Room-temperature NO₂ sensing performance of ZnO/Ti₃C₂T_x heterojunctions

• Ngo Thi Chau,
• Quoc Vinh Ho,
• Dai Hai Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1159–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.79

• , Gyeonggi-do, 13120, Republic of Korea 10.3762/bjnano.17.79 Abstract In recent years, metallic Ti3C2Tx MXenes have garnered considerable attention in the realm of gas sensors owing to their distinctive characteristics, including high conductivity, inherent hydrophilicity, and abundant surface termination

• gas sensing performance is attributed to the abundance of oxygen vacancies and surface functional groups within the ZnO/Ti3C2Tx composites, which facilitate robust interactions with NO2 molecules. These findings underscore the efficacy of ZnO/Ti3C2Tx nanocomposites as a viable strategy for enhancing

• with metal oxide semiconductors has garnered considerable attention as a strategy to augment the NO2 sensing capabilities of Ti3C2Tx-based gas sensors, attributed to the formation of Schottky barriers and the increase of surface area [20][21]. For instance, Choi et al. synthesized a TiO2@Ti3C2Tx

A redox-responsive viologen–cavitand nanocarrier for dual-function photodynamic therapy

• Andrey A. Maslennikov,
• Alexey Yu. Usanyov,
• Amir A. Shamsutdinov,
• Anna P. Lyubina,
• Andrey A. Parfenov,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Rezeda R. Fazleeva,
• Vitaly V. Yanilkin,
• Kseniya A. Zhdanova,
• Natal’ya A. Bragina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1142–1158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.78

• the disulfide-containing monomer N,N′-bis(acryloyl)cystamine, while a viologen-functionalized resorcinarene cavitand anchored at the micelle surface, providing colloidal stability. Polymerization yielded core–shell nanoparticles with a glutathione-cleavable, disulfide-rich core and a viologen

• functionalities into a single synthetic step to improve upon existing polymer-based methods. A rigid resorcinarene cavitand core provides structural stability and monodispersity without surfactants [26][27]. Peripheral viologen units enhance cellular uptake via positive surface charge and boost reactive oxygen

• ). The composite demonstrates good colloidal stability with a zeta potential of +40.5 mV, indicating surface localization of viologen units and preferential interior placement of THPP within the nanoparticles (Figure 3B). This high positive zeta potential allows the nanocarrier to interact

Biosynthesis, characterization, and biofunctional assessment of niobium oxide nanostructures obtained using lactic acid bacteria-derived supernatants

• Pablo A. Oliveira,
• Gabriella T. L. Teixeira,
• Pollyane S. Oliveira,
• Thaís S. Farnesi-de-Assunção,
• Isabela S. Rotta,
• Karina F. D. Vicentine,
• Dayane S. Alvares,
• Jéferson A. Moreto,
• Aline D. Paiva and
• Natália B. L. Slade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1128–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.77

• –visible spectroscopy (UV–vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the surface charge properties were determined by zeta potential measurements. In vitro biological assays were performed using Vero-CCL81 cell cultures to evaluate the cytotoxic effects

• ] and 1614 cm−1 [21] correspond to the stretching and bending vibrations of O–H groups associated with molecularly adsorbed water, suggesting the presence of surface hydroxylation. Absorptions typically observed around 900 cm−1, assigned to Nb=O stretching [6][22][23], were slightly shifted to lower

• contribute to surface modification of the nanostructures through weak coordination or hydrogen bonding. The additional band detected near 530 cm−1 is consistent with Nb–O stretching vibrations [21]. Altogether, the spectral profile supports the formation of hydrated niobium oxide as the predominant phase [6

Facile synthesis of platinated DNA nanoparticles with radiosensitizing potential

• Leo Sala,
• Tomas Perecko,
• Antonín Kaňa and
• Jaroslav Kočišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1117–1127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.76

• -cleaned using a Roplass RPS40+ apparatus. One microliter of the platinated DNA nanoparticle solution (12 nM) was then dripped onto the surface of the plasma-cleaned Si substrate and subsequently added with 15 μL of 10× TAE with 125 mM MgCl2. The resulting droplet was allowed to rest for at least 30 min on

• the surface before washing it with 1 mL of 50% ethanol solution and finally dried using N2 gas. Imaging was then performed in air using the Dimension Icon AFM (Bruker) PeakForce Tapping Technology and ScanAsyst probes (40 kHz, 0.4 N·m−1). Particle size distribution Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images

Synthesis of carbon dot-mediated gold nanostructures: experimental and quantum chemical insights into turn-on fluorescence sensing of N-acetylcysteine

• Thuy-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Nghia Nguyen,
• Ha Thi Thu Nguyen,
• Ha Ngoc Nguyen,
• Anh Duc Nguyen,
• Tuyen Viet Nguyen and
• Truong Xuan Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1103–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.75

• that fluorescence recovery originates from a ligand exchange process driven by the stronger binding affinity of NAC toward the gold surface, particularly via Au–S interactions. Under optimized conditions, the assay exhibited a robust linear response for NAC concentrations ranging from 4.0 to 20.0 mg/L

• groups. Consequently, natural-product-derived carbon dots frequently demonstrate high hydrophilicity, excellent biocompatibility, and a broader spectrum of surface functional groups compared with CDs synthesised from chemical precursors [28][29][30]. Among the various strategies aimed at improving the

• physicochemical properties of CDs, heteroatomic doping has been extensively studied [31]. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs) are formed by introducing nitrogen atoms into carbon frameworks or functional groups on the surface. Nitrogen doping alters the electronic structure of the carbon core and creates surface

Electrochemical sensing of sildenafil in pharmaceutical formulations using an (S,N)-doped reduced graphene oxide-modified electrode

• Nguyen Quang Man,
• Ngo Thi Thanh Xuan,
• Vo Thi Khanh Ly,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Duc Anh,
• Le Thi Hong Phong,
• Nguyen Hai Phong,
• Pham Khac Lieu,
• Le Lam Son and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1087–1102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.74

• (HPLC) [6][7] are widely employed because of their high accuracy and sensitivity. In addition, advanced spectroscopic and hybrid approaches, including surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) using Ag/UiO-66-decorated porous structures [8], thin-layer chromatography coupled with UV–SERS detection (TLC

• particularly suitable for on-site monitoring and routine analysis [14][15]. Importantly, the electrochemical oxidation of SDN can be effectively enhanced by tailoring the electrode surface with functional nanomaterials, thereby improving both sensitivity and selectivity. Among various nanomaterials, graphene

• -based materials, especially reduced graphene oxide (rGO), have attracted considerable attention as electrode modifiers due to their excellent electrical conductivity, large specific surface area, and favorable electrocatalytic properties [16][17]. However, pristine rGO still suffers from a limited

Breaking barriers: nanosystems to overcome solubility and permeability challenges of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors

• Bhagya Shree,
• Abhishek Sharma,
• Manish Kumar,
• Ruchi Chawla and
• Brahmeshwar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1063–1086, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.73

• variable improvements in solubility and bioavailability (1.5- to 38-fold) compared with free drugs, depending on surface characteristics, carrier composition, and drug properties. This was possible through tailored particle size, drug loading, and precise drug release kinetics via various mechanisms. This

• for BCS class-II/IV drugs at therapeutically relevant doses. The use of nanotechnology may offer unique advantages (although they come with their challenges). A few advantages are (i) increased surface area-to-volume ratio, enhancing the dissolution profile of the drugs; (ii) by-passing first pass

• processing equipment, the requirement for optimization studies, and reproducibility during large-scale manufacturing are associated challenges. A suitable and compatible surfactant or polymer is needed to impart a negative or positive charge on the surface of the NLCs, thereby preventing precipitation and

Nanoglasses: a trail towards uncharted regions of vitreous materials and their properties?

• Gerhard Wilde and
• Horst Hahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.72

• harvesting, or surface protection are in perspective, where the enhanced atomic mobility in the glass–glass interfaces is of specific benefit for the underlying transport processes. Moreover, important fundamental questions concerning the glass state and concerning the range of properties accessible to

Vibration-induced dynamic structural superlubricity on MoS₂/Au(111) under ultrahigh vacuum

• Shuyu Huang,
• Yiming Song,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Gema Navarro-Marín,
• Antonio Cammarata,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1039–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.71

• experimental setup for friction measurements is illustrated in Figure 1a. The experiments were performed at room temperature using a custom-built beam-deflection atomic force microscope (AFM) system under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). A MoS2 flake on a Au(111) surface was scanned by an AFM tip under UHV conditions

• dynamic structural superlubric state remains stable even under high normal loads. In addition, the scanned area was characterized both before and after the friction measurements. No noticeable changes in the MoS2 surface were observed in the lateral force images after the experiments, indicating that the

• from being trapped in potential wells even under high normal loads, maintaining the superlubric state. Discussion Numerical simulations based on a modified one-dimensional phononic friction (PF) model were performed to elucidate the dynamic structural superlubricity observed on the MoS2/Au(111) surface

Influence of an external electric field on the catalytic CO oxidation of nanoscaled CeO₂ and its La³⁺ and Gd³⁺ congeners

• Parastoo Jamshidi,
• Silvio Heinschke and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1028–1038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.70

• [18][19][20]. When an VO is created in doped ceria, one of the unpaired electrons from the vacant oxygen site fills the hole left behind, and the remaining second electron reduces a tetravalent cerium atom. This contrasts with the VO formation in the undoped ceria surface where two Ce4+ atoms are

• reduced. Doping ceria with various cations influences this general mechanism and changes the energy of the defects and their accessibility, as well as migration energy and migration pathways of mobile ions within the structure [18][21]. With respect to gas adsorption on the surface of ceria this situation

• particles per unit surface area (N value) were calculated based on three different measurements; these values are summarized in Tables S3–S5 (Supporting Information File 1). According to the values of δ and ε, doping of Gd3+ and La3+ causes a higher defect density in the fcc lattice of nCeO2 as compared to

Synthesis and characterization of RF-sputtered ZnTe/Cu_2−xTe thin films for solar cell applications

• Gerardo Arreola Jardón,
• Susana Meraz Dávila,
• Claudia Elena Pérez García,
• Aime Margarita Gutiérrez Peralta and
• Sergio Joaquín Jiménez Sandoval

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 1016–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.69

• challenges for large-scale application [4]. One of the most persistent limitations in CdTe solar cells is the formation of a stable back contact with low resistance. The high work function of CdTe (≈5.7 eV) and its relatively high surface resistivity hinder the formation of an ideal ohmic contact with

• region at the CdTe surface, reducing the barrier height. However, uncontrolled Cu diffusion through grain boundaries and toward the CdS/CdTe junction has been associated with long-term instability and performance degradation. Therefore, controlling Cu incorporation while minimizing its diffusion remains

• reported to occur at temperatures below 250 °C in RF sputtering systems [20]. The base pressure prior to deposition was ≈10−5 Torr and the working pressure during growth was maintained at approximately ≈2 × 10−3 Torr. The targets were pre-sputtered for 5 min to remove surface contaminants, and the

Ultrasonic irradiation in the synthesis of nanohydroxyapatite: a chemically friendly technique for improving hemocompatibility and antibiofilm applications

• Juan Mendoza Turmero,
• Cristina Parra Pantoja,
• Marcos Sabino Gutiérrez,
• Milagro Fernández-Delgado,
• Claudia Alvarado-Castillo,
• Damarys Soto Gil,
• María E. Gomes Gomes,
• Yony Gutiérrez Barrios and
• Daniel Suárez Arteaga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 991–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.68

• medium. Water-based mixtures were used, that is, water/acetone (W/ACET), water/tetrahydrofuran (W/THF), and water/ethanol (W/ETOH). The resulting nHA was characterized structurally using FTIR, XRD, TGA, FESEM, and specific surface area determination. These analyses revealed the formation of carbonated

• sensitivity of this technique might not be sufficient to detect ultratrace amounts of residual solvents adsorbed on the surface or trapped within the nanostructured hydroxyapatite matrix. The remaining bands in the spectra shown in the spectra in Figure 3 indicate the presence of carbonate groups within the

• quantitative analysis of particle size was conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and BET surface area measurements. These findings, along with their corresponding statistical evaluations, are presented and extensively discussed in section “Field emission scanning electron

Development of Protium heptaphyllum essential oil-loaded nanocapsules: experimental design and biological activity

• Debora Freitas Silva,
• Kaidy Giselle Orellana,
• Allessya Lara Dantas Formiga,
• Jin Wang,
• Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade,
• Aline Collares Valente Pinheiro,
• Maria Izabel de Jesus,
• Francisco Canindé Ferreira de Luna,
• Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira,
• Edivaldo Herculano Correa de Oliveira,
• Francisco Humberto Xavier Junior,
• Emmanuel Abraham Ho and
• Marcele Fonseca Passos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 974–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.67

• , potentially favoring droplet growth and particle enlargement. Analysis of the response surface plots (Figure 1) further suggests that the combined increase in PCL and EO may reduce the efficiency of mass transport during nanoprecipitation, consistent with diffusion-controlled mechanisms described by the

• for interfacial properties, which are inherently influenced by dynamic surface phenomena such as surfactant rearrangement and charge distribution at the nanoparticle interface [16]. The lack-of-fit test was not significant (p = 0.078), confirming adequate model specification (Supporting Information

• modulating surface charge through steric and electrostatic stabilization mechanisms. Significant interaction terms (PCL * EO and EO * Tween 80) further suggest that surface organization depends on the balance between polymer matrix composition and surfactant coverage [38]. In contrast, the PDI model

Materials challenges in solid-state sensors for continuous monitoring of ions in water

• Maryam Darestani-Farahani and
• Peter Kruse

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 935–973, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.66

• through strategies such as defect engineering, nanoparticle doping, surface functionalization with organic molecules, or incorporation of advanced recognition elements like metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, ion-imprinted polymers, and biomaterials. Hybrid nanocomposites and ion

• matrices containing abundant co-ions and natural organic matter; this requires an understanding of unwanted interferences for the system [8][9][10] and smart design, modification, and protection of the active surface according to the system. (ii) Sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), and dynamic range

• ., bismuth or gold films) that enable preconcentration of trace metal ions before measurement [82]. The ASV process involves two stages: (1) deposition, where metal ions are reduced and plated onto the electrode surface, and (2) stripping, where oxidation peaks are recorded and quantified [82][83]. This

Enhanced erosion resistance and radiation stability of WC–WO₃ nanocomposite films under 100 keV Kr⁺ ion irradiation

• Shristi Bist,
• Parswajit Kalita,
• Ratnesh K. Pandey,
• Sejal Shah,
• Richa Krishna,
• Umapathy G. R.,
• Sunil Ojha and
• Devesh K. Avasthi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 922–934, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.65

• density to the material are being considered to test the behaviour of synthesized nanocomposite films under far more extreme irradiation conditions. Numerous studies on the effect of Kr+ ion irradiation across different materials have demonstrated a wide range of ion-induced modifications in both surface

• Sigmund’s theory of sputtering [83][84] within the framework of the “linear cascade” regime. Sigmund’s formula [83] is given as: where Y is the sputtering yield, U is the surface binding energy, α is a function of mass ratio of target and ions, Sn(E) is the stopping power of ions in the target at energy E

• atoms are accomodated in the composite by the heterointerfaces, resulting in a smaller number of displaced atoms being ejected from the surface. Note that differences in chemical potential in composites can further influence the migration of interstitals/vacancies to heterointerfaces [33][87]. However

Nanocarrier strategies to overcome P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance in cancer therapy

• Andreina Quevedo-Enríquez,
• Katty Yi Zhang,
• Denisse Yajaira Enriquez,
• Byron Raul Inapanta,
• Roxana Noemí Peroni and
• Christian Rafael Quijia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 882–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.64

• , kidney, the apical surface of ileal and colonic epithelial cells, and the blood–brain barrier, while its expression is comparatively lower in the jejunum, duodenum, and stomach [22][24]. Systemic P-gp inhibitors, therefore, risk disrupting normal physiological efflux at these sites, a liability that has

• liposomes, first discovered in the 1960s, which were commonly used to deliver anticancer agents, antibiotics, and vaccines. The size, surface charge, and composition of liposomes influence their biological behavior, biodistribution, and shelf life [45]. Another important class are nanostructured lipid

• structures [46]. Examples of NLCs are presented in Table 2. 3.2.1.1 Functionalized liposomes. Surface functionalization of liposomes aims to deliver anticancer agents directly to tumors by attaching specific ligands, such as peptides, antibodies or their fragments, or small molecules. This strategy leverages

Supramolecular one-dimensional conducting nanofibers from a C₃-symmetric tetrathiafulvalene derivative

• Yoko Tatewaki,
• Fumiya Hirose,
• Sadafumi Nishihara,
• Tomoyuki Akutagawa,
• Takayoshi Nakamura and
• Tsuyoshi Minami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 872–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.63

• morphologies observed by SEM differed from those obtained by AFM on mica substrates, showing more aggregated structures. This difference may originate from the distinct surface properties of the substrates used for the measurements. Although the detailed mechanism remains unclear, these results suggest that

• the self-assembly behavior of MeS-TTF-Ts and its charge-transfer complex is influenced by the substrate surface as well as the solvent conditions. Optical spectra of nanofibers formed from MeS-TTF-Ts and the (MeS-TTF-Ts)(F4TCNQ)3 charge-transfer complex Figure 4 shows the UV–vis spectra of nanofiber

He⁺ FIBID-fabricated 3D AFM tip architectures: an exploratory study of hollow pillars, helices, and spirals

• Alba Arroyo-Fructuoso,
• Ana Galet,
• Gregor Hlawacek and
• Rosa Córdoba

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 863–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.62

• , Germany 10.3762/bjnano.17.62 Abstract Atomic force microscopy (AFM) relies strongly on tip geometry and mechanical integrity for stable and reproducible surface measurements. Here, we present an exploratory study of tungsten–carbon (W–C) AFM tips with complex three-dimensional (3D) architectures

• required. Keywords: 3D-printed tips; AFM tips; beam induced nanomanufacturing; focused ion beam induced deposition (FIBID); helium ion microscope; nanohelix; nanopillar; nanospiral; scanning tip microscopy; surface topography; tungsten carbide; Introduction The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a

• versatile technique for nanoscale surface characterisation that enables topographic measurements with sub-nanometre resolution by means of a sharp tip mounted at the end of a flexible cantilever [1]. During operation, the tip scans across the sample surface and responds to local interactions such as van der

Light-driven ammonia electrooxidation via carbon nitride–ruthenium molecular interfaces

• Jan Holub and
• Pablo Jiménez-Calvo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 854–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.61

• : C3N4 absorbs visible light, separates charge carriers, and provides a structurally tunable aromatic surface, while the metal complexes, e.g., RuBda, RuTda, or RuTpyBpy, accept photogenerated holes and drive the demanding six-electron oxidation of ammonia through well-defined coordination chemistry. Two

• anchoring strategies, covalent amide bond formation exploiting the surface amine groups of C3N4, and non-covalent π–π and C–H···π interactions mediated by pyrene-functionalized ligands, are presented as complementary rather than competing routes to the heterointerface, each controlling surface density

• , electronic coupling, and catalyst stability differently. This perspective article examines how the structural diversity of the C3N4 allotropes, spanning semicrystalline polymeric C3N4, highly ordered poly(heptazine imide), and high-surface-area amorphous sulfur-doped C3N4, offers a tunable platform for

Nanoparticle delivery systems for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP): advances and challenges

• Sonia Zahara and
• Björn M. Reinhard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 839–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.60

• , mechanical properties, and surface composition that need to be considered in the design of the nanoparticles. The choice of core material plays a pivotal role in defining the physicochemical properties, release behavior, biocompatibility, and clinical feasibility of nanoparticle formulations. Various

• loading and controlled release. PrEP nanoparticle delivery platforms can be equipped with different functionalization and passivation chemistries. The surface properties determine colloidal stability as well as the interactions between the nanoparticles and the surrounding. These properties are critical

• fabrication may raise some concerns about residual solvent toxicity [53]. Another point to note is that active targeting via surface ligand decoration, common in lipid-based systems, is more challenging to implement with polymers and typically requires additional chemical modification of the polymer building

Sustainable fabrication of 2D-based devices through reuse of substrates with microfabricated electrodes

• Ying Zhang,
• Yigit Sozen,
• Esteban Zamora-Amo,
• Thomas Pucher,
• Nuria Jiménez-Arévalo,
• Zdenek Sofer,
• Yong Xie and
• Andres Castellanos-Gomez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 818–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.58

• signatures of the transferred 2D material, retain a largely homogeneous surface-potential distribution, and preserve comparable electrical performance after reuse. By extending the lifetime of pre-patterned chips, this approach can reduce substrate consumption and lower the cost of 2D device prototyping

• the substrate surface, allowing for their application in reusable biosensors [21]. A different approach to reuse the substrates was reported by Paupy et al. by developing wafer-scale detachable monocrystalline germanium nanomembranes for III–V material growth and substrate reuse, significantly

• cleaning conditions. Dihydrolevoglucosenone (Cyrene) has recently emerged as a greener alternative within this class, with solubility parameters and surface tension similar to those of NMP and DMF, but a lower toxicity profile [30][31]. Overall, these observations suggest that the solvent classes effective

Glycerol photoelectrochemical oxidation reaction at carbon nitrides/BiVO₄ materials

• Charles Garcia da Cunha,
• Isabelle M. D. Gonzaga,
• Cristian Hessel,
• Izadora F. Reis,
• Ivo F. Teixeira,
• Lucia H. Mascaro and
• Elton Sitta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 806–817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.57

• been pointed out as a promising material, as it presents high chemical stability and a wide absorption range of solar radiation [8][9][10]. To overcome the limitations associated with the low electrical conductivity of BiVO4, sluggish surface kinetics and the recombination of electron–hole pairs [11

• oxidation depicted higher photocurrents and provided a protective effect against photocorrosion. The photoelectrochemical activity and selectivity of glycerol oxidation on BiVO4 are influenced by several factors, including pH [26], electrolyte cation and anion [28], BiVO4 surface crystallography orientation

• (ethylene glycol) (PEG-300, Sigma-Aldrich, ACS reagent, 99.99%) for 30 min in an ultrasound bath (Soni-tech ultrasonic cleaner). Subsequently, 60 µL of a freshly sonicated suspension was drop-cast onto a 1 × 1 cm FTO (Sigma-Aldrich, surface resistivity ≈7 Ω/sq) substrate cleaned/pre-treated according to the

Tuning the electronic properties of defect-rich MoS₂

• Eric Juriatti,
• Martina Binninger,
• Carolin Schüle,
• Maren Zirwick,
• Katarina Margetic,
• Erika Giangrisostomi,
• Marcus Scheele and
• Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 796–805, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.56

• structural defects significantly affect the electronic properties of the material. The present study utilizes angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) and surface-sensitive core-level spectroscopy (SXPS, XAS) with synchrotron radiation to investigate the interfaces between defect-rich MoS2 and

• Fermi energy in such defect-rich MoS2 can be tuned by the subsequent deposition of CoPcF16, which is verified by a shift in Fermi level for the Ne sputtered surface, under complex charge rearrangements including a charge transfer from all the substrates towards the cobalt atom of the organic molecule

• spectroscopy (XAS), and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) are powerful techniques for studying interfacial electronic structures with different surface sensitivities, the orientation of molecules in a heterostructure, and the band structure in proximity to the Fermi level. Using these

Restorative potential of laser-synthesized silver nanoparticles with Salvia officinalis for periodontal disease treatment: an in vitro study

• Jelena Filipović Tričković,
• Sanja Živković,
• Bojana Ilić,
• Miloš Tošić,
• Jelena Marinković,
• Ana Valenta Šobot and
• Miloš Momčilović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 781–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.55

• a 150 ps pulse duration and a repetition rate of 10 Hz. Two different pulse energies (2 and 6 mJ), corresponding to fluences of 0.04 and 0.12 J·cm−2 and a laser-irradiated area of approximately 0.05 cm2 on the target surface, were used with or without sage extract to evaluate the influence of laser

• fresh surface irradiation could be achieved. Four AgNPs samples were obtained, namely, SageAgNPs2mJ and SageAgNPs6mJ, which were synthesized in the presence of sage extract (100 µL), as well as dwAgNPs2mJ and dwAgNPs6mJ, which were prepared in 8 mL of deionized water (18 MΩ·cm) under the same laser

• AgNPs depends on their concentration but also on their size. Smaller nanoparticles exhibit a higher surface-area-to-volume ratio, which enhances their reactivity and interaction with bacterial cells. Moreover, reduced particle size enables more efficient penetration of the bacterial cell membrane

Substrate-dependent pore formation in molybdenum disulfide monolayers under ion irradiation

• Yossarian Liebsch,
• Umair Javed,
• Lucia Skopinski,
• Leon Daniel,
• Franziska Appel,
• Radia Rahali,
• Clara Grygiel,
• Henning Lebius,
• Carolin Frank,
• Lars Breuer,
• Leon Kirsch,
• Frieder Koch,
• Jani Kotakoski and
• Marika Schleberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 769–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.54

• Abstract Ion irradiation is a versatile tool for nanostructuring surfaces, yet the roles of energy deposition and dissipation at the surface and in ultrathin materials remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate nanopore formation in monolayer MoS2 on different substrates under irradiation of

• highly charged ions (HCIs) and swift heavy ions (SHIs), remains less complete. The emergence of 2D materials has intensified the interest in ion–surface interactions [9][10][11][12][13]. Owing to their atomic thickness, 2D materials combine outstanding mechanical properties with promising (opto

• surface [36][37], whereas SHIs deposit energy continuously along their trajectory via electronic stopping Se. Despite these differences, both ion types couple primarily to the electronic system of the target such that subsequent energy transfer to the lattice is governed by electron–phonon coupling [38