature ranges were identified in which pore formation and subsequent

• represented in the scattering vector (qz) notation, where qz = 4π·sin(θ)/λ. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) was performed to investigate the in-plane orientation of the crystallites, that is, with the crystallographic planes perpendicular to the substrate. The measurements were conducted at the

• fewer defects. In contrast, the layers deposited at long plasma exposure times, having a very low C-content, did not develop sufficient amounts of new ZnO to affect the Zn-OH/Ov component. X-ray diffraction As mentioned before, the preferential orientation of ZnO is paramount when a specific application

Features and advantages of flexible silicon nanowires for SERS applications

• Hrvoje Gebavi,
• Vlatko Gašparić,
• Dubravko Risović,
• Nikola Baran,
• Paweł Henryk Albrycht and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 725–734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.72

• ]. In short, Si wafers (<100> orientation, 5–10 Ω·cm resistivity, p-type) were cleaned following the standard RCA (Radio Corporation of America) cleaning processes [24], followed by Au sputtering in a Polaron E5000 sputter coater at ca. 5·10−4 mbar work pressure. Prior to VLS synthesis, annealing in

• temperature and thickness were reported in [26]. 4-MPBA was chosen as a SERS test molecule because of the strong affinity between the thiol group and metal surfaces (Ag or Au) as well as because of the easy formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) [27]. Furthermore, the benzene ring is orientation

• weak metal affinity was facilitated through the surface immobilization via 4-MPBA [30][31]. The 4-MPBA reporter features are predominantly based on re-orientation i.e. binding of the analyte via the boronic acid group causing a symmetry breaking and activation of the charge transfer mechanism which

The effect of translation on the binding energy for transition-metal porphyrines adsorbed on Ag(111) surface

• Luiza Buimaga-Iarinca and
• Cristian Morari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 706–717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.70

• theoretical [24][25][26] attention. Among the coinage metals typically used for applications, Ag(111) has attracted particular interest [27][28][29]. A complex behavior of the porphyrins on this surface was shown. Parallel orientation with respect to the surface is preferred for sub-monolayer coverage, while

• multilayer coverage leads to a tilted orientation [27]. At 0.88 ML coverage the presence of ordered structures was distinct with reactive internal coupling occurring at 573 K [30][31]. It is believed that the metal center has typically only little influence on the self-assembly structures formed by TMPPs

• the effect of the surface, since the data in Figure 5 are computed for the bridge orientation (i.e., the most stable from the energetic point of view). Let us investigate the Voronoi populations for the transition metals in free and/or adsorbed molecules. The results in Table 2 show that the

Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• from that described in Figure 4D where these molecules adsorb in the form of hemicylindrical micelles, also modeled in Figure 6D. Nevertheless, the orientation of upper and lower stripes is similar. The CTAB molecule has a length of 1.5–2 nm [53][57][58]. This agrees well with the diameter of spherical

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• available surface area per unit charge of ≈24 Å2, a value close to that required by histidine in a parallel orientation (≈26–29 Å2/e−). This interlayer arrangement suggests an important confinement of histidine molecules between LDH layers. This may explain the presence of co-intercalated nitrate ions

• (Figure 3). A parallel orientation similar to histidine would require a surface area per unit charge of ≈35 Å2, which is too high compared to the charge density of Mg2Al host layers, thus supporting the perpendicular orientation. Actually, phenylalanine molecules are likely to be oriented in an inclined

A carrier velocity model for electrical detection of gas molecules

• Ali Hosseingholi Pourasl,
• Sharifah Hafizah Syed Ariffin,
• Mohammad Taghi Ahmadi,
• Razali Ismail and
• Niayesh Gharaei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 644–653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.64

• ) unit cell. Carrier velocity versus carrier concentration in armchair graphene nanoribbon (AGNR). Illustration of the gas sensor with the 8-AGNR FET platform. The structure consists of the left and right electrode and the channel region in the middle with a metal back gate. Orientation of CO and NO gas

Coexisting spin and Rabi oscillations at intermediate time regimes in electron transport through a photon cavity

• Vidar Gudmundsson,
• Hallmann Gestsson,
• Nzar Rauf Abdullah,
• Chi-Shung Tang,
• Andrei Manolescu and
• Valeriu Moldoveanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 606–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.61

• the intermediate and transient regime coexist with slower non-equilibrium fluctuations in the occupation of states for opposite spin orientation. The interdot Rabi oscillation induces charge oscillations across the system and a phase difference between the transient source and drain currents. We point

Quantification and coupling of the electromagnetic and chemical contributions in surface-enhanced Raman scattering

• Yarong Su,
• Yuanzhen Shi,
• Ping Wang,
• Jinglei Du,
• Markus B. Raschke and
• Lin Pang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 549–556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.56

• spectral variations are found to be sensitive to the electronic structures of the metal–molecule hybrid state. The calculated electronic excitation spectra of different complexes are quite dissimilar, which is related to the relative orientation of the benzene ring with respect to the cluster, the local

• molecule–metal complex, which includes the relative orientation of the molecule with respect to the metal cluster, the local symmetry of molecule, and the proximity of the particular vibrational mode to the binding site all contribute to SERS. Besides, specific properties of the Raman response are strongly

Polymorphic self-assembly of pyrazine-based tectons at the solution–solid interface

• Achintya Jana,
• Puneet Mishra and
• Neeladri Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 494–499, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.50

• lattice parameters as well as the number, type, and orientation of molecules within a unit cell. In general, the STM experiments conducted under ambient conditions are prone to thermal drift and suffer from piezo creep and hysteresis. To overcome this limitation, the acquired STM images were corrected by

• nearly equal probability. On a fully covered surface region, the relative area for polymorph I was determined to be (52 ± 8)%. Furthermore, several rotational domains for each packing structure were observed on the surface. In order to reveal the precise orientation and ordering of molecules in the

• nitrogen (N1) atoms apparently contribute to the intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions. Our proposed packing structure is depicted in Figure 3d. Here, due to the rotated orientation of the molecules, additional hydrogen-bonding sites arising from the nitrogen atoms in the pyrazine ring become

Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic electronic devices

• Marwa Mokni,
• Gianluigi Maggioni,
• Abdelkader Kahouli,
• Sara M. Carturan,
• Walter Raniero and
• Alain Sylvestre

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 428–441, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.42

• unit cell with dimensions: a = 5.96 Å, b = 12.69 Å, c = 6.66 Å, β = 135.28° [57]), thus highlighting the strong preferred orientation of the parylene nanocrystalline domains in this sample. When the plasma is switched on, we observe that the (020) peak becomes less intense in spite of the higher

• , consisting in a lower preferred orientation and a higher amount of randomly oriented nanocrystalline domains. It is inferred that this evolution is mainly an effect of the plasma, while Ag incorporation plays only a minor role. When silver deposition is enabled (open shutter), peaks of Ag-containing

• in the plasma-deposited samples, as already pointed out by the XRD analysis, consisting in a decrease of the preferred orientation of parylene nanocrystallites. As a matter of fact, the surrounding chemical environment of any molecule affects the IR activity of its vibrational modes (i.e., the

Integration of LaMnO_3+δ films on platinized silicon substrates for resistive switching applications by PI-MOCVD

• Raquel Rodriguez-Lamas,
• Dolors Pla,
• Odette Chaix-Pluchery,
• Benjamin Meunier,
• Fabrice Wilhelm,
• Andrei Rogalev,
• Laetitia Rapenne,
• Xavier Mescot,
• Quentin Rafhay,
• Hervé Roussel,
• Michel Boudard,
• Carmen Jiménez and
• Mónica Burriel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 389–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.38

• representative LMO films deposited by the three strategies are shown in Figure 5. All diffraction peaks can be attributed to the polycrystalline LMO perovskite phase without any clear preferential orientation and no impurities. Therefore, pure LMO can be obtained through all three deposition strategies