Selective hydrolysis of α-oxo ketene N,S-acetals in water: switchable aqueous synthesis of β-keto thioesters and β-keto amides

• Haifeng Yu,
• Wanting Zhang,
• Xuejing Cui,
• Zida Liu,
• Xifu Zhang and
• Xiaobo Zhao

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 2225–2233, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.190

• conditions A and B was calculated [76] to evaluate the green metrics of the two aqueous reactions (Table 2). It was found that the two procedures showed EcoScale values of 82.5 and 77.0, respectively, which indicated that the two procedures exhibited good environmental friendliness. Based on the results

One-pot double annulations to confer diastereoselective spirooxindolepyrrolothiazoles

• Juan Lu,
• Bin Yao,
• Desheng Zhan,
• Zhuo Sun,
• Yun Ji and
• Xiaofeng Zhang

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 1607–1616, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.171

• ), optimum efficiency (OE), mass productivity (MP), mass intensity (MI), process mass intensity (PMI), E factor (E), and solvent intensity (SI) are listed in Table 3 and Table 4 and are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 (the green metrics and detailed calculation process is described in Supporting Information

• stereocenters and two heterocycles in a diastereoselective fashion, and without intermediate purification. The one-pot four-component synthesis in green metrics analysis is compared with the stepwise reaction process to pinpoint the overwhelming advantages of the one-pot approach in the CE, MP, PMI, and SI by

• eliminating the intermediate purification. It is an efficient way to build up novel spirooxindolepyrrolothiazoles for drug discovery screening. Bioactive Spirooxindole-pyrrolothiazoles. Graphical representation of the green metrics (AE, AEf, CE, RME, OE and MP) analysis for processes A and B. The higher the

One-pot multicomponent green Hantzsch synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyridine derivatives with antiproliferative activity

• Giovanna Bosica,
• Kaylie Demanuele,
• José M. Padrón and
• Adrián Puerta

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2862–2869, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.235

• optimal catalyst, 40 wt % PW on alumina, a substantial yield loss of 13% was observed after the 8th cycle while the required reaction time increased by 30 minutes after the 7th cycle (Figure 2). This result confirmed the green character of the protocol, which is what we were aiming for. Green metrics The

Safe and highly efficient adaptation of potentially explosive azide chemistry involved in the synthesis of Tamiflu using continuous-flow technology

• Cloudius R. Sagandira and
• Paul Watts

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2577–2589, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.251

• exothermic reactions extremely well, due to the inherent high surface area to volume ratio and rapid heat dissipation [16] unlike the conventional batch process. Continuous-flow production may certainly enhance the green metrics of synthesis in several ways [17] and their work clearly demonstrated the

Green chemistry

• Luigi Vaccaro

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2763–2765, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.273

• of the waste generated, which is derived from both the synthetic strategy and the technology used. The fundamental role of green metrics is to evaluate the modern classification of chemical transformations in relation to the potential or actual pollution produced. In some cases, such as calculating

The weight of flash chromatography: A tool to predict its mass intensity from thin-layer chromatography

• Freddy Pessel,
• Jacques Augé,
• Isabelle Billault and
• Marie-Christine Scherrmann

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 2351–2357, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.228

• approach to evaluate the minimum mass intensity of flash chromatography from the retention factor values determined by thin-layer chromatography. Keywords: environmental factor; flash chromatography; green metrics; mass intensity; purification; Introduction As part of a more respectful environmental

Ionic liquids as transesterification catalysts: applications for the synthesis of linear and cyclic organic carbonates

• Maurizio Selva,
• Alvise Perosa,
• Sandro Guidi and
• Lisa Cattelan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1911–1924, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.181

• separation and purification technologies. Therefore, when designing a catalytic IL-based process, one should factor-in all the reagents and solvents as well as all the downstream operations, in order to evaluate the advantages of the proposed process correctly. In this context, green metrics can provide a

Continuous formation of N-chloro-N,N-dialkylamine solutions in well-mixed meso-scale flow reactors

• A. John Blacker and
• Katherine E. Jolley

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015, 11, 2408–2417, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.262

• phase require longer reaction times, provided by the CSTR, to compensate for low mass transfer rates in the biphasic system. The green metrics of the reaction have been assessed and compared to existing procedures and have shown the continuous process is improved over previous procedures. The organic

• . This atom efficient procedure, with sodium hydroxide and water the only byproducts, should have better green metrics than other methods. Using biphasic reaction conditions with the amine dissolved in a water immiscible, organic solvent such as toluene enabled facile separation of the organic soluble

• reactivity, since the partition coefficient is similar to that of dibutylamine. The productivities of N-chloramine formation are in the range of 0.04–0.06 mol/h. Green metrics A key driver within the chemical industry is the need for greener, more sustainable processes. In order to assess the sustainability