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Search for "monocytes" in Full Text gives 27 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10
- be considered a therapeutic target, exploiting their natural ability to phagocyte external agents such as NCs. Both monocytes and macrophages perpetuate tissue damage during chronic inflammatory disorders. They are implicated in preventing and resolving inflammation and wound-healing response [8
- differentiated by circulating monocytes [15]. They act as the first line of defense in tissue by recognizing and engulfing pathogens and cellular debris via phagocytosis. This process is facilitated by detecting pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and the
- , reinforcing the role of the MPS in NC clearance. 3.2 Role of the mononuclear phagocyte system Initially classified as a distinct cell lineage, the MPS consists of phagocytic cells, predominantly monocytes, and macrophages [33] that can rapidly sequester NCs after injection. This clearance process begins with
Cholesterol nanoarchaeosomes for alendronate targeted delivery as an anti-endothelial dysfunction agent
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 517–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.46
- on HUVECs, human macrophages, and monocytes Despite void nanoARC seemed to slightly reduce HUVEC viability by ≈20%, and nanoARC-Chol by 10%, whereas HSPC-Chol liposomes caused no reduction in cytotoxicity (Figure 2A), no statistically significant differences were found between the formulations and
- /mL in J774A.1), and the IC50 for nanoARC-Chol(ALN) was ≫500 μg TL/mL (vs 500 μg TL/mL in J774A.1) (Figure 3). The formulations were also not cytotoxic to circulating human monocytes between 100 and 500 μg/mL upon 30–180 min of incubation (Figure 4). No statistically significant differences were found
- between the formulations and the control. We observed, however, that the void formulations nanoARC and nanoARC-Chol were internalized by human macrophages and monocytes to a significantly higher extent than HSPC-Chol liposomes (Figure 5), as previously reported about J774A.1 macrophages [29]. Recently, we
Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30
- proteins, and prematurely release their cargos; also, they are phagocytosed by circulating monocytes or tissue macrophages to be degraded. This gives rise to the emergence of new modes of toxicity, including hemolysis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired lysosomal or mitochondrial function. In the
Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85
- (HbMPs) in monocytes and additionally screened for alternative ways of particle recognition by monocytes. In our experiments, blockade of CD163 by specific monoclonal antibodies proved to partly inhibit HbMP uptake by monocytes. It appears, however, that several other phagocytosis pathways for HbMPs
- might exist, independent of CD163 and also Hb. Keywords: CD163; HBOC; hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers; monocytes; phagocytosis; Introduction Blood transfusions save lives every day and have become an indispensable part of clinical practice in modern medicine. However, there have always been numerous
- size or other physical properties of the particles. In this study, we screened several monocytic surface receptors for a possible influence on the uptake of HbMPs by monocytes, which are precursor cells of macrophages. We chose to screen for CD14- as well as CD33-dependent HbMP uptake by monocytes
New trends in nanobiotechnology
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32
- cytotoxicity activity on cancer and healthy cells. The results showed a selective cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles towards cancer cell compared to that towards monocytes. This finding gives rise to the development of a new system where cytotoxicity can be selective. This may benefit future research in the
In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124
- comparison to monocytes. Keywords: cancer cells; cytotoxic behavior; green synthesis; pineapple extract; silver chloride nanoparticles; silver nanoparticles; structural characterization; Introduction The study of metallic nanoparticle synthesis by green methods is gaining importance, especially in cases
- nanoparticles on breast cancer cells is dependent on the biosynthesis temperature. Consequently, its effect is different in cancer cells in comparison to healthy cells (monocytes). This result may give rise to a new system with cytotoxic selectivity. The goal of this study is to contribute to the generation of
- tested in mononuclear cells, particularly in monocytes. The results of the cytotoxic behavior of these systems are shown in Figure 10. It is evident that nanoparticles obtained at temperatures of 60 and 80 °C were also cytotoxic to monocytes at concentrations of 25 µg/mL. In fact, their IC50 was lower
Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81
- , gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract, as well as in leukocyte cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, and others, thus forming a central part of mammalian innate immunity [87]. The multitude of immuno-functional roles of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides includes (1) eliminating bacterial growth
pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84
- supplemented with 10% FBS was added and the cells were allowed to stabilize for 24 h under identical conditions of temperature and CO2. Differentiation was confirmed by the visualization of adhered cells to the bottom of the culture well, as the THP1 monocytes are suspension cells. The differentiated THP1
A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36
- necessary and, in general, it is not a long-lasting protective immunity (immunologic memory). Monocytes and macrophages are the most common phagocytic cells in the body and represent the first innate line of defense, in addition to being responsible for the removal of particles [126]. Carlson et al. and
Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23
- can accumulate [19]. PBMCs are primary immune cells and mainly consist of monocytes and lymphocytes (B and T cells) and are responsible for the cellular host defense against foreign substances [20]. These cells secrete a variety of mediators depending on the environmental stimuli, including pro- and
- the effect of cell type and the kinetics of cellular uptake or sorption [40]. Human PBMCs primarily consist of monocytes and lymphocytes (mostly T cells). Monocytes are known for their phagocytic properties and phagocytosis is suggested as one of the possible mechanisms for Ag uptake by cells [7]. As
- expected, it has been reported that in PBMCs exposed to AgNPs and AgNO3, monocytes ‘accumulate’ more Ag in the form of NPs than T lymphocytes [28][40]. However, in provided blood samples we did not have any information regarding the health status or diet of blood donors or the ratio of cell types. Thus, it
Differences in surface chemistry of iron oxide nanoparticles result in different routes of internalization
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 270–281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.22
- occurs primarily in specialized cells, such as macrophages or monocytes, other endocytic pathways occur in virtually all cells [8]. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is the predominant endocytosis pathway and is involved mainly in nutrient intake and intracellular communication [9][10]. CME is
Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94
- extent, which leads to a lower rate of recognition by macrophages and monocytes. Also, a highly positive or negative surface charge of nanoparticles leads to a very small blood circulation time of only a few minutes [36]. Bare SPIONs are also rapidly cleared from blood after intravenous injection. They
- the signal loss leading to darker areas in the image. Today, SPIONs are used for liver imaging, as they are rapidly engulfed by monocytes and transported to the liver, although the medical community is still reluctant about using SPIONs for other MRI applications, because of the possible toxicity, the
- the previous in vitro tests. There are very few papers that report the effects of the same type of nanoparticles in vitro and, at the same time, in vivo. Hence, the scientific community stresses the need for both in vitro and in vivo reports on SPION platforms. To give a few examples, human monocytes
Identification of physicochemical properties that modulate nanoparticle aggregation in blood
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 550–567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.44
- activation of some factors by surface-driven exposure of cryptic domains following adsorption was reported in some studies [5][6]. Other studies have reported the NPs ability to damage or activate platelets, endothelial cells or monocytes [4]. Some physicochemical properties, including the surface charge and
Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10
- and is restricted to specialized cells (macrophages, monocytes and neutrophils). Pinocytosis, on the other hand, involves the uptake of fluids and solutes and occurs in all cells. At least four different mechanisms have been described for pinocytosis: macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85
- less drastic response in dealing with the injury. As survival (typically) is not as much in question after a PNS injury, the healing response lends for a more restorative path. Macrophages and monocytes, types of white blood cells from the inflammatory immune response, clear material from the wound
Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 675–684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.60
- monocytes could be caused by QDs through reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)-dependent mechanisms [78]. SiO NPs were also found leading to strong ER stress and UPR induction, oxidative stress, activation of MAPK signalling and down-regulation of p53 [79]. Moreover, a
Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57
- (MRC-5), concomitant with excessive MDA production [67]. After lung epithelial cancer cells (A549) were exposed to iron oxide nanoparticles, ROS production, mitochondrial impairments and autophagy were detected [68]. Autophagy in human peripheral blood monocytes can be induced by cerium dioxide
Functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as a platform for studying bio–nano interactions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2403–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.250
- numbers in tissues exposed to pathogens; for example, as alveolar macrophages in lungs, as Kupffer cells in the liver, and as sinusoidal lining cells in the spleen. Damaged or infected tissues contain a large number of macrophages, which originate from infiltrated monocytes. Thus, it is most likely that
Nanoparticle interactions with live cells: Quantitative fluorescence microscopy of nanoparticle size effects
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2388–2397, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.248
- machinery. Depending on the details of their interactions, proteins adsorbed onto NPs may enhance or reduce internalization of the so disguised NPs. Specialized cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, and monocytes are capable of phagocytosis (eating by cells), a form of endocytosis in which the cell
Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214
- ]. Silver-mediated oxidative stress can lead to the nuclear translocation of NF-κB, which regulates pro- and anti-inflammatory genes [53][54][55]. For example, we previously demonstrated that Ag-NP-induced an activation of hMSCs and monocytes that was characterized by differential cytokine release (e.g
Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207
- evidenced by a reduced secretion of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, and a pronounced decrease in the recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes following injection into mice. Subsequently, in two recent studies, we investigated the effects of two different, fluorophore functionalized CNOs on HeLa Kyoto [40
PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205
- demonstrated for hMSC, primary T-cells, primary monocytes, and astrocytes. A visualization of particles inside cells is possible by X-ray microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and combined FIB/SEM analysis. By staining organelles, their localization inside the cell can be additionally determined. While primary
- monocytes and lymphocytes (mainly T-cells). For the analysis of a cell type-specific uptake of silver nanoparticles, isolated PBMC were cultured in the presence of a subtoxic concentration of freshly prepared silver nanoparticles. After 24 h of incubation, silver agglomerates were found in monocytes (CD14
- concentration of silver nanoparticles (20 µg mL−1) for 24 h and single monocytes or lymphocytes were crosscut with FIB for intracellular imaging. Before FIB analysis, the cells were additionally coated with a thin layer of tungsten to protect the cut area from ion contamination. Similar to the results of light
Biocompatibility of cerium dioxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles with endothelial cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1795–1807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.190
- incubation, both investigated CeO2 nanoparticle formulations caused an increase of cytokine release (Figure 4a), particularly of MCP-1 and IL-8, which act as chemo-attractants for monocytes or neutrophils and T lymphocytes during the development of chronic inflammation [41][42]. The IL-6 release after
Different endocytotic uptake mechanisms for nanoparticles in epithelial cells and macrophages
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1625–1636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.174
- membranes [22]. Phagocytosis and macropinocytosis are both dependent on actin [15][23]. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes (i.e., monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells), which in turn form intracellular phagosomes. Macromolecule and particle uptake is triggered via the
Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149
- [1][11][15]. It has been reported that cytotoxicity and (pro)-inflammatory cytokine release could be observed upon in vitro exposures of Ag NPs to a variety of cell types including immune cells (such as macrophages and monocytes [19][20][21]) and epithelial lung cells [22][23][24]. Furthermore
- ) placed in BD Falcon™ 6-well tissue culture plates at a density of 0.5 × 106 cells/mL per insert. Cells were grown to confluence for 5 d under submerged conditions (2 mL RPMI complete in the upper and 3 mL in the lower transwell chamber). Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from buffy coats (Blood
- donation service SRK Bern AG, Switzerland) using Lymphoprep™ density gradients and CD14+ MicroBeads (Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) according to the manufacturer's manual. For the generation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs), the monocytes were cultured for 7 d in RPMI complete
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