Tailoring Ag–Pt nanoalloys through solid-state dewetting: structural and optical insights

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Piotr Okoczuk,
• Blaž Grobiša,
• Ewa Pawlikowska,
• Amelia Rozwadowska,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 748–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.52

• to its high gas-absorption capacity, making it highly relevant for catalytic applications. According to phase diagrams, bulk Ag–Pt bimetallic systems exhibit a large miscibility gap at temperatures below approximately 1190 °C, allowing alloy formation only at very high atomic concentrations of either

• from the intrinsic electronic properties of platinum, whose Fermi level lies close to partially filled d-states. These d-electron transitions strongly enhance interband absorption, leading to damping of interband sp excitations and broadening of the resonance band. In consequence, it causes an increase

• macroscale. This is particularly important when considering potential applications of such nanoalloys, for instance, in catalysis or nanosensing. The Ag–Pt system is particularly noteworthy because of its high gas absorption capacity, making it highly relevant for catalytic applications. In this study, a

Environmental applications of silver nanoparticles: state-of-the-art review and emerging trends

• Soni Prajapati,
• Akash Kumar and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 697–736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.49

• convenient technique for monitoring the formation of AgNPs via size- and shape-dependent absorption bands arising from LSPR upon light excitation [50]. This study also highlighted that small spherical AgNPs were highly antibacterial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli compared to larger and

• surface functionalization with molecules of interest. However, two separate cuvettes were used for the measurement, and the absorption coefficient (k = 3.99) and refractive index (n = 0.135) of AgNPs need to be added. In addition, a similar principle was employed by the nanoparticle tracking analyser

• technique can detect environmental contaminants using AgNPs as the probe. The ICPMS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) and AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ) were used to measure unknown metal (Ag) content by plotting linear curves using the known Ag standard [49]. Electrochemical techniques

Molecular engineering of individual dye-based nanoparticle photostability for ultrabright two-photon fluorescence

• Eleonore Kurek,
• Sasha Cooper,
• Alexandre Clausolles,
• Karen Perronet,
• Jonathan Daniel,
• Mireille Blanchard-Desce and
• François Marquier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 688–696, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.48

• nanoparticles allowed for an estimation of their two-photon absorption cross sections, which were found to be consistent with ensemble values when taking into account a local-field correction. Time-resolved experiments further revealed that nanoparticles with the highest absorption cross section photobleach

• significantly faster, confirming the trade-off between absorption efficiency and photostability. These results demonstrate that the photophysical behavior of dFONs can be rationally engineered at the molecular level and provide design principles for the development of optimized organic nanoparticles for

• hydrophobic dye molecules. Their most notable asset is their exceptional brightness, which is the product of their one- or two-photon absorption cross sections, their fluorescence quantum yield, and the number of dye molecules per nanoparticle [1]. Thanks to the ultimate confinement of a large number of dye

Decontamination from water pollutants and pathogens by electrospun nanofibers doped with heavy-atom-free borafluorene-BODIPY photosensitizers

• Angelika Zaszczyńska,
• Paulina H. Marek-Urban,
• Karolina Wrochna,
• Agnieszka E. Kuklewska,
• Kacper Kręgielewski,
• Marta Grodzik,
• Dawid R. Natkowski,
• Jolanta Mierzejewska,
• Ewa Iwanek,
• Agata Blacha-Grzechnik,
• Paweł Sajkiewicz and
• Krzysztof Durka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 668–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.46

• -indacene and its derivatives) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] have attracted considerable interest due to their advantageous properties, including strong light absorption, facile synthesis, and high structural tunability [14][15][16]. Yet, the main design strategy for photosensitizing BODIPYs is to incorporate

• , the absorbance spectra of all materials are relatively similar and closely align with the absorption maximum observed for the dilute solution in dichloromethane (DCM), but they display the band broadening characteristic of solid-state samples (Figure 4a). The emission spectra of the mats are slightly

• 1 in the mats. The absorbance spectra of the 1(0.15 wt %)@PCL and 1(0.50 wt %)@PCL are generally similar; however, for 1(1.00 wt %)@PCL, the absorption band is significantly broadened, accompanied by a pronounced intensity increase in the right-band shoulder (Figure 4c). This spectral change is also

Cellulose as a photocatalyst support material: extraction, structural features, and environmental applications

• Yee Teng Lim,
• Nur Farhana Jaafar,
• Azizul Hakim Lahuri and
• Endang Tri Wahyuni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 635–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.44

• quality and performance of the final product, making cellulose a critical factor in determining paper characteristics. More recently, bacterial cellulose has emerged as a natural material of particular interest due to its eco-friendly production process, low cost, strong water absorption, high

• enhancing photocatalytic performance by promoting charge separation, supporting surface functionalization, and improving light absorption, while one of its most valuable contributions lies in reducing the recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Its large surface area further helps stabilize

• significantly reduces its effectiveness under visible light, which represents nearly 45% of the solar spectrum. To address these challenges, researchers have developed a variety of modification strategies and hybrid approaches aimed at enhancing the visible light absorption of TiO2 and suppressing electron–hole

Two-step laser synthesis of Ag@TiO₂ nanomaterials for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B

• Marija Kovačević,
• Miloš Tošić,
• Rafaela Radičić,
• Vladimir Rajić,
• Nikša Krstulović,
• Miloš Momčilović and
• Sanja Živković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 622–634, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.43

• resonance effects and facilitates the formation of Schottky barriers at the metal–semiconductor interface, both of which contribute to an extended light absorption range and enhanced charge carrier separation. The improved activity is primarily attributed to the narrowing of TiO2’s effective bandgap and the

• , extending light absorption toward the visible region [12] and enabling efficient activity under visible light. In sum, laser-synthesized Ag@TiO2 nanoparticles uniquely combine structural purity and optical enhancement, positioning them as superior candidates for solar-assisted photocatalytic applications

• a state of initial instability. Influence of Ag on the bandgap energy of TiO2 UV–vis spectroscopy was employed to investigate the effect of Ag doping on TiO2 and to determine the bandgaps of both TiO2 and Ag@TiO2 samples. Figure 7a displays the absorption spectra of TiO2 and Ag-modified TiO2 samples

Recent progress in enhancing built-in electric fields of perovskite solar cells via junction engineering

• Tong Xiao and
• Ke Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 602–621, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.42

• ; junction; perovskite solar cells; Introduction Driven by the global push for carbon neutrality, next-generation high-efficiency and low-cost photovoltaic technologies have gained increasing attention. Due to their high absorption coefficients, long carrier diffusion lengths, tunable bandgaps, and solution

• interfacial compatibility are critical factors governing device performance [3][22][23]. Compared with organic hole transport layers (HTLs) such as Spiro-MeOTAD [24], PEDOT:PSS [25], and PTAA [26], which are prone to moisture absorption and exhibit poor thermal stability, inorganic materials such as CuO [27

• , establish or extend the BEF via interfacial defect passivation and energy-level cascading, and, on the other hand, retain the high carrier mobility and strong light absorption of the 3D bulk, which has made this approach a research focus in recent years [59][60]. However, the effectiveness of this strategy

Impacts of annealing on structural and photophysical properties of zinc phthalocyanine adsorbed on graphene

• Gautier Creutzer,
• Quentin Fernez,
• Nataliya Kalashnyk,
• Zohreh Safarzadeh,
• Lydia Sosa Vargas,
• Céline Fiorini-Debuisschert,
• Nicolas Fabre and
• Fabrice Charra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 576–585, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.39

• ), a well-known family of organic semiconductors, have been the subject of intensive research [15]. This family of molecules offers many advantages for industrial applications such as nontoxicity, thermal and chemical stability, and strong optical absorption [16][17]. It has also become a paradigm in

• variations in phthalocyanine-based materials can strongly impact their absorption and luminescence spectra, in particular by allowing or not the formation of intermolecular Frenkel charge-transfer excitons [23]. 2D assemblies of self-organized adsorbed conjugated molecules on graphene has attracted

• particular interest since they permit to focus on the specific properties of the molecules that are in direct contact with graphene. These studies benefit from in-depth analysis offered by scanning probe techniques combined with measurements of optical absorption [24][25], photoluminescence [26], or graphene

Synthesis of Cu–Mo/TiO₂ and Co–Mo/TiO₂ photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water

• Ilse Acosta,
• Brenda Zermeño,
• Edgar Moctezuma,
• Luis F. Garay-Rodríguez and
• Isaías Juárez-Ramírez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 559–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.37

• the optical bandgap, broaden the light absorption range, and enhance the quantum efficiency [4]. However, the partially occupied impurity states generated can act as recombination centers for photoexcited carriers, leading to band-to-band recombination [3]. To prevent charge recombination effects, the

• into the semiconductor matrix. The incorporation of co-dopants results in the formation of heterostructures with different electronic structures compared to the TiO2 structure, which promotes charge separation and visible light absorption [6]. The incorporation of two types of cations into the TiO2

• can improve light absorption and photocatalytic activity of the material through the generation of oxygen vacancies, which act as electron traps [12]. The Mo6+ ion has a radius similar to that of Ti4+; thus, it is ideal for introduction into the TiO2 lattice without causing significant disturbances

Advances in nanotechnology applied to natural products

• Douglas Dourado,
• Fábio Rocha Formiga,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar and
• Franceline Reynaud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 555–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.36

• physicochemical stability, increase apparent bioavailability, and modulate biological responses. In systemic delivery, microemulsions have been reported to enhance the absorption and therapeutic performance of natural compounds, with associated reductions in metabolic alterations and oxidative stress in

Probing internal continua and atomic ultrafast charge transfer within size-controlled nanoparticles by post-collision interaction in core-hole clock spectroscopy

• Johannes Lütgert,
• Erika Giangrisostomi,
• Nomi L. A. N. Sorgenfrei and
• Alexander Föhlisch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 505–514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.33

• properties of QDs such as absorption wavelength are collective properties of the entire system and are primarily determined by the particle size [8]. Advances in synthesis techniques have allowed for precise control over QD size, making these properties reliably tunable [9]. Other properties, such as

• characterization of the QDs with UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy has been performed by us to verify the size-dependence of quantum confinement (see further details in Supporting Information File 1

• materials [24][25][26], nanoparticles [27], and matrix-embedded polymers [28]. Results and Discussion Figure 1a shows S KL2,3L2,3 Auger electron spectra at different photon energies around the absorption edge of S 1s electrons as a color-coded map. The intensity ratio between the Raman and Auger channels is

Upcycling agroindustrial waste into graphene oxide supports for gold nanoparticles: toward sustainable nanomaterials

• Juan Marcos Castro-Tapia,
• Selene Acosta,
• Hiram Joazet Ojeda-Galván,
• Elsie Evelyn Araujo-Palomo,
• Edgar Giovanni Villabona-Leal and
• Mildred Quintana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 489–504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.32

• = 1.5418 Å). The instrument was equipped with a high-speed silicon strip detector (D/teX Ultra). Diffraction patterns were recorded over a 2θ range of 5–80°. Results and Discussion Figure 1 shows the UV–vis absorption spectra of the Agro-GOP, Agro-GOX, and Agro-GOC samples compared with the reference

• materials GO and rGO. This spectroscopy technique provides initial insights into the electronic structure and degree of conjugation of the samples. Typically, the UV–vis absorption spectrum of GO exhibits two characteristic features, namely, a main absorption band in the 230–270 nm region, attributed to the

• system within the GO framework. Figure 1 reveals clear distinctions between conventionally synthesized GO, its reduced form rGO, and the Agro-GO materials. GO displays the characteristic π→π* transition near 230 nm and shows the highest absorption in the 300–350 nm region, consistent with the presence of

Biomimetic nanoparticles in cancer photodynamic therapy: a review of targeted delivery systems and therapeutic outcomes

• Valentina I. Gorbacheva,
• Alexey S. Grabovoy,
• Polina S. Marukhina,
• Anastasiia O. Syrocheva and
• Ekaterina P. Kolesova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 396–422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.27

• one ROS type frequently triggers cascades leading to others, making the distinction primarily about the predominant mechanism rather than exclusivity. Efficacy and safety of PDT are largely determined by the PS’s properties [20]. An ideal PS must exhibit a high absorption coefficient in the near

Eco-efficient materials for agricultural crops based on a mineral rich in MOR- and HEU-type zeolites

• Esperanza Yamile de la Nuez-Pantoja,
• Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
• Gerardo Rodríguez-Fuentes,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• Ariel Martínez García,
• José Juan Calvino Gámez and
• Daniel Goma Jiménez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 381–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.26

• absorption bands near to 1400 cm−1 corresponding to the bending vibrations of N–H bonds in NH4+-modified natural zeolites. In general, when ammonium interacts with the oxygen atoms of the zeolitic structure, various configurations are formed, each of which exhibits different interaction strength depending on

Beam shaping techniques for pulsed laser ablation in liquids: Unlocking tunable control of nanoparticle synthesis in liquids

• Sergio Molina-Prados,
• Nadezhda M. Bulgakova,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov,
• Jesus Lancis,
• Gladys Mínguez Vega and
• Carlos Doñate-Buendia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 309–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.22

• achieved in chemical synthesis using microfluidics-based reactors [14]. PLAL mechanisms and the ablation dynamics can be described starting with the pulsed emission from the laser source [16]. The laser beam travels through the transparent liquid layer, ideally minimising energy losses due to absorption

• inductively coupled plasma-based (ICP) techniques (ICP mass spectrometry or ICP optical emission spectroscopy) and atomic absorption spectroscopy, particularly for metallic targets, as they determine the concentration in a representative colloidal aliquot. Complementary methods include UV–vis spectroscopy

• , generating a supercontinuum. In addition to self-focusing in the solvent, it is important to consider the influence of NPs already present in the liquid on the optical breakdown threshold. Dispersed NPs act as additional scattering and absorption centres, leading to local field enhancement in their vicinity

Multilayered hyperbolic Au/TiO₂ nanostructures for enhancing the nonlinear response around the epsilon-near-zero point

• Fernando Arturo Araiza-Sixtos,
• Mauricio Gomez-Robles,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel and
• Raúl Rangel-Rojo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 251–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.17

• laser, enabling us to characterize both the refractive and absorptive contributions to the nonlinear response. Due to the high pulse repetition rate inherent to Ti:sapphire systems and the presence of linear absorption in the samples, cumulative pulse-to-pulse thermal effects may be present. A modified

• coherently the response generated at different planes within the medium without the need of phase matching [5]. Ideally, we would like these materials not to have linear absorption, which prevents the full exploitation of these properties. The presence of linear absorption means that ℑ{ε} ≠ 0, which

• [20]. Work has also expanded into complex geometries, such as hybrid metal–dielectric layered pyramids [10], AZO nanotrenches for molecular absorption sensing [4], and the first nanowire array exhibiting hyperbolic properties with negative refraction at 780 nm [21]. Previously, our group has studied

Gold nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a highly effective catalyst for the selective α,β-dehydrogenation of N-alkyl-4-piperidones

• Brenda Flore Kenyim,
• Mihir Tzalis,
• Marilyn Kaul,
• Robert Oestreich,
• Aysenur Limon,
• Chancellin Pecheu Nkepdep and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 218–238, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.15

• micropores around 1 nm, with a small type-II contribution at larger P/P0 and a small H4 hysteresis loop, which is given by the mesoporous part of AC. rGO has a type-II isotherm due to unrestricted monolayer–multilayer adsorption up to high P/P0; the multilayer absorption appears to increase without limit

• the average size of nanoparticles based on X-ray diffraction data. To verify the gold loading in the Au-SiW9/rGO composite, a carefully weighed aliquot was dissolved in a microwave digestion system using conc. HNO3 (70%) and diluted HCl (5%) for atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The measured gold

Structure-dependent thermochromism of PAZO thin films: theory and experiment

• Georgi Mateev,
• Dean Dimov,
• Nataliya Berberova-Buhova,
• Nikoleta Kircheva,
• Todor Dudev,
• Ludmila Nikolova,
• Elena Stoykova,
• Keehoon Hong,
• Dimana Nazarova,
• Silvia Angelova and
• Lian Nedelchev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 186–199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.12

• thickness, and thermal treatment conditions. The observed changes in optical properties suggest that this response is governed by temperature-induced modulation of molecular ordering and aggregation state, which in turn alters the electronic transitions responsible for light absorption. Theoretical

• thin layers subjected to thermal treatment at temperatures up to 300 °C. Particular attention is given to the changes in absorption features and spectral shifts that may arise from structural rearrangements within the material. To rationalize the experimental findings, density functional theory (DFT

• ) calculations were employed to model possible supramolecular architectures, allowing us to explore the correlation between thermally induced optical responses and the underlying molecular-level organization. Results and Discussion Experimental results Temperature dependence of absorption spectra Absorption

From shield to spear: Charge-reversible nanocarriers in overcoming cancer therapy barriers

• Madhuri Yeduvaka,
• Pooja Mittal,
• Ameer Boyalakuntla,
• Usman Bee Shaik,
• Himanshu Sharma,
• Thakur Gurjeet Singh,
• Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula and
• Lakshmi Vineela Nalla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 159–175, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.10

• tumour photodynamic therapy. The study highlights the excellent light absorption and ROS generation capacity of the material, allowing targeted tumour cell damage while sparing healthy tissues [56]. Similarly, a study reports thermo-responsive gold nanorod vesicles (USGRV-17-AAG) integrate NIR-II

Influence of surface characteristics on the in vitro stability and cell uptake of nanoliposomes for brain delivery

• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Andreas Zimmer,
• Otmar Geiss,
• Sabrina Gioria,
• Diletta Scaccabarozzi and
• Marija Glavas Dodov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 139–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.9

• true dynamics of NLs and drug absorption or trafficking within brain cells. Finally, optimized experimental conditions help reduce variability between cell uptake experiments and ensure that results are consistent across different cell passages, laboratories, or research conditions which is

• outlet of the MWD detector was connected to a DAWN 8+ HELEOS II MALS operating with a 658 nm laser (Wyatt Technology Europe). A DLS (Malvern Zetasizer Nano-S, UK) with an installed quartz flow cell (ZEN0023) was also used in this study in flow mode. Refractive index (RI) and absorption parameters were

• ), observed at a retention time of about 20 min, are most likely related to the absorption of the PEG present on the surface of NLs. In addition, it can be seen that a more intense absorption peak is obtained at the same retention time for NLb1, the formulation with the highest amount of PEG on the surface

Functional surface engineering for cultural heritage protection: the role of superhydrophobic and superoleophobic coatings – a comprehensive review

• Giuseppe Cesare Lama,
• Marino Lavorgna,
• Letizia Verdolotti,
• Federica Recupido,
• Giovanna Giuliana Buonocore and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 63–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.6

• relevant when considering different threats. Water is the most pervasive menace, in both indoor and outdoor environments [52]. For stone and other inorganic materials, high porosity and surface irregularities can increase coating absorption, resulting in thicker and less uniform layers that compromise

• porous stones like Lecce stone, commonly used in cultural heritage structures (mainly constituted by calcite). This coating effectively reduces water absorption and resists graffiti staining, helping to preserve the material from environmental and human-induced damage. Importantly, it does so without

• copolymer reduced wettability but failed to limit water absorption and showed poor resistance under rain exposure, similar to untreated samples. In contrast, the silicon-based coatings demonstrated better long-term hydrophobicity and surface stability. Among them, PSW slightly enhanced water retention

Internal 3D temperature mapping in biological systems using ratiometric light-sheet imaging and lipid-coated upconversion nanothermometers

• Dannareli Barron-Ortiz,
• Enric Pérez-Parets,
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava,
• Emilio J. Gualda,
• Jacob Licea-Rodríguez,
• Juan Hernández-Cordero,
• Pablo Loza-Álvarez and
• Israel Rocha-Mendoza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2306–2316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.159

• photonic UC of multiple NIR photons into visible luminescence [38]. As an example, in the NaYF4:Er3+/Yb3+ composite (such as that used in this work), the NaYF4 crystal matrix is co-doped with Yb3+ acting as the sensitizer to enhance the NIR absorption cross section, whereas the Er3+ ion acts as the emitter

Improving magnetic properties of Mn- and Zn-doped core–shell iron oxide nanoparticles by tuning their size

• Dounia Louaguef,
• Ghouti Medjahdi,
• Sébastien Diliberto,
• Klaus M. Seemann,
• Thomas Gries,
• Joelle Bizeau,
• Damien Mertz,
• Eric Gaffet and
• Halima Alem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2285–2295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.157

• generate heat through Brownian and Néel relaxation mechanisms [4]. The heat generation capacity of these nanoparticles is often quantified by the specific absorption rate (SAR), which represents the power dissipated as heat per gram of nanoparticles under the influence of an alternating magnetic field. The

• spectra were acquired from 400 to 4000 cm−1 with a spectral resolution of 4 cm−1. Reference spectra were acquired before each measurement to determine the absorption spectra under ambient conditions. Each measurement was averaged over 200 scans in continuous mode to improve the signal-to-noise ratio

• ferrites, the strong absorption bands corresponding to the Fe–O bonds at tetrahedral and octahedral sites are significantly more intense than the Zn–O and Mn–O vibrational modes, which have lower dipole moment changes during vibration. As a result, the Fe–O vibrations dominate the FTIR spectrum

Visualizing nanostructures in supramolecular hydrogels: a correlative study using confocal and cryogenic scanning electron microscopy

• Shaun M. Smith,
• Ferdinando Malagreca,
• Jacqueline Hicks,
• Giuseppe Mantovani,
• David B. Amabilino,
• Christopher Parmenter and
• Lluïsa Pérez-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2274–2284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.156

• diketopyrrolopyrrole bis(carboxylic acid) (DPP-BC) (Figure 1), are probed using confocal fluorescence microscopy and cryo-SEM. ZnPc is a water-soluble fluorophore with a conjugated and mainly flat macrocyclic structure, characterized by strong absorption in the red region of the visible spectrum, and has been

• observed upon mixing aqueous and ethanolic solutions, and gelation generally occurred in less than one minute (as judged by vial inversion) to yield the gel materials containing the chosen fluorophore. Photophysical characterization of fluorophore@Gels UV–visible absorption spectroscopy was performed using

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

• lengths are usually required to obtain reliable experimental results. These challenges can be addressed using chiral plasmonic nanostructures (cPNSs). cPNSs enhance the intensity of the electromagnetic near field of circularly polarized light (CPL), which accelerates light absorption by molecules

• magnitude) with light-absorbing reactants observed at optical hot spots compared to other locations. Hot carriers generated in PNSs can transfer into molecular species and trigger redox reactions. The rate of hot carrier generation strongly depends on the PNS absorption, proportional to the electric field

• solutions by sonicating the substrates in an aqueous solution of surfactant. 2.4 Plasmon-mediated polymer motions and polymerization using CPL The enhanced EM field under CPL of achiral PNSs can result in a spatially dissymmetric distribution of light absorption by chromophores. As depicted in Figure 5a