Fabrication of hafnium-based nanoparticles and nanostructures using picosecond laser ablation

• Abhishek Das,
• Mangababu Akkanaboina,
• Jagannath Rathod,
• R. Sai Prasad Goud,
• Kanaka Ravi Kumar,
• Raghu C. Reddy,
• Ratheesh Ravendran,
• Katia Vutova,
• S. V. S. Nageswara Rao and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1639–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.129

• . All NPs exhibited novel optical reflectance properties. Reflectance measurements revealed that the fabricated NPs had a very high and broad optical absorption throughout the UV–vis–NIR range. The NPs synthesised in toluene exhibited the best absorption. The successful fabrication of Hf NSs with the

• ) and the NIR (λ = 1200 nm) spectral regions of the NPs under different angles of incidence are summarised in Table 2. Based on the data, it can be concluded that Hf NPs show a very high and wide optical absorption from UV to NIR. HfNPs-T especially show exceptional performance compared to other NPs

• with far superior and stable optical absorption compared to similar HfC NPs synthesised in our earlier work [31]. With an increase in angle, a reduction in absorption was observed for HfNPs-D, HfNPs-T, and HfNPs-A. A decrease in absorption was also observed with an increase in wavelength at a constant

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• ʟ-carnosine in synthesizing tunable plasmonic silver nanoparticles (ʟ-car-AgNPs). The formation of ʟ-car-AgNPs was confirmed via UV–vis optical absorption spectroscopy, showing single and double plasmonic peaks, depending on the synthesis conditions. Physicochemical characterization using TEM, FTIR

• optical absorbance and DLS measurements. However, ʟ-car-AgNP2–5 (Figure 3c–f) show ʟ-carnosine-induced controlled aggregation (formation of bigger size particles) upon increasing the temperature, which is also consistent with the optical absorption and DLS measurements. The micrograph of samples with two

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• . After the incubation, formazan crystals were dissolved in DMSO (100 µL added to each well). Then the optical absorption was measured on a microplate spectrophotometer Wallac Victor 2 (Perkin Elmer, USA) at wavelengths of 570 and 720 nm. The viability of cells (in relative units, r.u.) was calculated

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• are highly susceptible to mechanical failure because of their brittle nature; in contrast, the etched SiNW arrays exhibit superior optical absorption and enhanced surface catalytic reaction properties. The intimate contact between 1D Si NWs and thin TiO2 layers reduces the recombination rate of

• absorption than planar Si wafers because of the specific morphology [45]. The optical absorption of the as-prepared catalyst is shown in Figure 3a. The UV–vis diffuse reflection spectrum of TiO2/SiNWs catalyst is drastically reduced in comparison to the pure SiNWs. The superior antireflection property of the

• well prepared with an average length of 4 µm. Moreover, the surface of the SiNWs was fully decorated by the TiO2 passivation layer and became blurry. The active pure 25 nm TiO2 layer exhibits flake-like morphology as displayed in Figure 2c,d. Optical properties Nanowire arrays offer a better optical

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• recorded SERS spectra, after which SERS calculations were undertaken. Results and Discussion Characterization Optical absorption studies of as-synthesized nanoparticles The absorbance measurements were carried out on metallic Ag, Au, and Ag/Au NPs prepared using ps LASiS in both DW and aqueous NaCl

• solution, covering a wavelength range of 300–800 nm. In Figure 1, the optical absorption spectra of (a) Ag, (b) Au, and (c) Ag/Au NP solutions are presented for both environments obtained at 1064, 532, and 355 nm wavelengths in LASiS. All absorption spectra exhibit a distinct single surface plasmon

Bolometric IR photoresponse based on a 3D micro-nano integrated CNT architecture

• Yasameen Al-Mafrachi,
• Sandeep Yadav,
• Sascha Preu,
• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Oktay Yilmazoglu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1030–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.84

• % responsivity. Based on this equation, efficient bolometers require high optical absorption, a high TCR, good thermal isolation from the environment (characterized by a small value of G), and a small time constant. The research presented in this paper provides a 3D CNT design with micro-nano integrated lateral

• optimizing device parameters such as resistance, optical absorption characteristics, and heat conductivity. The M-shape was used to have a homogeneous gas flow parallel to the CNT walls during CNT growth to achieve repeatably aligned walls. Prior to CNT growth, the Fe catalyst layer self-assembled into Fe

• [8], the effective reflection from the forest decreased very rapidly. MWCNTs have also been used as absorbers in the infrared region (2–20 μm) with an optical absorption coefficient above 90% [10]. Similar values were achieved for different synthesis temperatures (500–700 °C) with different CNT

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• both catalysts, no isosbestic points are observed in the optical absorption of the solution, suggesting that the MB is completely degraded without the formation of intermediary complexes. The following equation provides the expression of the PD efficiency at a certain light excitation duration t with

• properties and photodegradation experiments were conducted on a UV–vis–near IR spectrometer (JASCO V-670) and using solar simulator excitation for the PD monitoring using 10 mL of MB dye solution with a concentration of 5 mg/L (10−5 M) and 1 mg of exfoliated photocatalyst. The intensity of the optical

• absorption peak at 631 nm was used to monitor the concentration of MB in aqueous solution. This peak is commonly associated with photon absorption by the conjugated double bonds of MB molecules. Several measurements conducted on various MB concentrations were analyzed to obtain a correlation between the

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• into heat energy is an intrinsic optical property of metal nanoparticles when irradiated using near-infrared radiation. However, the impact of size and shape on the photothermal behaviour of gold nanomakura particles possessing optical absorption within 600–700 nm as well as on incorporation in

• nanomakuras were validated using XRD and FTIR. Their excellent colloidal stability was confirmed through absorption spectral studies in different media. Also, the optical absorption spectra of AuNMs were retained when incorporated into k-CG hydrogels showing their robust nature. Furthermore, these

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• fascinating optical and electrical properties [1]. WOx is a wide-bandgap oxide semiconductor with a large excitonic binding energy of 0.15 eV and a high optical absorption coefficient (≥104 cm−1 in the UV region) [2]. These, in conjunction with decent carrier mobility (12 cm2·V−1·s−1), make this material an

• -WOx films. The value of Eg is estimated by employing the well-known Tauc’s equation [34]: where hv is the energy of the incident photons (in eV), α is the optical absorption coefficient, k is a constant, and n is a constant whose value depends on the type of transition (n = 2 for direct and n = 1/2

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• . The emission wavelength is determined by the crystal size and structure; crystals of the same chemistry can have emission maxima spanning a wide range. As the size of the dots decreases, both their optical absorption and emission shift to higher energies [41]. Because hydrophilic QDs are coated with

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• acquisitions were averaged to obtain each spectrum. A Cary 50 (Varian) spectrophotometer was used for the study of optical absorption. The sample was examined in the form of acetonitrile sol in a quartz SUPRASIL cuvette with an optical path length of 1 cm. Spectra were registered in the wavelength range of 190

• theoretical diffraction pattern of Si3P4; the vertical lines height is scaled to relative intensity of the respective maximum. Raman scattering spectra of (a) SP900, (b) SP670, and (c) SP550. IR spectra of (a) Si, (b) SP900, (c) SP670, and (d) SP400. Tauc plot of the optical absorption of a Si3P4 NPs sample

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• semiconductor materials, optical absorption significantly varies with the wavelength, depending on the bandgap energy. When semiconductor materials are irradiated with light, electron–hole pairs with energies close to the bandgap are produced. The excited electrons eventually return to a lower energy state and

• , yielding a temperature profile based on the optical absorption and bulk/surface recombination properties. Here, the photothermal effect refers to this temperature distribution caused by the diffusion and recombination of optically excited carriers. In organic materials, the delocalization of electrons in π

• conjugated structures are often adapted. For example, it is known that chromophores, such as rylene-based dyes and donor–acceptor conjugated frameworks, can extend the absorption band range and enhance the photostability [26]. DPP dyes have a strong optical absorption and offer easy alteration of their

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• conductivity, tunability of materials for realizing broadband energy absorption, appearance of new mechanisms of photon absorption, and improved prospects of preserving material properties [4][5][6]. Nanoparticle heating can result also due to the conversion of optical absorption by plasmons into heat. This

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• optical absorption characteristics of the nanoparticles. Thus, a broadband irradiation source may be useful in which the full width half maximum of the optical output can be tuned to suit the optical absorption characteristics of the nanoparticles. To the best of our knowledge, the measurement of the

• is no change in the optical absorption of the nanoparticles and that they are stable. Photothermal conversion efficiency of GNPs The photothermal conversion efficiency (η) of the GNPs was evaluated based on the obtained heating and cooling temperature profiles. The measured temperature profiles for

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• spectra of the prepared catalysts are shown in Figure 6b. The optical absorption of TiO2 is in the UV region, while the light absorption edge of TiO2@MWCNTs redshifts to the visible-light region. As seen from the Tauc plots (inset of Figure 6b), the optical band gap of TiO2 and TiO2@MWCNTs catalysts are

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• -C3N4 are too weak. Optical properties DRS spectra have been measured to understand the optical absorption characteristics of the materials (Figure 9). The g-C3N4 sample significantly absorbs light at a peak around 440 nm, corresponding to the direct and the indirect bandgap of 2.83 and 2.68 eV

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• fascinating optical and electronic properties [1]. In particular, the optical absorption, direct bandgap, and broken inversion symmetry of 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide (2D-TMDC) monolayers make these materials promising candidates for light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, field-effect transistors

Selected properties of Al_xZn_yO thin films prepared by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering using a two-element Zn/Al target

• Witold Posadowski,
• Artur Wiatrowski,
• Jarosław Domaradzki and
• Michał Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 344–354, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.29

• presented. In the area directly above the target (X = 0–50 mm), the position of the optical absorption edge of thin films is quite similar (Figure 5b). Moving away from the axis beyond the area above the target (X = 50–100 mm), the optical absorption edge of the spectra shifts in the direction towards

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• , such as the Seebeck coefficient, electrical and electronic conductivity, and power factor. At room temperature, the Seebeck coefficient and power factor have values of 146.37 µV·K−1 and 0.63 ×1011 W·K−2·m−1·s−1, respectively. The π-SnSe phase features a strong optical absorption onset and an intraband

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• receive the band gap values of the material [37][38]. As shown in Equation 1, the absorption coefficient α is expressed by the Planck constant h, the photon frequency ν, a constant B, which Davis and Mott described as the magnitude of the optical absorption constant [38], and a transition factor γ: The

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• photocatalysts is rarely reported. Nickel-based nanomaterials are of great interest for photocatalytic activity owing to their low cost, high optical absorption coefficients, and low bandgap energies [29][30][31]. Most importantly, the formation of a Schottky barrier between nickel species and titania can

Absorption and photoconductivity spectra of amorphous multilayer structures

• Oxana Iaseniuc and
• Mihail Iovu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1757–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.158

• Oxana Iaseniuc Mihail Iovu Institute of Applied Physics, No. 5 Academiei Str., Chisinau, MD-2028, R. Moldova 10.3762/bjnano.11.158 Abstract The experimental results regarding optical absorption and steady-state photoconductivity of amorphous single-layer structures (Al–As0.40S0.30Se0.30–Al, Al

• experimental results regarding optical absorption and steady-state photoconductivity of both amorphous single-layer structures, Al–As0.40S0.30Se0.30–Al, Al–Ge0.09As0.09Se0.82–Al, and Al–Ge0.30As0.04S0.66–Al and the heterostructure Al–As0.40S0.30Se0.30/Ge0.09As0.09Se0.82/Ge0.30As0.04S0.66–Al have been discussed

The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• al. [23] investigated the optical absorption properties of PTCDA on hBN/Rh(111) and hBN/Pt(111). Here, we report a direct comparison of FL spectra of PTCDA/hBN/Cu(111) and PTCDA/Cu(111), which allows for a relative determination of the efficiency of the hBN layer to decouple the excited states of

High-responsivity hybrid α-Ag₂S/Si photodetector prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

• Raid A. Ismail,
• Hanan A. Rawdhan and
• Duha S. Ahmed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.142

• (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV–vis spectroscopy. The optical absorption decreased and the optical energy gap of α-Ag2S increased from 1.5 to 2 eV after the CTAB surfactant was added to the Tu solution. XRD studies revealed that the synthesized Ag2S NPs were polycrystalline

• narrow direct optical energy gap, which ranges from 0.96 to 1.1 eV at room temperature. Ag2S has good chemical stability, low toxicity, and high optical absorption [4]. According to the growth temperature, Ag2S has three phases: monoclinic α-Ag2S (acanthite), β-Ag2S (argentite), and the stable γ-Ag2S [5

• observed at 125, 484 and 730 cm−1. Figure 5a shows the effect of adding CTAB on the UV–vis absorption spectrum of colloidal Ag2S NPs. The optical absorption was measured immediately after laser ablation. The addition of the cationic surfactant CTAB to the Tu solution led to a decrease in the optical