Polyurethane/silk fibroin-based electrospun membranes for wound healing and skin substitute applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Muhammad Waqas,
• Ahsan Nazir and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 591–612, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.46

• . The properties of nanofibers such as their high specific surface area, large surface-to-volume ratio, large length-to-diameter ratio, porous membrane structure, and their ability to mimic the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) of natural tissues make them a suitable material for wound dressing and skin

• endothelial cells are heavily activated during the proliferation stage, which helps in matrix deposition, wound closure, and angiogenesis. In wound healing, the formation of granulation tissue occurs, which is composed of cellular and fibril matrix [42]. Fibroblasts synthesize the fibrillar components

• , myofibroblasts help in wound contraction, and endothelial cells are involved in neo-angiogenesis. The re-epithelization process involves proliferation and migration towards the wound area and fills the wound with granulation tissues. In this matrix, keratinocytes live, move, and proliferate to close the wound

Nanomaterials in targeting amyloid-β oligomers: current advances and future directions for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and therapy

• Shiwani Randhawa,
• Trilok Chand Saini,
• Manik Bathla,
• Rahul Bhardwaj,
• Rubina Dhiman and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 561–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.44

• electrochemical detection of AβOs via a nanobiosensor consisting of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded in a conductive polymeric matrix. For this, the surface of the AuNPs was further modified with PrPc, which acted as the biorecognition element for the specific detection of AβOs in ex vivo real samples, viz

• smartphone camera, and up to 320 pg/mL with the naked eye [76]. Zhao and collaborators utilized AuNPs embedded in various matrices to construct three-dimensional layers for detecting AβOs. Among their innovations, PrPC/AuNPs embedded in a Ppy-3-COOH matrix (AuNPs-E-Ppy-3-COOH) exhibited superior sensitivity

• , Gln@CA-AuNP was found to enhance the production of sulfated glycosaminoglycans, bolster extracellular matrix generation, and confer neuroprotection against oligomeric protein aggregates [68]. These findings collectively underscore the potential of metal-based NPs in not only inhibiting Aβ

Functionalized gold nanoflowers on carbon screen-printed electrodes: an electrochemical platform for biosensing hemagglutinin protein of influenza A H1N1 virus

• Carlos Enrique Torres-Méndez,
• Sharmilee Nandi,
• Klara Martinovic,
• Patrizia Kühne,
• Yifan Liu,
• Sam Taylor,
• Maria Lysandrou,
• Maria Ines Berrojo Romeyro Mascarenhas,
• Viktoria Langwallner,
• Javier Enrique Sebastián Alonso,
• Ivana Jovanovic,
• Maike Lüftner,
• Georgia-Vasiliki Gkountana,
• David Bern,
• Abdul-Raouf Atif,
• Ehsan Manouchehri Doulabi,
• Gemma Mestres and
• Masood Kamali-Moghaddam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 540–550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.42

• ][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], while others have focused on N1 protein [8][21], both H1 and N1 proteins [22], nucleoprotein [23][24][25], both H1 and nucleoprotein [26], nucleic acids [27][28][29], matrix protein [30], and serum amyloid A biomarker [31]. Biosensing technologies are constantly

• quantify H1 of influenza A H1N1 virus at clinically relevant concentrations with high accuracy and sensitivity in a complex matrix such as artificial saliva (Figure 1). The biosensing system can also be coupled to a microfluidics system without significant decrease in the electrochemical response. The

Electron beam-based direct writing of nanostructures using a palladium β-ketoesterate complex

• Chinmai Sai Jureddy,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Iwona B. Szymańska,
• Patrik Hoffmann and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 530–539, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.41

• nanocrystalline material with a grain size of 2 nm. These results confirm that the FEBID material derived from [Pd(tbaoac)2] consists of metallic palladium nanograins embedded in a carbonaceous matrix. EDX measurements were conducted at the center of the deposit, marked as the red area in Figure 3a. The BSE range

• with other fragments on the surface to form a nonvolatile matrix, or (iii) become embedded by newly arriving molecules from the gas phase [30]. A key factor for rapid desorption is the neutral charge of the generated fragments, which reduces the desorption energy. This applies to the isobutene

• adsorption. Furthermore, surface reactions may be altered by the simultaneous presence of fragments of metalorganic and residual gas molecules. However, if there is plenty of carbonaceous matrix co-deposited by the metalorganic precursor molecules, one could hypothesize that the surface reactions of the

Impact of adsorbate–substrate interaction on nanostructured thin films growth during low-pressure condensation

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 473–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.36

• , the formation of percolating structures of adsorbate, and the formation of nanoholes inside the adsorbate matrix [33]. An increase in the adsorbate–adsorbate interaction strength leads to formation of elevated numbers of small adsorbate structures [33][37]. An increase in the rate of transference

• adsorbate matrix due to the percolating structure of the adsorbate. Summarizing, one can conclude that the effects of adsorbate–substrate interactions during nanostructured thin film growth at low-pressure deposition are profound and multifaceted. Understanding and controlling these interactions are

Synthetic-polymer-assisted antisense oligonucleotide delivery: targeted approaches for precision disease treatment

• Ana Cubillo Alvarez,
• Dylan Maguire and
• Ruairí P. Brannigan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 435–463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.34

• property allows PLG to be used primarily as a stabilising carrier or a controlled-release matrix for drug and ASO delivery [99]. Even though its negative charge often limits direct complexation with negatively charged ASOs, it can be used in conjugation strategies or in combination with other cationic

Quantification of lead through rod-shaped silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles using an electrochemical approach

• Ravinder Lamba,
• Gaurav Bhanjana,
• Neeraj Dilbaghi,
• Vivek Gupta and
• Sandeep Kumar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 422–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.33

• corresponds to the Zn 2p1/2 and the 1019.2 eV peak corresponds to Zn 2p3/2. The peak location was marginally changed toward lower binding energy values with the addition of Ag. The peak shift observed was a consequence of the increase in electron density in the host matrix which is caused by the doping of Ag

Engineered PEG–PCL nanoparticles enable sensitive and selective detection of sodium dodecyl sulfate: a qualitative and quantitative analysis

• Soni Prajapati and
• Ranjana Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 385–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.29

• , respectively. The presence of carbon and oxygen peaks confirms the composition of the PEG–PCL polymer matrix, while the tin peak is attributable to the stannous octoate catalyst used during the synthesis of the nanoparticles. The absence of unexpected peaks in the XPS spectra indicates that no significant

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• , hydrogen bonding, disulfide bond formation, or physical entanglement of polymers within the mesh-like mucus structure [9][10]. Sodium alginate is a linear polysaccharide composed of 1,4-linked β-ᴅ-mannuronic acid and α-ʟ-guluronic acid residues. Alginate can be used to form porous matrix-type drug delivery

Enhancing mechanical properties of chitosan/PVA electrospun nanofibers: a comprehensive review

• Nur Areisman Mohd Salleh,
• Amalina Muhammad Afifi,
• Fathiah Mohamed Zuki and
• Hanna Sofia SalehHudin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 286–307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.22

• biocompatibility, biodegradability, and similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM) [101]. Electrospinning pure chitosan without any other precursor material, however, presents significant challenges due to its inherent properties. Chitosan has high viscosity and low solubility in most solvents, and it tends to

• nanofibrous matrix with a chitosan solution to create a biomimetic nanofibrous wound dressing. Electrospinning of chitosan/PVA blend nanofibers has been successfully reported by many researchers. In these studies, two of the most common solvents used to dissolve chitosan and PVA are water and acetic acid [82

• -effective as no vacuum pump is required in the process [148]. Incorporation of nanofiller into the nanofiber matrix, such as in the halloysite nanotube-reinforced chitosan/PVA nanofibers prepared by Koosha et al. [163], can also improve mechanical properties. Rosli et al. [164] functionalized an ionic

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

• Radmila Milenkovska,
• Nikola Geskovski,
• Dushko Shalabalija,
• Ljubica Mihailova,
• Petre Makreski,
• Dushko Lukarski,
• Igor Stojkovski,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
• Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

• surrounding, high levels and different mechanisms of drug resistance and radiation tolerance, as well as a blocking effect of the blood–brain–tumor barrier (BBTB) for drug permeation into the brain extracellular matrix lead to high recurrence rates (in up to 90% of patients) even when complete treatment is

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

• Bedah Rupaedah,
• Indrika Novella,
• Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
• Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
• Anna Safarrida,
• Abdul Hapid,
• Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
• Suryana Suryana,
• Irwan Kurnia and
• Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

• incubation process consisting of three sets, each lasting 24 h. For strain identification, DNA extraction was performed using Instagene™ Matrix, followed by sample amplification using 16S rRNA primers (5′-AGA GTT TGA TCC TGG CTC AG-3′) and (5′-GGA TAC CTT GTT ACG ACT T-3′), with a fragment length of 1500

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• membranes. To address this challenge, the development of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) is a promising strategy. MMMs are obtained by carefully integrating porous nano-fillers into polymeric matrices, enabling the simultaneous enhancement of selectivity and permeability. In particular, metal-organic

• the gas separation potential of MOF-based MMMs in CO2 capture applications are highlighted. Keywords: CO2 capture; gas separation; inorganic filler; metal-organic framework (MOF); mixed matrix membrane (MMM); Review 1 Introduction The continuous rise in global CO2 emissions has unfolded an era of

• improve CO2 permeability and selectivity to enhance the efficiency of CO2 capture. A promising approach in this field involves hybrid polymer composite membranes known as mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Among the diverse range of inorganic fillers integrated into MMMs

Clays enhanced with niobium: potential in wastewater treatment and reuse as pigment with antibacterial activity

• Silvia Jaerger,
• Patricia Appelt,
• Mario Antônio Alves da Cunha,
• Fabián Ccahuana Ayma,
• Ricardo Schneider,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Fauze Jacó Anaissi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 141–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.13

• . Furthermore, the samples BEOx and BEPh displayed niobium relative concentrations of 6.4 wt % and 4.0 wt %, respectively. These results suggest the incorporation of niobium into the clay matrix. In Table 1, considering the montmorillonite phase with the empirical formula Mx(Al4−xMgx)Si8O20(OH)4, when it was

• in colorless paint (paint sample, square), respectively. The tables also include color difference values between the samples in powder form and those dispersed in colorless paint. Colorless paint does not contain white pigment in its matrix, enhancing the dispersed pigment color. The ΔE parameter

TiO₂ immobilized on 2D mordenite: effect of hydrolysis conditions on structural, textural, and optical characteristics of the nanocomposites

• Marina G. Shelyapina,
• Rosario Isidro Yocupicio-Gaxiola,
• Gleb A. Valkovsky and
• Vitalii Petranovskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 128–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.12

• /hydrophobic properties than the samples hydrolyzed in pure water. It is known that the hydrophilicity of TiO2 depends on the crystalline phase and surface composition, but not on the size [43]. Moreover, it was found that introduction of TiO2 into an amorphous siliceous matrix increases the hydrophilicity of

• . Despite the still large bandgap, the immobilization of TiO2 on the zeolite matrix, combined with the mesopore structure important for high mass transfer properties, suggests that these materials may be promising catalysts under flow conditions. However, it is necessary to further search for parameters to

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

• Naths Grazia Sukubo,
• Paolo Bigini and
• Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

• ], as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), which promote extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and angiogenesis, playing a key role in conditions like fibrosis and wound healing [14][17]. The M2 activation state is mediated by the STAT6 pathway via

• their pro-angiogenic role. They produce VEGF and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are particularly relevant in tumor progression [17][21][22]. Therapeutic implications of macrophage polarization: Based on the aforementioned mechanisms, it is evident that macrophage dysregulation can be implicated

Modeling and simulation of carbon-nanocomposite-based gas sensors

• Roopa Hegde,
• Punya Prabha V,
• Shipra Upadhyay and
• Krishna S B

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 90–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.9

• nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon black, embedded within a polymer matrix [1]. The distinctive properties of carbon nanocomposites have positioned them as promising candidates for various applications, particularly in the development of advanced sensors. The small amounts of

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

• Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
• José Alberto Luna López,
• Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
• Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
• José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
• Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

• density (kg·m−3), p is the pressure (Pa), F is the volume force vector (N·m−3), Cp is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure (J·kg−1·K−1), T is the absolute temperature (K), q is the heat flux vector (W·m−2), qr is the heat flux vector by radiation (W·m−2), I is the identity matrix (unitless

• and surface hydroxy groups, which leads to deposition. They are also responsible for the incorporation of Si–OH bonds into the silicon oxide matrix. The •H and •OH species attack unsaturated surface species with dangling bonds. Oxidation of surface hydrogens is the predominant reaction for O to

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• longitudinal absorptive bands. These are often rods of chitin embedded in a protein matrix [23]. The authors also suggested that there is a proteinaceous filling material, which tends to leach out during preparation of the specimens for SEM, leaving behind empty lacunae. Modelled reflectance of V. orientalis

• on top of each other (E and F). There are also dark transverse bands that interconnect two consecutive longitudinal bands of the same lamellae (arrow), or of two separate lamellae (A and B). Legend: L = lamellae; P = pillars; R = rugosity of chitin fibers embedded in a protein matrix. Scale bars: 100

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• real-world scenarios while having, at the same, time a clear understanding of their optimal operating parameters. The leverage method measures the similarity between the query samples and the training set using the leverage values, h, which are essentially the diagonal elements of the Hat matrix [61

• prediction is deemed reliable if its corresponding leverage value falls below this threshold (h < h*). where X is the table containing the descriptor matrix, p is the number of descriptors used in the model [60][61], and N is the number of samples in the training dataset. Results and Discussion In the next

Electrochemical nanostructured CuBTC/FeBTC MOF composite sensor for enrofloxacin detection

• Thi Kim Ngan Nguyen,
• Tien Dat Doan,
• Huy Hieu Luu,
• Hoang Anh Nguyen,
• Thi Thu Ha Vu,
• Quang Hai Tran,
• Ha Tran Nguyen,
• Thanh Binh Dang,
• Thi Hai Yen Pham and
• Mai Ha Hoang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1522–1535, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.120

• shown here). It is worth noting that, within this concentration range, no ENR signal was detectable in the presence of CEF, OXA, or GLU. The experimental findings indicate that the sensor demonstrated good performance in detecting ENR in samples with a complex matrix. Analysis in real sample matrices

Polymer lipid hybrid nanoparticles for phytochemical delivery: challenges, progress, and future prospects

• Iqra Rahat,
• Pooja Yadav,
• Aditi Singhal,
• Mohammad Fareed,
• Jaganathan Raja Purushothaman,
• Mohammed Aslam,
• Raju Balaji,
• Sonali Patil-Shinde and
• Md. Rizwanullah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1473–1497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.118

• matrix, which can vary in its configuration depending on the specific requirements of the delivery system [12][13]. The lipid components, often phospholipids, cholesterol, and surfactants are integral for solubilizing lipophilic drugs. The polymer component, which can include materials such as

• crucial for maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods of time [20][21]. By adjusting the polymer composition and lipid matrix, researchers can fine-tune the release kinetics of phytochemicals, ensuring sustained therapeutic effects. This controlled release mechanism is particularly

• both polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles. PLHNPs represent higher encapsulation efficiency, ensuring that a higher proportion of the phytochemical payload is successfully encapsulated within the hybrid matrix of nanoparticles [38][39]. This improved encapsulation leads to enhanced bioavailability

Effect of radiation-induced vacancy saturation on the first-order phase transformation in nanoparticles: insights from a model

• Aram Shirinyan and
• Yuriy Bilogorodskyy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1453–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.117

• can be amorphized at an irradiation dose of 0.9 dpa, whereas bulk zirconia remains stable with respect to amorphization up to 680 dpa [5]. Additionally, experimental data indicate that materials containing coherent-to-the-matrix dispersed particles may experience reduced swelling under irradiation

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• element and finally give rise to the collective E field solution. Similarly, for the reflectance calculation on the structure, COMSOL utilizes the transfer matrix method (TMM). The analytical expression for reflectance at the desired wavelength for a lossless even-number-layered 1D PhC is the following

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• ± 20.7 nm for SS (Supporting Information File 1, Table S1). A two-tailed t-test showed that the increase in roughness after each successive coating was significantly different compared to the previous layer, suggesting successful attachment of a porous matrix onto a variety of different substrates. The