Practical tetrafluoroethylene fragment installation through a coupling reaction of (1,1,2,2-tetrafluorobut-3-en-1-yl)zinc bromide with various electrophiles

• Ken Tamamoto,
• Shigeyuki Yamada and
• Tsutomu Konno

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2375–2383, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.213

• oxycupration of tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) [18][19][20]. Gouverneur et al. disclosed a Cu(I)-mediated cross-coupling reaction using ArCF2CF2SiMe3 derivatives that produced the corresponding tetrafluoroethylenated compounds [21]. Beier’s group also described a broad range of tetrafluoroethylene compounds

• generated by the reductive coupling of in situ-formed RCF2CF2MgCl·LiCl with various electrophiles [22][23]. Our group revealed that commercially available 4-bromo-3,3,4,4-tetrafluorobut-1-ene (1) underwent a Cu(0)-mediated cross-coupling reaction with aromatic iodides in DMSO at 160 °C in a sealed-tube

• presence of 10 mol % of CuI in DMF at 50 °C for 24 h resulted in limited formation (11% yield) of the cross-coupling product 4a (Table 2, entry 1). The Cu(I)-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with 3a was proposed to take place via the following three key reaction steps [36]: (i) transmetallation from 2-Zn

Stereoselective total synthesis and structural revision of the diacetylenic diol natural products strongylodiols H and I

• Pamarthi Gangadhar,
• Sayini Ramakrishna,
• Ponneri Venkateswarlu and
• Pabbaraja Srihari

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2313–2320, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.206

• to long chain aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of N-methylephedrine [17] or an amino alcohol–zinc complex [18] and the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz cross-coupling reaction as key steps [14][15][16]. In continuation to our research interest on the synthesis of acetylenic compounds [19][20][21], recently we

• lithium(trimethylsilyl)acetylide to get the coupled product 24. The latter compound on further treatment with K2CO3 in MeOH [26] furnished the desilylated propargylic alcohol 19 (Scheme 2). The copper(I)-catalyzed Cadiot–Chodkiewicz [27] cross-coupling reaction between bromoalkyne 18 [28] and terminal

Synthesis of 9-arylalkynyl- and 9-aryl-substituted benzo[b]quinolizinium derivatives by Palladium-mediated cross-coupling reactions

• Siva Sankar Murthy Bandaru,
• Darinka Dzubiel,
• Heiko Ihmels,
• Mohebodin Karbasiyoun,
• Mohamed M. A. Mahmoud and
• Carola Schulzke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1871–1884, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.161

• ). To identify appropriate reaction conditions for the base-free synthesis of derivatives 1a–d, different catalysts and solvents were tested for the cross-coupling reaction of benzo[b]quinolizinium-9-trifluoroborate (3b) and benzenediazonium salt 4a (Scheme 1, Table 1). With Pd(dppf)2Cl2·CH2Cl2 or Pd

Water-soluble SNS cationic palladium(II) complexes and their Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in aqueous medium

• Alphonse Fiebor,
• Richard Tia,
• Banothile C. E. Makhubela and
• Henok H. Kinfe

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1859–1870, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.160

• 12 and 13). Finally, the investigation of the reusability of the catalyst was carried out using the model cross-coupling reaction of 4-bromoanisole (21a) and phenylboronic acid (22a) under the optimised conditions (Scheme 3 and Figure 5). After completion of the reaction, the products were extracted

• reaction involving 4-bromoanisole and Pd(II) catalyst precursor 17d. The change in energy for 17d was calculated by computing it in kcal/mol as a cation at 298.15 K and 1 atm. Reusability of pincer complex 17d as a catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reaction. Synthesis of pincer ligands 19a–d

• of the Suzuki–Miyaura cross coupling reaction of 4-bromoanisole (21a) and phenylboronic acid (22a). Results from the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of various aryl bromides and boronic acids using pincer complex 17d as catalyst.a Supporting Information Supporting Information File 391

Hypervalent organoiodine compounds: from reagents to valuable building blocks in synthesis

• Gwendal Grelier,
• Benjamin Darses and
• Philippe Dauban

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1508–1528, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.128

• catalytic domino reactions. The group of Hayashi has reported in 2004 the first example of the transformation of a cyclic diaryl-λ3-iodane, for which both Ar–I bonds are used in a palladium cross-coupling reaction [56]. It relies on a double Heck reaction performed with methyl vinyl ketone in the presence

• to afford 2 equivalents of the corresponding biphenyl products in nearly quantitative yields (Scheme 34). It is assumed that the first cross coupling reaction with the iodonium salt liberates an aryl iodide moiety, available for the second palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction. Three years later, the

• subsequent one-pot palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction. The use of a sulfonimidamide (S*NH2), as a chiral nitrene precursor, in combination with the chiral dirhodium(II) complex Rh2(S-nta)4 has led to the discovery of intermolecular C(sp3)–H amination reactions that proceed from hydrocarbons used as

Recent applications of chiral calixarenes in asymmetric catalysis

• Mustafa Durmaz,
• Erkan Halay and
• Selahattin Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1389–1412, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.117

• were tested in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction for the first time in this study (Scheme 8). In order to see whether the calixarene backbone can effect the the coupling reaction between 1-naphthaleneboronic acid (30) and 1-bromo-2-methylnaphthalene (31), their

[3 + 2]-Cycloaddition reaction of sydnones with alkynes

• Veronika Hladíková,
• Jiří Váňa and
• Jiří Hanusek

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1317–1348, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.113

• group can be easily substituted by an aryl group using a Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. In those cases when a trimethylsilyl group (R4) is also present, it can be removed by TBAF-mediated protodesilylation to give a 1,4,5-trisubstituted pyrazole. It is worth noting that the parent 4,4,5,5

Atom-economical group-transfer reactions with hypervalent iodine compounds

• Andreas Boelke,
• Peter Finkbeiner and
• Boris J. Nachtsheim

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1263–1280, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.108

• ]. Here, symmetrical diaryliodonium salts 1 were used in a palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reaction with sodium tetraphenylborate (Scheme 3). This reaction not only provides excellent yields of the respective biphenyls 3 but also exhibits a high AE (57% for Ar = Ph). However, its general synthetic

• the substrates for both the chiral C(sp3)–H amination and for the following cross-coupling reaction (Scheme 18) [48]. In the first step, the C(sp3)–H bonds of PIDA derivatives were efficiently converted via an auto-amination with the external sulfonimidamide 31 to form the corresponding aminated

Cross-coupling of dissimilar ketone enolates via enolonium species to afford non-symmetrical 1,4-diketones

• Keshaba N. Parida,
• Gulab K. Pathe,
• Shimon Maksymenko and
• Alex M. Szpilman

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 992–997, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.84

• -coupling reaction. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 148: Experimental, characterization data and copies of NMR spectra. Acknowledgements This research was supported by Ariel University. AMS acknowledges support by the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 1914/15).

• bond indicates the bond formed. The blue-colored fragments indicate the first TMS enol ether used to produce the electrophilic enolonium species 4 and the red fragments indicate the second TMS enol ether used as nucleophile 5. All yields are isolated yields. Study of diastereoselectivity of the cross

Recent advances in synthetic approaches for medicinal chemistry of C-nucleosides

• Kartik Temburnikar and
• Katherine L. Seley-Radtke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 772–785, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.65

• modular synthesis of carbocyclic C-nucleosides [53]. The boronic acids/boronates (inset, Figure 13) of several (hetero)aryls were conducive to Suzuki coupling with the best result obtained when the C2', C3' and C5'–OHs were protected with TIPS and pivaloyl groups, respectively [53]. The cross-coupling

• reaction gave the unsaturated compounds (47 and 48), which, upon hydrogenation in presence of Crabtree’s catalyst, gave the saturated compounds with the desired diasteroselectivity (49 and 50). In the case of nitrogen containing heterocycles, Pd(OH)2 was found to be a suitable catalyst that gave a

Heterogeneous Pd catalysts as emulsifiers in Pickering emulsions for integrated multistep synthesis in flow chemistry

• Katharina Hiebler,
• Georg J. Lichtenegger,
• Manuel C. Maier,
• Eun Sung Park,
• Renie Gonzales-Groom,
• Bernard P. Binks and
• Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 648–658, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.52

• ) [31][32][33][34][35]. A preliminary scheme of the planned synthetic route is shown in Figure 1. As can be seen, the key step of our processes is the formation of the biaryl unit via a Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. To provide solid Pd catalysts with a high potential for the planned approaches

Diastereoselective auxiliary- and catalyst-controlled intramolecular aza-Michael reaction for the elaboration of enantioenriched 3-substituted isoindolinones. Application to the synthesis of a new pazinaclone analogue

• Romain Sallio,
• Stéphane Lebrun,
• Frédéric Capet,
• Francine Agbossou-Niedercorn,
• Christophe Michon and
• Eric Deniau

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 593–602, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.46

• Scheme 5. Aldehyde 23 was first readily prepared via a Heck cross coupling reaction between 2-bromobenzaldehyde (22) and acrylamide 11f. Next, a Pinnick oxidation of the aldehyde 23 followed with a coupling reaction with chiral benzylamine 17 delivered the targeted benzamide 24 in good yield (65%). The

Synthesis and stability of strongly acidic benzamide derivatives

• Frederik Diness,
• Niels J. Bjerrum and
• Mikael Begtrup

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 523–530, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.38

• , reversed-phase chromatography was chosen to simplify the purifications. The N-triflylbenzamide group also proved stable to cross-coupling reaction conditions, as exemplified by a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura reaction of the 4-bromo-substituted derivative 9d (Scheme 3). The corresponding N,N’-bis

Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of β-meso directly linked porphyrin–corrole hybrid compounds

• Baris Temelli and
• Hilal Kalkan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 187–193, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.13

• -porphyrin, β-corrole-linked hybrid structure described a Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction between a β-borylated corrole and meso-bromoporphyrins (Scheme 1D) [37]. Recently, we have successfully synthesized meso–meso and β-meso-linked imine-bridged porphyrin–corrole conjugates and investigated

Reactivity of bromoselenophenes in palladium-catalyzed direct arylations

• Aymen Skhiri,
• Ridha Ben Salem,
• Jean-François Soulé and
• Henri Doucet

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2862–2868, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.278

• two other solvents in this cross-coupling reaction was also examined. We observed that both DMF and xylene in the presence of 2 mol % Pd(OAc)2 catalyst with KOAc gave 1 in moderate yields (Table 1, entries 10 and 11). Then, we investigated the scope of the coupling of 2-bromoselenophene with a set of

Development of a fluorogenic small substrate for dipeptidyl peptidase-4

• Futa Ogawa,
• Masanori Takeda,
• Kanae Miyanaga,
• Keita Tani,
• Ryuji Yamazawa,
• Kiyoshi Ito,
• Atsushi Tarui,
• Kazuyuki Sato and
• Masaaki Omote

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2690–2697, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.267

• reactions were performed in microwave tubes with clip lids using a Biotage Initiator microwave reactor. Typical procedure for the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction Analogous as described in [24]. In a glovebox purged with argon gas, iodo aniline (1.0 mmol), (2-methylallyl)palladium(II) (0.1 mmol), CuF2 (2.0

Synthesis and application of trifluoroethoxy-substituted phthalocyanines and subphthalocyanines

• Satoru Mori and
• Norio Shibata

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2273–2296, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.224

• modification and purification are easy. For example, the synthesis of unsymmetrical TFEO-Pcs, which are also referred to as A3B type phthalocyanines, and their cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by palladium between A3B type TFEO-Pcs and acetylenes have been reported (Scheme 3) [66][67]. A3B type

• chromatography. The extension of π-conjugation by a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction after a tetramerization reaction proceeds with high yield. Furthermore, since TFEO-Pcs are not only easy to purify but also do not aggregate, their identification by NMR, MS, UV–vis and IR is easy. Consequently

Synthesis of substituted Z-styrenes by Hiyama-type coupling of oxasilacycloalkenes: application to the synthesis of a 1-benzoxocane

• James R. Vyvyan,
• Courtney A. Engles,
• Scott L. Bray,
• Erik D. Wold,
• Christopher L. Porter and
• Mikhail O. Konev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2122–2127, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.209

• aryl iodides are described that produce trisubstituted Z-styrenes in moderate to excellent yields. Both electron-rich and electron-poor aryl iodides are tolerated in the cross-coupling reaction. The oxasilacycloalkene coupling partners were prepared by ruthenium-catalyzed intramolecular anti

Transition-metal-free synthesis of 3-sulfenylated chromones via KIO₃-catalyzed radical C(sp²)–H sulfenylation

• Yanhui Guo,
• Shanshan Zhong,
• Li Wei and
• Jie-Ping Wan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2017–2022, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.199

• . Presently, the most popular approaches in constructing a C(sp2)–S bond are the transition-metal-catalyzed Ullmann C–S coupling reaction [4][5][6][7][8], Chan–Lam cross-coupling reaction [9][10][11][12] as well as the transition-metal-catalyzed C–H bond activation [13][14][15]. Recently, as a new trend, the

Ni nanoparticles on RGO as reusable heterogeneous catalyst: effect of Ni particle size and intermediate composite structures in C–S cross-coupling reaction

• Debasish Sengupta,
• Koushik Bhowmik,
• Goutam De and
• Basudeb Basu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1796–1806, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.174

• , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India. Fax: +91 33 24730957; Tel: +91 33 23223403 10.3762/bjoc.13.174 Abstract The present work demonstrates the C–S cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides and thiols using nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) supported on reduced graphene oxide (Ni/RGO) as a heterogeneous

• catalytic process has been established for the first time, and found to be best in the C–S cross-coupling reaction for Ni(0) and Ni(II) NPs of the average sizes 11–12 nm and 4 nm, respectively. Keywords: C–S cross-coupling; heterogeneous catalyst; Ni nanoparticle; reduced graphene oxide; thioether

• formic acid at room temperature [48]. Also, it can serve as an excellent catalyst for the Kumada–Corriu C–C cross-coupling reaction [49]. Since heterogeneous Ni catalysts are rarely studied for the C–S cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides and thiols, presumably because of the fact that the thiols

The chemistry and biology of mycolactones

• Matthias Gehringer and
• Karl-Heinz Altmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1596–1660, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.159

A novel approach to oxoisoaporphine alkaloids via regioselective metalation of alkoxy isoquinolines

• Benedikt C. Melzer and
• Franz Bracher

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.156

• extended to 6-methoxyisoquinoline (7c). Unfortunately, transmetalation with ZnCl2 at 0 °C followed by palladium-catalyzed (5 mol % Pd(dba)2/ 10 mol % P(2-furyl)3 or 1 mol % Pd2(dba)3/2 mol % RuPhos) Negishi cross-coupling reaction with methyl 2-bromo-5-methoxybenzoate did not lead to the expected methyl 2

• alkaloids one common building block, (4-methoxy-2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)boronic acid pinacol ester (9) [24], could be applied, since the alkaloids of interest all bear the methoxy group at C-9. Suzuki cross-coupling reaction of the iodinated isoquinolines 8a–c with this boronate under Pd(PPh3)4 catalysis

Synthesis of the heterocyclic core of the D-series GE2270

• Christophe Berini,
• Thibaut Martin,
• Pierrik Lassalas,
• Francis Marsais,
• Christine Baudequin and
• Christophe Hoarau

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1407–1412, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.137

• enantiomerically pure synthesis of the heterocyclic core of the D-series GE2270 is reported. The synthetic strategy combines the Hantzsch thiazole’s building condensation with a cross-coupling reaction including direct C–H hetarylation to build and connect step-by-step thiazolyl moieties to the 5-bromopicolinate

Nitration of 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazoles and synthetic applications of their nitro-substituted derivatives

• Roman A. Irgashev,
• Nikita A. Kazin,
• Gennady L. Rusinov and
• Valery N. Charushin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1396–1406, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.136

• performed by using the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction with phenylboronic acid under Pd catalysis (Scheme 5). The location of the formyl group and bromine atoms in ICZ derivatives 12 and 13 has been established by X-ray crystallography analysis, performed for single crystals of 12b and 13b (Figure 5

Total synthesis of elansolids B1 and B2

• Liang-Liang Wang and
• Andreas Kirschning

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1280–1287, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.124

• an optimized C–C cross-coupling sequence with a Suzuki cross-coupling reaction as key step. Keywords: antibiotics; polyenes; polyketides; Stille reaction; Suzuki reaction; total synthesis; Introduction The elansolids are metabolites from the gliding bacterium Chitinophaga sancti (formerly

• . Results and Discussion The improved synthesis utilizes the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction to merge the western fragment derived from ketone 9 with the newly designed eastern building block 13. This fragment was obtained in very good yield from vinyl iodide 12 [9] by a Stille protocol using doubly

• )-configured triene units are ideally be constructed, clearly demonstrating that enediynes are less preferred precursors for such structural elements. It has to be noted that there is precedence in the literature for the use of the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction as key step to assemble differently