Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• exposure to starch-capped silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) [11]. Gemcitabine-encapsulated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles have been shown to enhance cell death in chemoresistant PANC1 cells, human pancreatic epithelial carcinoma cells [12]. Also, TiO2 nanoparticles can sensitize A549 cells

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

• Naths Grazia Sukubo,
• Paolo Bigini and
• Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

• ]. In RA, the predominance of M1 macrophages in inflamed joints drives synovitis and cartilage destruction. Yang and colleagues developed folic acid-modified silver nanoparticles (FA-AgNPs) to target M1 macrophages via folate receptor-mediated endocytosis. Once internalized, these NPs scavenged ROS

Instance maps as an organising concept for complex experimental workflows as demonstrated for (nano)material safety research

• Benjamin Punz,
• Maja Brajnik,
• Joh Dokler,
• Jaleesia D. Amos,
• Litty Johnson,
• Katie Reilly,
• Anastasios G. Papadiamantis,
• Amaia Green Etxabe,
• Lee Walker,
• Diego S. T. Martinez,
• Steffi Friedrichs,
• Klaus M. Weltring,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli,
• Claus Svendsen,
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Mark R. Wiesner,
• Martin Himly,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Thomas E. Exner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 57–77, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.7

• based on differences in the particles’ sulfidation levels [35]. We note that the same reasons underpinned its selection for the discussion of instance maps in [28]. The instance map in Figure 3 delineates all steps of the synthesis of sulfidised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs are synthesised with a

Facile synthesis of size-tunable L-carnosine-capped silver nanoparticles and their role in metal ion sensing and catalytic degradation of p-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar,
• Ridhima Chadha,
• Abhishek Das,
• Nandita Maiti and
• Rayavarapu Raja Gopal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1576–1592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.124

• ʟ-carnosine in synthesizing tunable plasmonic silver nanoparticles (ʟ-car-AgNPs). The formation of ʟ-car-AgNPs was confirmed via UV–vis optical absorption spectroscopy, showing single and double plasmonic peaks, depending on the synthesis conditions. Physicochemical characterization using TEM, FTIR

• with various contaminants. Keywords: catalysis; heavy metals; ʟ-carnosine; p-nitrophenol; silver nanoparticles; Introduction The persistent rise in environmental pollution, notably from heavy metal ions and organic pollutants, has propelled the development of innovative and efficient environmental

• sustainability and public health. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted the interest of researchers worldwide in recent years because of their promising use in environmental chemistry. The unique optochemical properties of AgNPs, including high surface area to volume ratio, optical absorbance, excellent

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles derived from algae and their larvicidal properties to control Aedes aegypti

• Matheus Alves Siqueira de Assunção,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Mara Elga Medeiros Braga,
• Severino Alves Junior,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa,
• Herminio José Cipriano de Sousa and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1566–1575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.123

• for ways to control these insects, avoiding the use of conventional chemical insecticides that are proven to be toxic to nature. In the last years, there has been growing evidence for the potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to be ecologically benign alternatives to the commercially available

• chemical reduction of metal ions through biological compounds can be used to synthesize non-toxic and environmentally safe “green” insecticide alternatives in the form of metal-based nanoparticles [15]. A promising option are silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained through synthesis from natural extracts

• containing secondary metabolites that act as reducing and stabilizing agents. Among these metabolites, alkanes, aromatics, phenols, ethers, amines, and amides stand out for their role in the reduction, stabilization, and capping of silver nanoparticles [11][16][17][18][19]. Compounds of natural origin are

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• metals and efficient degradation of 4-NP. For enabling linker-free/ligand-free detection of heavy metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-NP, CTAB was engineered as a versatile capping agent on gold and silver nanoparticles. Various factors, including nanoparticle characteristics such as shape, size

• does not allow for interactions with ligands via ion–ion interactions. Therefore, multiple surface modifications or linkers must be used for selective interaction between ligand and CTAB-capped gold and silver nanoparticles [7][9]. Contaminants in form of heavy metals and pollutant such as 4

• and complex operational procedures [21]. Colorimetric detection of heavy metals and catalytic conversion of 4-nitrophenol can be achieved using CTAB-capped gold or silver nanoparticles because of their unique surface plasmon resonance (SPR) properties, allowing for a colorimetric analysis through a

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• . “Experimental” section) for focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID). (hfac)AgPMe3 is a white to light yellow solid, which was used before for chemical vapor deposition [32] and for growing silver nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition [33]. Like for other silver precursors, a pronounced halo and a

• . Compared to the typically obtained granular structure of metallic nanoparticles in a carbonaceous matrix, the deposit composition and chemistry evolution are unexpected. The resulting deposit exhibits a carbon-rich body with a surface decorated with silver nanoparticles and an interfacial layer of

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• ]. This property allows the alginate-based nanoparticles to effectively bind and detect heavy metal ions present in water systems. The synthesis of alginate-based nanoparticles for metal sensing involves the incorporation of metallic nanoparticles, such as silver nanoparticles or zinc oxide nanoparticles

A review on the structural characterization of nanomaterials for nano-QSAR models

• Salvador Moncho,
• Eva Serrano-Candelas,
• Jesús Vicente de Julián-Ortiz and
• Rafael Gozalbes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 854–866, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.71

• descriptor of the category “a” or “b” in our classification). Kudrinskiy et al. also modelled silver nanoparticles with different coatings without introducing directly the capping agent in the model, but only by observing the differences in size, reactivity, and electric behavior of the nanoforms with

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• poisoning, resulting in an increase in the useful life of the catalyst. Chunling An et al. synthesized AgPd BNPs in aqueous solution with sizes from 4 to 5 nm and demonstrated that they exhibit greater electrocatalytic activity and better long-term performance than silver nanoparticles [9]. Janus

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• et al. investigated the effects of PSI scaffold against bacterial strains, and they noticed that narrow, clear zones were formed after 24 h of incubation. This phenomenon was explained by the change in pH during the hydrolyzation of the PSI. By adding silver nanoparticles to the PSI scaffold, the

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.15.38 Abstract Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently emerged as an alternative solvent for nanoparticle synthesis. There have been numerous advancements in the fabrication of silver nanoparticles

• biosensors are commonly made of LSPR materials [17]. With the development of synthesis techniques, numerous nanostructures of noble metals have been extensively studied to improve the intrinsic parameters of sensors. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit great performance in sensing applications owing to the

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• typical example, nanofibers composed of polygalacturonic acid, hyaluronic acid, and embedded silver nanoparticles were applied to recover wounded areas of albino rats in vivo [149]. In this nanocomposite, silver nanoparticles acted as an antioxidant, polygalacturonic acid acted as a reducing agent for

• generating silver nanoparticles from silver ions, whereas hyaluronic acid enhanced hydrophilicity and strain activities. To enhance wound repair, metal or metal oxide-based nanoantioxidants can be conjugated with miRNA146a. Because of the capability of miRNA146a to downregulate IL-6 and IL-8 expression, this

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• such as pathogens [14]. Functional nanomaterials with catalytic activity similar to enzymes (nanozymes) reveal substantial benefits over natural enzymes, such as ultrahigh environmental stability, appropriate catalytic activity, and ease of prototyping [15][16]. We created plate-like silver

• nanoparticles (i.e., silver nanoplates, Ag NPLs) covered with a layer of Pt atoms to improve the peroxide activity of NPLs, and use them as colorimetric biosensor materials. Metallic NPLs were employed in a variety of applications, including antibacterial activity [17][18][19], hazardous dye removal [20

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• appropriate electrical conductivity [22]. Suspension of conductive fillers in the hydrogel structure, such as metallic particles (gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles) [23][24][25], carbon-based materials (GO graphene oxide, CNT carbon nanotubes) [26][27][28], and conductive polymers (polyaniline

• ]. Cai et al. found some silver nanoparticles only slightly present in the skeleton of a PVA@DEL composite hydrogel [23]. Most of the Ag nanoparticles were observed in the wall of the hydrogel network. In our case, for the Hgel-MCO-cCB 1:3 sample, when the volume percentage of cCB was 17.1% (Table 3

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• in the spleen of mice was around 60% for free-UA and close to 90% for NLC-UA. Confocal microscopy images proved the cell uptake of NLC into macrophages. Metal nanoparticles are also excellent alternatives for carrying antileishmanial drugs [71]. Almayouf et al. produced silver nanoparticles (Ag-NP

• synthesized curc-coated silver nanoparticles (curc-AgNPs) for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis [124]. Curc-AgNPs presented a spherical shape, 32 nm of diameter, and a zeta potential of −19.8 mV. This nanoformulation prevented the in vitro growth of L. major promastigotes and inhibited their viability

• , the found activity may be mostly attributed to curc-coated NPs. The same behavior was observed in Miltefosine-AgNPs developed by Kalangi and collaborators. Silver nanoparticles alone (50 μM) did not demonstrate an antileishmanial effect on the promastigote stage of the Leishmania parasite. However

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• method limits the amount of precursor chemicals and enables the sequential flow of droplets, resulting in silver nanoparticles of uniform shape and size. We investigated the effects of different synthesis conditions on the size distribution, dispersity, and LSPR wavelength of the silver nanoparticles

• treated at 90 °C for 5 min on a hot plate. Following this step, silicon tubes were joined to the inlets of the microfluidic device using Loctite superglue. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles The droplet-based microfluidic device was used to synthesize Ag NPs. These droplets enable the uniform distribution

• aqueous solutions and oil, respectively. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles Different molar ratios of silver nitrate to sodium borohydride were used to produce Ag nanoparticles in the microfluidic device at room temperature, with flow rates of 20 and 80 µL/min for the aqueous solutions and oil

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• Biotechnology and Food Technology, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.14.64 Abstract We present the in situ synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through

• activity. These findings suggest that this nanocomposite has the potential to be tailored for specific applications in environmental and medicinal treatments, making it a highly promising material. Keywords: alginate; bacterial activity; catalysis; lactose; silver nanoparticles; synthesis; Introduction

• Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have raised significant interest for their wide range of applications in biomedicine [1][2], treatment of wastewater [3][4], and catalysis [5][6]. The utilization of eco-friendly sources, such as plant extracts [7][8], fungi [9][10], and bacteria [11], for synthesizing AgNPs

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• dots and 3D bismuth oxyiodine hybrid hollow microspheres for the detection of chlopyrifos [26]. In 2020, Jiménez-López et al. worked on a fluorescent probe containing graphene quantum dots and silver nanoparticles for glyphosate detection [27]. In 2021, Xu Dan et al. developed a histidine

New trends in nanobiotechnology

• Pau-Loke Show,
• Kit Wayne Chew,
• Wee-Jun Ong,
• Sunita Varjani and
• Joon Ching Juan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 377–379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.32

• . Green synthesis methods were firstly applied for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, along with silver chloride nanoparticles as there were chlorine salts in the pineapple peels which enable the formation of silver chloride. These nanoparticles were then characterized and tested regarding their

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• characterization of quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles (Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs), and their antibacterial and anticancer activities. The formation of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs has been confirmed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform

• , caffeic acid has also been reported to have antiviral, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticancer activities [31][32][33][34]. Silver nanoparticles are an important example of different types of nanomaterials (copper, zinc, titanium, magnesium, gold, and alginate) that have been

• proven to be effective against bacteria and viruses [6][35]. Toxicologists extensively studied silver nanoparticles. Despite studies suggesting a toxicity of silver nanoparticles, this issue is still unresolved [36]. However, silver nanoparticles have become more popular in recent years due to their

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• , and textiles need to be cleaned on a daily basis. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) possess well-documented antimicrobial properties and by combining them with a physical matrix, they can be applied to various surfaces to limit microbial contamination. With this in mind, a rapid and easy way to implement a

• [10]), gold [11][12], zinc oxide [13][14], and especially silver nanoparticles [15][16][17][18]. Silver is known to target peptidoglycane, a cellular membrane component of Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. If introduced directly in its ionic form, silver interacts with the electron-donor groups of

• replication [21]. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have the added benefit of being ionic silver vessels, combining the latter’s antimicrobial properties with their own characteristics [16]. Pal et al. [22] demonstrated that triangular AgNPs seem to exhibit increased biocide activity compared to their spherical

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• , Saltillo Coahuila, 25294, México 10.3762/bjnano.13.124 Abstract Green synthesis may be a useful approach to achieve selective cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles on cancer cells and healthy cells. In this study, the concomitant biosynthesis of silver (Ag)/silver chloride (AgCl) nanoparticles from

• comparison to monocytes. Keywords: cancer cells; cytotoxic behavior; green synthesis; pineapple extract; silver chloride nanoparticles; silver nanoparticles; structural characterization; Introduction The study of metallic nanoparticle synthesis by green methods is gaining importance, especially in cases

• where plant extracts are used to synthesize nanoparticles. The nanoparticles can be produced in a simple, inexpensive, and scalable way, with low reaction time and in aqueous media. Since no toxic by-products are generated, these methods are eco-friendly [1]. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are commonly

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• solvent casting process after the ACMCDs were supported by silver nanoparticles, employing them as both a reducing agent and a template. The nanocomposite antibacterial film is anticipated to have a lot of potential applications such as food packaging, water purification, and disinfecting sanitary

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• formation on rat calvaria defects indicate a strong healing effect and new bone formation on chitosan/absorbable collagen sponges [51]. Chitosan with metal nanomaterials for bone tissue engineering Chitosan–silver nanocomposites Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained much attention in bone-related implant