Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• potential risks or complications [42]. Recently, researchers and medical organizations have begun using low-cost biosensors to monitor food and water toxins, human biological processes, accurate health diagnostics, and for other applications [43]. Biosensor-based technologies are essential to assess samples

• several benefits, including excellent stability and extended storage life, which makes them a desirable choice for biosensor applications. Additionally, they may be quickly immobilized on a surface, such as a glass electrode, which increases their sensitivity and precision for identifying target analytes

• alginate–CuO–glucose oxidase-based biosensor for glucose detection, which demonstrated high repeatability and long-term stability. Another research used horseradish peroxidase coated in calcium alginate beads to detect hydrogen peroxide in ambient water samples [127]. Ionotropic alginate hydrogel

Recent progress on field-effect transistor-based biosensors: device perspective

• Billel Smaani,
• Fares Nafa,
• Mohamed Salah Benlatrech,
• Ismahan Mahdi,
• Hamza Akroum,
• Mohamed walid Azizi,
• Khaled Harrar and
• Sayan Kanungo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 977–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.80

• FET-based biosensors. Finally, this article proposes intriguing avenues for further research on the topology of FET-based biosensors. Keywords: biomolecule detection; biosensors; charge modulation; dielectric modulation; field-effect transistor; Review 1 Introduction In recent years, biosensor

• widespread frequency of the disease, high mortality rate, and recurrence after treatment. In addition, biosensors are applied to monitor blood glucose levels in diabetics, identify infections, and track cancer growth [14]. The development of biosensor technologies for cancer screening is crucial and

• increasing their use in daily life [38]. The first ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (IS FETs) biosensor combined the metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) structure with glass electrodes for measuring ion activities in electrochemical and biological environments [39]. Subsequently, hydrogen-sensitive MOSFET

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• synthesis of nanomaterials for biosensor substrate construction. Keywords: Ag NPs; antibiotic residue; deep eutectic solvents; potential; SERS; Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a ubiquitous technology for detecting and tracing substances, applied in various kinds of sensors. The

• thin film (Figure 3B). The uniform distribution of silver shows the uniformity of Ag NPs-DES thin film on the glass substrate, which is crucial for the applicability of this material. NFT detection The most fundamental component of a SERS-based biosensor is its SERS substrate. It directly affects the

• SERS performance of the biosensor [6]. Herein, the Ag NPs-DES thin film with the superiorly uniform Ag NPs-DES coating can be used as a SERS substrate for the analysis of antibiotics. First, residue tracing of nitrofurantoin (NFT) has been conducted in the range from 10−3 M down to 10−8 M (Figure 4A

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• the pore openings of the PAAO [16]. An influence of PAAO thickness variation in the range from 500 nm to 5 μm on biosensor performance using gold-capped PAAO has been reported [17]. Usually, the PAAO thickness is determined by the anodization time and growth rate. Although the thickness accuracy can

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• ; biosensor; detection; E. coli; peroxidase activity; silver/platinum nanoplate; Introduction One of the most dangerous foodborne infections is caused by E. coli. It can induce hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and thrombocytopenic purpura. E. coli is responsible for more than 2 million acute

• nanoparticles (i.e., silver nanoplates, Ag NPLs) covered with a layer of Pt atoms to improve the peroxide activity of NPLs, and use them as colorimetric biosensor materials. Metallic NPLs were employed in a variety of applications, including antibacterial activity [17][18][19], hazardous dye removal [20

• resultant agent is generated by the specific binding of the aptamer to the surface of the bacteria and the accumulation of numerous biosensors around the target leads to an increase in the intensity of the blue color. As a result, we attempted to explain the phenomenon and used it to develop a biosensor for

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• ability for a longer time than the specialised planar surface. In conclusion, nylon nanofibres seem to be a very good choice as an antibody immobilisation surface, offering not only higher immunocapture efficiency, but also more cost efficiency as they are reusable and stable. Keywords: biosensor

• the biosensor surface, in terms of density, orientation, and stability, will determine the diagnosis capability of the device [11]. Thus, the immobilisation surface of the device is one of the key points in the development of new sensors. Nylon has been used as immobilisation surface in numerous

• system. These characteristics are key points to obtain a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly immobilisation surface. One of the aims of developing a rapid and easy-to-use biosensor is to be able to detect a biological threat as early as possible. In the “Nanofibre reusability study

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• [74][76]. Au-based nanocomposites have been widely applied in the field of biosensor development because of their wide absorption and excellent light-to-heat conversion properties. Core–shell nanoparticles have a higher PCE than gold nanospheres [77]. Variations in the optical properties were observed

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• on a biosensor platform consisting of graphene quantum dots functionalized with acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase for the detection of the organophosphate pesticide dichlorvos [25]. In 2018, Qian Liu et al. developed a photo-electrochemical sensor with nitrogen-functionalized graphene quantum

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• show promising properties for utilization in photobioreactors and biosensor devices [18][19][20][21]. According to Fakhrullin et al. [22], cellular nanoencapsulation can be nowadays considered as a promising way to develop more complex systems based on nanoshell assemblies using inorganic nanomaterials

A mid-infrared focusing grating coupler with a single circular arc element based on germanium on silicon

• Xiaojun Zhu,
• Shuai Li,
• Ang Sun,
• Yongquan Pan,
• Wen Liu,
• Yue Wu,
• Guoan Zhang and
• Yuechun Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 478–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.38

• couplers requiring secondary etching, the proposed full-etch grating coupler structure can reduce the complexity of fabrication and can provide a prospective platform for MIR photonic integration and photonic biosensor detection. Keywords: circular arc element; focusing grating coupler; germanium-on

• , transparent, and portable wrist strap sensor and a mechano-based transductive sensor in 2017 and 2018, respectively [16][17]. They have good application prospects in healthcare. In 2020, Xue et al. reported a bismuthene-enabled fluorescence quenching biosensor to detect microRNA, which is relevant to the

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• Southeast Asian box turtle, Cuora amboinensis, is an ecologically important endangered species which needs an onsite monitoring device to protect it from extinction. An electrochemical DNA biosensor was developed to detect the C. amboinensis mitochondrial cytochrome b gene based on an in silico designed

• their mismatches, noncomplementary, and nontarget species DNA measured by DPV. The developed biosensor exhibited a selective response towards reverse complementary DNAs and was able to discriminate turtles from other species. The modified electrode displayed good linearity for reverse complementary DNAs

• in the range of 1 × 10−11–5 × 10−6 M with a limit of detection of 0.85 × 10−12 M. This indicates that the proposed biosensor has the potential to be applied for the detection of real turtle species. Keywords: box turtle; DNA detection; electrochemical DNA biosensor; nanocomposite; screen-printed

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• mandatory. Acid nucleic aptamers are oligonucleotides that bind to a specific target molecule with high affinity and specificity. Because of their unique characteristics, aptamers are promising tools for biosensor development. Aptamers are usually obtained through a procedure called “systematic evolution of

• diagnosis of the Zika virus. Keywords: aptamer; biosensor; graphene; NS1 protein; Zika virus; Introduction The genus Flavivirus comprises 53 virus species that are transmitted by mosquitoes, and the majority of these have the potential to infect humans. Mosquito-transmitted viruses are a significant

• ZIKV NS1 protein, capable of providing a specific virus identification for application in diagnostic biosensors. In this context, biosensor platforms based on aptamers (aptasensors) are commonly used to assess and quantify in real-time, with high sensitivity, the presence of an analyte, such as a

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• ratio. CNTs were discovered in 1991 by Sumio Iijima [120] and have been widely used in different biomedical areas including cellular imaging [121], biosensor development [122], bioactive molecular delivery [123], and, in particular, TE. To provide scaffolds with improved mechanical strength and

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• , and vocal cords [85][86]. Without external power supply, the back-end data processing technology can realize real-time detection and early warning of human health [87]. For example, voice can be recognized by vocal cord vibration, which can be recorded with a biosensor attached to the skin of the

Ultrasensitive detection of cadmium ions using a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor for groundwater

• Dinesh Rotake,
• Anand Darji and
• Nitin Kale

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1242–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.108

• piezoresistive microcantilever-based biosensor is shown in Figure 2. Here, the fabricated microfluidic platform with a microcantilever-based piezoresistive sensor is used to capture Cd(II) in the picomolar range. The amine group (–NH2) of cysteamine has an affinity to all types of HMIs and it needs to be cross

• , ultrasensitive, and selective Cd(II) detection in the picomolar range. Fabricated piezoresistive sensor and experimental platform for Cd(II) detection. Process flow of biosensor for selective detection of Cd(II) ions. Non-stress calibrated values for used piezoresistive die. The change in piezoresistance of the

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• as potential diagnostic or therapeutic (theranostic) nanoagents. Xu and co-workers demonstrated the derivation of a DNA tetrahedral electroluminescence (ECL) biosensor probe for a functional biosensing assay (Figure 3) [69]. The ECL biosensor platform was constructed based on a DNA tetrahedral

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• important targets in biosensor technology. Someya and co-workers developed a highly flexible organic amplifier to detect weak biosignals [107]. A highly conductive biocompatible gel composite made from multiwalled carbon nanotubes and aqueous hydrogel was integrated into a two-dimensional organic amplifier

• have to be well-matched for better sensor performance. Hsing and co-workers investigated the difference in sensing signals between tightly packed colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and leaky nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells using biosensors based on an organic electrochemical transistor [109]. The biosensor

Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• operational stability of EBCs [37][41]. Herein, the performance of the biosensor was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry exploiting the mediated electron transfer (MET) mechanism and the power density of the assembled biofuel cell is examined through polarization curves obtained with linear sweep voltammetry in

• (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), indicating that the preparation procedure did not affect the response of the entrapped GOx towards glucose (Figure S8, Supporting Information File 1). Detection of glucose with a film-GOx biosensor The GOx-loaded bionanocomposite film (Film-GOx) was

• tested as biosensor for the detection of glucose (Figure 5A). The performance of the biosensor was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in the presence of potassium ferricyanide as mediator, relying on the mediated electron transfer (MET) mechanism. Figure 5B shows the CV curve of the biosensor in response

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• detection; graphene integration; gravimetric biosensor; surface functionalization; Introduction Gravimetric biosensors based on microscale mechanical or electromechanical resonators have attracted significant interest in recent years mainly due to the high sensitivity and selectivity they can attain if

Experimental study of an evanescent-field biosensor based on 1D photonic bandgap structures

• Jad Sabek,
• Francisco Javier Díaz-Fernández,
• Luis Torrijos-Morán,
• Zeneida Díaz-Betancor,
• Ángel Maquieira,
• María-José Bañuls,
• Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 967–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.97

• Química, Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico IDM, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.10.97 Abstract A photonic bandgap (PBG) biosensor has been developed for the label-free detection

• exponential decrease of the signal as it goes into the cladding. This means that biorecognition events must occur as close to the PBG structure surface as possible in order to obtain the maximum sensing response. Within this context, the PBG biosensor has been biofunctionalized with half-antibodies specific

• sites towards the target sample. Then, the biofunctionalized PBG biosensor has been used to perform a direct and real-time detection of the target BSA antigen. Keywords: evanescent field; half-antibodies; light-assisted immobilization; photonic bandgap sensor; SNOM characterization; Introduction The

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• nanoparticles were of low toxicity and had bright luminescence, which make them suitable for biosensor and optical detection studies. Results and Discussion The scheme for the synthesis of GNR@CdSe/ZnS and GNR@CdSe/ZnS@FA is illustrated in Figure 1. Firstly, the CdSe/ZnS QDs bind with GNRs kept at a 5 nm

Accurate control of the covalent functionalization of single-walled carbon nanotubes for the electro-enzymatically controlled oxidation of biomolecules

• Naoual Allali,
• Veronika Urbanova,
• Mathieu Etienne,
• Xavier Devaux,
• Martine Mallet,
• Brigitte Vigolo,
• Jean-Joseph Adjizian,
• Chris P. Ewels,
• Sven Oberg,
• Alexander V. Soldatov,
• Edward McRae,
• Yves Fort,
• Manuel Dossot and
• Victor Mamane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2750–2762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.257

• CNTs in the aim of making an electrochemical biosensor, we performed the oxidation step using microwave irradiation. Microwaves indeed promote oxidation through a fast thermal activation, which enables performing the oxidation step in only a few minutes and allows one to roughly control the number of

High-throughput micro-nanostructuring by microdroplet inkjet printing

• Hendrikje R. Neumann and
• Christine Selhuber-Unkel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2372–2380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.222

• densities is highly important in many fields, ranging from nano-optics to biosensor technologies and biomaterials. A well-established method to fabricate quasi-hexagonal patterns of metal nanoparticles is block copolymer micelle nanolithography, which relies on the self-assembly of metal-loaded micelles on

• BCML can intrinsically only coat surfaces with nanoparticle arrays, many biosensor applications also require well-defined structures and concentrations of ligands in microarrays [17]. Particularly the generation of cell arrays is a highly challenging task [18][19]. A feasible strategy would therefore

• generated on different types of silicon and nickel–titanium (NiTi) materials, thus providing a novel method to micro-nanostructure and functionalize materials, which are relevant in biomaterial and biosensor applications. Results and Discussion Inkjet printing for generating micelle solution droplets The