Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• include hydrothermal method [42], controlled wet chemistry using spin coating, which can deposit, for example, uniform Ag NPs onto ZnO nanowhiskers and nanocolumns [43], photochemical deposition, which allows the formation of different Au shapes depending on the type of additive added into the

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

• Ali Javed,
• Felix Steinke,
• Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
• Hana Bunzen,
• Norbert Stock and
• Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

• File 1, Figure S1) and magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl2⋅6H2O) or lead acetate hydrate (Pb(OAc)3·H2O), respectively, under solvothermal reaction conditions, employing mixtures of water and ethanol as solvent. In the case of [Mg (H2O)2(H3L)]·H2O, sodium hydroxide was used as an additive [13

Alcohol-perturbed self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein

• Ismael Abu-Baker and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 355–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.30

• and prevent the formation of helical rods at low pH. A high alcohol content favours stacked disk assemblies and large rafts, while a low alcohol concentration favours individual disks and short stacks. These effects appear to be caused by the hydrophobicity of the alcohol additive, with isopropyl

• . Comparison of TEM images (top) and DLS data (bottom) for TMV-cp assembled under different pH and ethanol concentrations. (A) pH 6.8, no additive; (B) pH 5.5, no additive; (C) pH 5.5, 3.5 mol % ethanol. A lower PDI (polydispersity index) indicates more polydispersity. TEM images comparing TMV-cp assembled at

• pH 5.5 in different concentrations of ethanol. (A) no additive; (B) 3.5 mol % EtOH; (C) 5.0 mol % EtOH; (D) 10.0 mol % EtOH. TEM images comparing TMV-cp particles assembled in 5.0 mol % ethanol at different pH values. (A) pH 5.0; (B) pH 6.8; (C) pH 7.5. TEM images of TMV-cp assembled at pH 5.5 in the

A broadband detector based on series YBCO grain boundary Josephson junctions

• Egor I. Glushkov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin and
• Leonid S. Revin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 325–333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.27

• according to the additive law: The δV(PMW) dependence in Figure 7c, which is proportional to (Equation 4), has a maximum for the highest responsivity and falls to the minimum noise level at the Shapiro step. The receiving system is most comprehensively characterized by the noise-equivalent power Its value

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• techniques of surface modification and additive incorporation have exhibited enhanced properties compared to traditional membranes and are even better than the as-prepared electrospun membranes. In this review, we have summarized recently developed electrospun nanohybrids fabricated by the incorporation of

• with the additive are summarized and the adsorption capacities of each ENH membranes are tabulated in Table 1. 5.2.2 Filtration membranes. The removal of particulate matter via filtration membranes is mainly pressure driven or osmotically driven and has two operating modes, namely dead-end filtration

Nanoscale friction and wear of a polymer coated with graphene

• Robin Vacher and
• Astrid S. de Wijn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 63–73, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.4

• mechanical properties were already being utilised in engineering applications. Graphite powder, essentially thick flakes of graphene, has been used as a lubricant additive for over a century to reduce wear and friction during sliding [5][6][7]. Nevertheless, we still do not understand the wide variety of

The effect of cobalt on morphology, structure, and ORR activity of electrospun carbon fibre mats in aqueous alkaline environments

• Markus Gehring,
• Tobias Kutsch,
• Osmane Camara,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Hans Kungl and
• Rüdiger-A. Eichel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1173–1186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.87

• temperature to gain a more detailed understanding of the interactions of the cobalt additive and the carbon framework, as well as the formation and location of cobalt–nitrogen species. The changes in graphitisation, fibre chemistry, and electrochemical ORR performance are studied in depth using scanning

• cobalt-containing samples and 21 kV for the samples without cobalt additive. The samples were stabilised in air and subsequently carbonised in argon atmosphere for 3 h at temperatures between 600 and 1100 °C. Electrodes were prepared from the carbonised mats by applying a PTFE membrane by means of hot

• presence of cobalt. Comparing the fibres with cobalt additive to a reference system without cobalt, it also apparent that cobalt enhances nitrogen removal. Regardless of the presence of metal species, heteroatom dopants in carbon induce catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction. However

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• feature sizes are fabricated using the tools of the microelectronics industry from metals, silicon, and polymers. Various types of subtractive and additive manufacturing processes have been used to manufacture microneedles, but the development of microneedle-based systems using conventional subtractive

• methods has been constrained by the limitations and high cost of microfabrication technology. Additive manufacturing processes such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization fabrication are promising transformative technologies developed in recent years. The present article provides an overview of

• microelectromechanical systems. Alternative manufacturing processes, such as 3D printing and two-photon polymerization (TPP), are promising new transformative technologies developed in recent years. These additive manufacturing methods use layer-by-layer processing to create 3D structures. Unlike other microfabrication

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• temperature due to higher number of sulfate groups. All three carrageenans are soluble in hot water while lambda carrageenan is also soluble in cold water. Carrageenan is mainly used as an additive in the food industry for thickening, emulsifying, and preserving food and drinks [103]. Carrageenan is FDA

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Olena M. Kapran,
• Roman Morari,
• Taras Golod,
• Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Andrei Prepelita,
• Nikolay Klenov,
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

• is caused by subtractive (in the AP state) and additive (in the P state) influences of ferromagnetic exchange fields from neighbor F-layers, which are detrimental to the spin-singlet order in S′ [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Simulations in Figure 1c demonstrate the tunability of superconductivity in such

Silver nanoparticles nucleated in NaOH-treated halloysite: a potential antimicrobial material

• Yuri B. Matos,
• Rodrigo S. Romanus,
• Mattheus Torquato,
• Edgar H. de Souza,
• Rodrigo L. Villanova,
• Marlene Soares and
• Emilson R. Viana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 798–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.63

• matrix and additive was tested through coating the Ag-NPs with dodecanethiol, a non-polar surfactant. The resulting composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and in terms of surface antimicrobial activity. The results demonstrate that the Ag-NPs synthesized in this work are indeed

• the potential of the Ag-NPs for industrial application by dispersing them into low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and evaluating the chemical compatibility between matrix and additive by testing a dodecanethiol (DIO) coating to improve the dispersion of the Ag-NPs into LDPE. The resulting composites were

• again at 37 °C for 24 h. The minimal inhibitory concentration was determined examining bacterial growth at each nanoparticle concentration. Dispersion of Ag/HNT-8 in a LDPE polymer matrix Ag/HNT-8 was also tested as an antimicrobial additive to LDPE and the biocide properties of the resulting composite

Colloidal particle aggregation: mechanism of assembly studied via constructal theory modeling

• Scott C. Bukosky,
• Sukrith Dev,
• Monica S. Allen and
• Jeffery W. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 413–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.33

• components of the force to be additive while the upward (y > 0) and downward (y < 0) vertical components of the force will cancel each other out. For example, the x-component of the van der Waals force along the 45° line in Figure 3a is with a total contribution of 2F21x;vdW. Thus, F2 is given by the sum of

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• the synergistic effect of the combinational chemotherapy regimen. Clinical observations have revealed that co-administration of imatinib mesylate (IM) and other TKIs, such as nilotinib or dasatinib, may yield additive/synergistic anti-leukemia effects in CML [59][60]. Considering this, the development

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• packaging [53]. There is a need to improve food packaging quality to reduce food spoilage caused by pests and also to enhance the shelf life of food products. Nanomaterials are used as an additive in food packaging [54]. Silver nanoparticles, for example, were used as an additive in the manufacture of food

Molecular dynamics modeling of the influence forming process parameters on the structure and morphology of a superconducting spin valve

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Roman Morari and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1776–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.160

• functional G(Γ) in Equation 4 can be defined in various ways. One of the most popular formulations is used here and is given as follows: The weight coefficients of the MEAM from Equation 4 also have an additive relationship with single-electron radial functions given as where are empirical parameters that

3D superconducting hollow nanowires with tailored diameters grown by focused He⁺ beam direct writing

• Rosa Córdoba,
• Alfonso Ibarra,
• Dominique Mailly,
• Isabel Guillamón,
• Hermann Suderow and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1198–1206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.104

• . Helium ion microscopy in combination with a precursor gas can be used for direct writing of three-dimensional nanostructures with a precise control of their geometry, and a significantly higher aspect ratio than other additive manufacturing technologies. We report here on the deposition of 3D hollow

• 3D superconducting hollow NWs with tailored diameters using W(CO)6 precursor with a highly focused He+ beam. The resulting 3D hollow NWs have inner and outer diameters from 5 to 28 nm and from 36 to 142 nm, respectively, and aspect ratios above 196, which is unachievable by other additive

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• concentration was dripped onto the cleaned GCE using a micropipette and dried under ambient conditions. Nafion® was used as the binder. To study the effect of the conducting additive, different ratios of conductive carbon black (CB) were added and sonicated for 15 min to obtain homogeneous dispersions, which

• effect of CB (Figure 3f). The addition of carbon black leads to a reduction of charge transfer resistance in the composites with 5 and 8 wt % CB (6 Ω) compared to the composite with 2 wt % CB (19 Ω). The charge–transfer curve is similar for 5 and 8 wt % CB, which implies that the effect of the additive

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• CNFMs decreases gradually and the tensile strength increases slowly, resulting in better strength and poorer flexibility of the CNFMs. Therefore, CNFMs with relatively good mechanical properties could be obtained by blending PVDF and PAN at a certain weight ratio. Effect of the additive content of Cu(Ac

Current measurements in the intermittent-contact mode of atomic force microscopy using the Fourier method: a feasibility analysis

• Berkin Uluutku and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 453–465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.37

• contribution corresponds to the term containing δ(w) and the harmonics contribution corresponds to the terms containing δ(w ± nf) inside the summation. Due to the additive property of the convolution, this operation can be performed one component at a time. This means that individual components of the motion

Implementation of data-cube pump–probe KPFM on organic solar cells

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Olivier Bardagot and
• Renaud Demadrille

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 323–337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.24

• additive [28][29][30]. Adding a small amount of DIO indeed prevents the formation of large PC71BM aggregates and favors the formation of an intermixed morphology at the scale of a few tens of nm during film casting and drying. In BHJs, the photogenerated carriers recombine in a nongeminate manner by

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: the perovskite layer

• Xianfeng Dai,
• Ke Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 51–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.5

• , Bao et al. [28] introduced formamidine acetate salt (FAAc) as an additive to optimize both the crystalline quality and the film morphology. By this, highly homogeneous perovskite films with low trap states and uniform morphology could be fabricated. Also, it has been proved that the addition of FAAc

• HBr. These results imply that additives can effectively optimize the film morphology and enhance the crystalline quality to improve the performance of PSCs. A variety of additives with better quality are still sought. Additive engineering is not just one of the simplest and cheapest ways to improve

• production. However, at such high speeds, compact and uniform large-area perovskite films are not easily fabricated. This problem could be circumvented by incorporating very small amounts of surfactant additives such as ʟ-α-phosphatidylcholine into the perovskite ink solution. The surfactant additive

Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents

• Chen Du,
• Shuo Wang,
• Xu Miao,
• Wenhai Sun,
• Yu Zhu,
• Chengyan Wang and
• Ruixin Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.228

• lead nitrate, to which polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was added in order to enhance the photoelectric performance of the PSCs. By a combination of SEM, EIS, PL and UV spectroscopy and other characterization approaches, we show that the PVP additive is effective in inhibiting carrier recombination

• 0.1 cm2. The PCE continued to be over 80% of the initial PCE after 60 days of storage. FInally, the introduced PVP-doped PSCs present a low-cost and low-toxicity way to commercialize perovskite solar cells. Keywords: additive; lead nitrate aqueous solution; low-toxicity process; perovskite solar

• primarily due to the suitability of PVP as an additive to enhance the photoelectric performance. Using PVP as an interlayer between the [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) electron transport layer (ETL) and the Ag cathode in a high-performance inverted planar heterojunction perovskite solar

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• ) exhibit higher solubilities for active agents compared to solid lipids. In NLCs, the solubilities of solid and liquid lipid are approximately additive, i.e., the solubility of active agents in the NLC particle blend is increased. However, the increase comes at the expense of an accelerated reordering

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• ). This proposed mechanism would be reasonable considering that, in the case of a cellulose solvent series, β is the most significant parameter for dissolving cellulose via a mechanism involving interaction through hydrogen bonding with cellulose [60]. Such an attractive interaction with additive

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• value. This procedure and other protocols of synthesis together with the possibility to stabilize solids involving a large variety of metal ions have provided a large variety of LDH compounds of interest in numerous applications as adsorbents of anionic pollutants, catalysts, additive of polymers, as